广东烟区烤烟主要化学成分可用性评价
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摘要
为客观分析和评价广东烟区烤烟化学成分可用性,以2013—2017年度广东烟区8个主产县的C3F烟叶为材料,应用模糊数学方法、多元统计方法等构建烤烟化学成分评价体系,分析了广东烟区烤烟中部叶化学成分的年度、区域特征并进行了可用性评价。结果表明,近5年来,广东烟区烤烟中部叶总糖(25.09%)、还原糖(21.83%)、氯离子(0.25%)含量相对较低,糖碱比(8.52)和氮碱比(0.69)相对较小,烟叶化学成分可用性在"中等"及以上占85.00%;部分年度间、产区间烟叶的总植物碱、总氮、钾离子含量以及糖碱比、氮碱比存在显著性差异,但产区之间烟叶化学成分可用性无显著差异;广东烟区中部烟叶依化学成分可分为3类,分别相对集中于同一生态区域。
In order to objectively analyze and evaluate the usability of flue-cured tobacco chemical constituents in the Guangdong tobacco-growing area, an evaluation system of chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco was constructed by adopting fuzzy mathematics, multiple statistics and others with C3F flue-cured tobacco samples collected from 8 major producing counties in the Guangdong tobacco-growing area from 2013 to 2017. The time and regional characteristics of chemical components in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed, and the usability of tobacco chemical components was evaluated. The results showed that in the recent 5 years, the contents of total sugar(25.09%), reducing sugar(21.83%), chloride ion(0.25%), the sugar nicotine ratio(8.52)and nitrogen nicotine ratio(0.69) in middle leaves were relatively low. The chemical composition usability of tobacco leaves of"moderate" and above accounted for 85.00%. There were significant differences in total nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium ion content, sugar nicotine ratio and nitrogen nicotine ratio in tobacco leaves between years and the regions, but there was no significant difference in the usability of chemical components in tobacco leaves between producing areas. According to chemical composition,there are three types of flue-cured tobacco in the Guangdong tobacco-growing area, each of which is relatively concentrated in the same ecological area respectively.
In order to objectively analyze and evaluate the usability of flue-cured tobacco chemical constituents in the Guangdong tobacco-growing area, an evaluation system of chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco was constructed by adopting fuzzy mathematics, multiple statistics and others with C3F flue-cured tobacco samples collected from 8 major producing counties in the Guangdong tobacco-growing area from 2013 to 2017. The time and regional characteristics of chemical components in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed, and the usability of tobacco chemical components was evaluated. The results showed that in the recent 5 years, the contents of total sugar(25.09%), reducing sugar(21.83%), chloride ion(0.25%), the sugar nicotine ratio(8.52)and nitrogen nicotine ratio(0.69) in middle leaves were relatively low. The chemical composition usability of tobacco leaves of"moderate" and above accounted for 85.00%. There were significant differences in total nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium ion content, sugar nicotine ratio and nitrogen nicotine ratio in tobacco leaves between years and the regions, but there was no significant difference in the usability of chemical components in tobacco leaves between producing areas. According to chemical composition,there are three types of flue-cured tobacco in the Guangdong tobacco-growing area, each of which is relatively concentrated in the same ecological area respectively.
引文
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[16]丁云生,何悦,曹金丽,等.大理州烤烟主要化学成分特征及其可用性分析[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(3):13-18.DING Y S,HE Y,CAO J L,et al.Chemical component characteristics and usability of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Dali prefecture[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2009,30(3):13-18.
[17]刘新华.因子分析中数据正向化处理的必要性及其软件实现[J].重庆工学院学报(自然科学版),2009,23(9):152-155.LIU X H.Necessity and software operation of positive management in factor analysis[J].Journal of Chongqing Institute of Technology(Natural Science),2009,23(9):152-155.
