黔西北矿集区亮岩铅锌矿区成矿构造解析
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摘要
亮岩铅锌矿是川滇黔接壤区黔西北铅锌矿集区的典型矿床之一。基于矿田地质力学理论与方法,通过对该矿床三个中段出露的垭都—蟒硐断裂带结构进行精细解析,综合矿床地质特征和区域构造分析,认为该区至少历经了三期构造成生发展过程,相应的主压应力方向依次变化为北西向→北东向→东西向,其中在成矿期主要受北西—南东向挤压作用,为北东构造带。因该断裂带走向变化,在其不同部位的力学性质相应发生改变,导致矿体赋存特征存在明显差异。结合黔西北矿集区内其它典型矿床控矿构造的对比研究,发现这些矿床具有相似的构造控矿规律,而且与滇东北矿集区会泽型(HZT)铅锌矿均受到统一的构造应力场控制。不同于垭都—蟒硐成矿带在成矿期受北西构造带构造体系控制的传统观点,该新认识认为燕山期北东—西南向挤压作用所形成的北西构造带构造体系为成矿后构造(破矿构造)。这些认识为该区乃至黔西北矿集区深部找矿预测提供了重要启示。
The Liangyan Pb-Zn deposit is one of the typical deposits in the northwest Guizhou Pb-Zn polymetallic ore-concentrated area in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Triangle area(SYGT). Based on detailed analysis of the ore-controlling structures of the three levels at DaJie ore section by Geological Mechanics Theory and Method of Ore-field, combining comprehensive analysis of regional structure, this paper focuses on the prospecting direction in the deeper part of this area. The analysis shows that at least three tectonic stages developed in this area, and the corresponding principal compressive stress changes successively from NW to NE, then to EW. Ore bodies controlled by different mechanisms occurred in different parts of the fault. It is concluded that the deposit was controlled by NW-SE-trending compressive stress processes in the ore-forming period, which is coincident to the tectonic stress field of the northeast Yunnan HZT deposit concentration district. This new understanding is different from the previous opinion that the Yadu-Mongdong metallogenic belt in the metallogenic period was controlled by NE-SW-trending compressive stress processes. The NW-SE-W compression is basically a tectonic event after the mineralization.
The Liangyan Pb-Zn deposit is one of the typical deposits in the northwest Guizhou Pb-Zn polymetallic ore-concentrated area in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Triangle area(SYGT). Based on detailed analysis of the ore-controlling structures of the three levels at DaJie ore section by Geological Mechanics Theory and Method of Ore-field, combining comprehensive analysis of regional structure, this paper focuses on the prospecting direction in the deeper part of this area. The analysis shows that at least three tectonic stages developed in this area, and the corresponding principal compressive stress changes successively from NW to NE, then to EW. Ore bodies controlled by different mechanisms occurred in different parts of the fault. It is concluded that the deposit was controlled by NW-SE-trending compressive stress processes in the ore-forming period, which is coincident to the tectonic stress field of the northeast Yunnan HZT deposit concentration district. This new understanding is different from the previous opinion that the Yadu-Mongdong metallogenic belt in the metallogenic period was controlled by NE-SW-trending compressive stress processes. The NW-SE-W compression is basically a tectonic event after the mineralization.
引文
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[2] 陈士杰, 蔡继锋, 王志经, 等. 生物地层相对杉树林铅锌矿床的控矿意义[J]. 地质与勘探, 1984, (11): 16～19, 24.CHEN Shijie, CAI Jifeng, WANG Zhijing, et al. The significance of biostratigraphic control of Shanshulin Pb-Zn deposit[J]. Geology and Exploration, 1984, (11): 16～19, 24. (in Chinese)
[3] 张位及. 试论滇东北铅锌矿床的沉积成因和成矿规律[J]. 地质与勘探, 1984, (7): 11～16.ZHANG Weiji. On the sedimentary genesis and metallogenetic law of the lead-zinc deposit in northeast Yunnan[J]. Geology and Exploration, 1984, (7): 11～16. (in Chinese)
[4] 柳贺昌, 林文达. 滇东北铅锌银矿床规律研究[M]. 昆明: 云南大学出版社, 1999.LIU Hechang, LIN Wenda. Regularity research of Ag. Zn. Pb ore deposits North-East Yunnan province[M]. Kunming: Yunnan University Press, 1999. (in Chinese)
[5] 黄智龙, 李文博, 张振亮, 等. 云南会泽超大型铅锌矿床成因研究中的几个问题[J]. 矿物学报, 2004, 24(2): 105～111.HUANG Zhilong, LI Wenbo, ZHANG Zhenliang, et al. Several problems involved in Genetic studies on Huize superlarge Pb-Zn deposit, Yunnan province[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2004, 24(2): 105～111. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] 韩润生, 胡煜昭, 王学琨, 等. 滇东北富锗银铅锌多金属矿集区矿床模型[J]. 地质学报, 2012, 86(2): 280～294.HAN Runsheng, HU Yuzhao, WANG Xuekun, et al. Mineralization model of rich Ge-Ag-Bearing Zn-Pb polymetallic deposit concentrated district in northeastern Yunnan, China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2012, 86(2): 280～294. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 韩润生, 刘丛强, 黄智龙, 等. 论云南会泽富铅锌矿床成矿模式[J]. 矿物学报, 2001, 21(4): 674～680.HAN Runsheng, LIU Congqiang, HUANG Zhilong, et al. Genesis modeling of Huize lead-zinc ore deposit in Yunnan[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2001, 21(4): 674～680. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] Han R S, Xue C D, Hu Y Z, et al. Enrichment features and significances of Ag and dispersed elements in the ores in the Huize Carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb-(Ag-Ge) District, Yunnan, China[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2006, 70(S18): A544.