[18]张文霖.主成分分析在满意度权重确定中的应用[J].市场研究,2006(6):18-22.ZHANG W L.Application of principal component analysis in determination of satisfaction weight[J].Marketing Research,2006(6):18-22.
[19]杜文,谭新良,易建华,等.用烟叶化学成分进行烟叶质量评价[J].中国烟草学报,2007,13(3):25-31.DU W,TAN X L,YI J H,et al.Evaluation of leaf tobacco quality using chemical composition data[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2007,13(3):25-31.
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[21]何超,李萌,李婷婷,等.多目标综合评价中四种确定权重方法的比较与分析[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(2):172-178.HE C,LI M,LI T T,et al.Comparison and analysis of the four methods of determining weights in multi-objective comprehensive evaluation[J].Journal of Hubei University(Natural Science),2016,38(2):172-178.
[22]郭艳军,叶鹰.主成分分析在确定贝叶斯网络参数中的应用[J].湖北工业大学学报,2009,24(1):71-73.GUO Y J,YE Y.Using principal component analysis to calculate parameter in Bayesian networks[J].Journal of Hubei University of Technology,2009,24(1):71-73.
[23]邓小华,周冀衡,杨虹琦,等.湖南烤烟外观质量量化评价体系的构建与实证分析[J].中国农业科学,2007(9):2036-2044.DENG X H,ZHOU Y H,YANG H Q,et al.Construction and empirical analysis of evaluating quantitative system of the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco in Hunan[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007(9):2036-2044.
[2]李雨,翟欣,胡钟胜,等.基于气候条件与烟叶质量的烤烟适宜种植品种选用[J].中国烟草科学,2015,36(3):19-23.LI Y,ZHAI X,HU Z S,et al.Screening of flue-cured tobacco varieties based on climate conditions and quality of tobacco leaf[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2015,36(3):19-23.
[3]孙帅帅,孙福山,王爱华,等.变筋温度对烤烟新品种NC55生理指标及烟叶质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2012,33(3):72-76.SUN S S,SUN F S,WANG A H,et al.Effect of muscle-yellowing temperature on biochemical changes and leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco NC55[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2012,33(3):72-76.
[4]王彦亭,谢剑平,李志宏.中国烟草种植区划[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.WANG Y T,XIE J P,LI Z H.China tobacco planting division[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010.
[5]王英元,李亚娟,叶协锋,等.河南省不同地区烤烟外观质量评价[J].河南农业科学,2007(1):39-42.WANG Y Y,LI Y J,YE X F,et al.Evaluation on appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco in different areas of Henan province[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2007(1):39-42.
[6]马京民,刘国顺,时向东,等.主成分分析和聚类分析在烟叶质量评价中的应用[J].烟草科技,2009(7):57-60.MA J M,LIU G S,SHI X D,et al.Application of principal component analysis and cluster analysis in tobacco quality evaluation[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2009(7):57-60.
[7]张强,和智君,向明,等.云南主产烟区烤烟质量评价指标体系的构建[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(S1):96-101,106.ZHANG Q,HE Z J,XIANG M,et al.Construction of the evaluating index system for quality of flue-cured tobacco in main tobacco-growing areas of Yunnan[J].Journal of Yunnan University,2010,32(S1):96-101,106.
[8]江春,周小兵,朱启法,等.基于化学成分的皖南各区域烟叶质量评价[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(15):73-75.JIANG C,ZHOU X B,ZHU Q F,et al.Quality evaluation of tobacco leaves in south Anhui tobacco-growing areas based on chemical composition[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(15):73-75.
[9]朱梅华,吉绍长,梁洪波,等.基于化学成分的广西烟叶质量评价[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(7):1179-1183.ZHU M H,JI S C,LIANG H B,et al.Quality evaluation of tobacco in Guangxi based on chemical constituents[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2015,46(7):1179-1183.
[10]齐永杰,邓小华,徐文兵,等.基于卷烟品牌原料需求的桂阳烟叶化学成分可用性评价[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2017,32(3):465-472.QI Y J,DENG X H,XU W B,et al.Analysis of chemical components usability of flue-cured tobacco leaves evaluation in Guiyang based on the material demand of cigarette brand[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Natural Science),2017,32(3):465-472.
[11]中国烟草总公司关于发布全国烤烟烟叶香型风格区划的通知[EB/OL].(2017-08-31)[2018-07-16].http://gyxzxw.gov.cn/web/guiyang/zwgk/zwdt/tzgg/conte nt_126972.html.China National Tobacco Corporation announced the area division of flue-cured tobacco’s aroma types[EB/OL].(2017-08-31)[2018-07-16].http://gyxzxw.gov.cn/web/guiyang/zwgk/zwdt/tzgg/content_126972.html.
[12]唐徐红.云南烤烟化学品质和指纹图谱分析及在质量分类中应用[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2011.TAND X H.Chemical quality and fingerprints of Yunnan flue-cured tobacco and their application in quality classification[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2011.
[13]王军,丁效东,罗静,等.南雄烟区气候条件与烟叶产量构成及主要化学成分的关系[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(3):54-61.WANG J,DING X D,LUO J,et al.Effects of climatic conditions on yield components and main chemical constituents of tobacco in Nanxiong,Guangdong province[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2016,37(3):54-61.
[14]王瑞新.烟草化学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:159-174WANG R X.Tobacco chemistry[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003:159-174.
[15]罗华,邓小华,张光利,等.邵阳市主产烟县烤烟化学成分特征与可用性评价[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,35(6):623-627.LUO H,DENG X H,ZHANG G L,et al.Characteristics of chemical components and usability of flue-cured tobacco leaves grown in main tobacco-producing counties of Shaoyang city[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences),2009,35(6):623-627.
[16]丁云生,何悦,曹金丽,等.大理州烤烟主要化学成分特征及其可用性分析[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(3):13-18.DING Y S,HE Y,CAO J L,et al.Chemical component characteristics and usability of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Dali prefecture[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2009,30(3):13-18.
[17]刘新华.因子分析中数据正向化处理的必要性及其软件实现[J].重庆工学院学报(自然科学版),2009,23(9):152-155.LIU X H.Necessity and software operation of positive management in factor analysis[J].Journal of Chongqing Institute of Technology(Natural Science),2009,23(9):152-155.
[18]张文霖.主成分分析在满意度权重确定中的应用[J].市场研究,2006(6):18-22.ZHANG W L.Application of principal component analysis in determination of satisfaction weight[J].Marketing Research,2006(6):18-22.
[19]杜文,谭新良,易建华,等.用烟叶化学成分进行烟叶质量评价[J].中国烟草学报,2007,13(3):25-31.DU W,TAN X L,YI J H,et al.Evaluation of leaf tobacco quality using chemical composition data[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2007,13(3):25-31.
[20]刘国顺.烟草栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:68-80.LIU G S.Tobacco cultivation[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003:68-80.
[21]何超,李萌,李婷婷,等.多目标综合评价中四种确定权重方法的比较与分析[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(2):172-178.HE C,LI M,LI T T,et al.Comparison and analysis of the four methods of determining weights in multi-objective comprehensive evaluation[J].Journal of Hubei University(Natural Science),2016,38(2):172-178.
[22]郭艳军,叶鹰.主成分分析在确定贝叶斯网络参数中的应用[J].湖北工业大学学报,2009,24(1):71-73.GUO Y J,YE Y.Using principal component analysis to calculate parameter in Bayesian networks[J].Journal of Hubei University of Technology,2009,24(1):71-73.
[23]邓小华,周冀衡,杨虹琦,等.湖南烤烟外观质量量化评价体系的构建与实证分析[J].中国农业科学,2007(9):2036-2044.DENG X H,ZHOU Y H,YANG H Q,et al.Construction and empirical analysis of evaluating quantitative system of the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco in Hunan[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007(9):2036-2044.
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