[9] Han R S, Liu C Q, Huang Z L, et al. Geological features and origin of the Huize carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb-(Ag) District, Yunnan, South China[J]. Ore Geology Review, 2007, 31(1/4): 360～383.
[10] 冉崇英. 滇东北会泽超大型铅锌矿床矿质来源与改造成矿作用[J]. 高校地质学报, 2017, 23(4): 563～574.RAN Chongying. Ore-forming material sources and sedimentary-reworked metallization of Huize super-large lead-Zine deposits in northeastern Yunnan, China[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2017, 23(4): 563～574. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 王奖臻, 李朝阳, 李泽琴, 等. 川滇地区密西西比河谷型铅锌矿床成矿地质背景及成因探讨[J]. 地质地球学报, 2001, 29(2): 41～45.WANG Jiangzhen, LI Chaoyang, LI Zeqin, et al. The geological setting, characters and origin of Mississippi valley-type Pb-Zn deposits in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces[J]. Geology-Geochemistry, 2001, 29(2): 41～45. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 张长青, 毛景文, 吴锁平, 等. 川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床分布、特征及成因[J]. 矿床地质, 2005, 24(3): 336～348.ZHANG Changqing, MAO Jingwen, WU Suoping, et al. Distribution, characteristics and genesis of Mississippi Valley-Type lead-zinc deposits in Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou area[J]. Mineral Deposits, 2005, 24(3): 336～348. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] Leach D L, Sangster D F, Kelley K D. Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits: A global perspective[A]. Hedenquist J W, Thompson J F H, Goldfarb R J, et al. Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume[M]. Littleton: Society of Economic Geologists, 2005, 307～324.
[14] Garven G. The role of regional fluid flow in the genesis of the Pine Point Deposit, Western Canada sedimentary basin[J]. Economic Geology, 1985, 80(2): 307～324.
[15] Ge S M, Garven G. Hydromechanical modeling of tectonically driven groundwater flow with application to the Arkoma foreland basin[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1992, 97(B6): 9119～9144.
[16] Appold M S, Garven G. The hydrology of ore formation in the Southeast Missouri district: numerical models of topography-driven fluid flow during the Ouachita orogeny[J]. Economic Geology, 1999, 94(6): 913～935.
[17] Leach D L, Bradley D, Lewchuk M T, et al. Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits through geological time: Implications from recent age-dating research[J]. Mineralium Deposita, 2001, 36(8): 711～740.
[18] Leach D L, Sangster D F. Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits[A]. Kirkham R V, Sinclair W D, Thorpe R I, et al. Mineral Deposit Modeling[M]. Canada: Geology Association Canada, 1993, 289～314.
[19] Bradley D C, Leach D L, Symons D, et al. Reply to Discussion on “Tectonic controls of Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc mineralization in orogenic forelands” by S.E. Kesler, J.T. Christensen, R.D. Hagni, W. Heijlen, J.R. Kyle, K.C. Misra, P. Muchez, and R. van der Voo, Mineralium Deposita[J]. Mineralium Deposita, 2004, 39(4): 515～519.
[20] 成晨, 韩润生, 王雷, 等. 黔西北福来厂铅锌矿床构造成生发展及其控矿作用[J]. 地质力学学报, 2019, 25(1): 90～104.CHENG Chen, HAN Runsheng, WANG Lei, et al. The Generation, development and Ore-Controlling of structures of the FulaiChang lead-zinc deposit, northeastern Guizhou[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2019, 25(1): 90～104. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21] 徐兴旺, 牛磊, 洪涛, 等. 流体构造动力学与成矿作用[J]. 地质力学学报, 2019, 25(1): 1～8.XU Xingwang, NIU Lei, HONG Tao, et al. Tectonic dynamics of fluids and metallogenesis[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2019, 25(1): 1～8. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22] 宋玉财, 侯增谦, 刘英超, 等. 特提斯域的密西西比河谷型(MVT)铅锌矿床[J]. 中国地质, 2017, 44(4): 664～689.SONG Yucai, HOU Zengqian, LIU Yingchao, et al. Mississippi Valley-Type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits in the Tethyan domain: A review[J]. Geology in China, 2017, 44(4): 664～689. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23] 刘正贤. 黔西北垭都—水城地区构造控矿研究[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学(武汉), 2004.LIU Zhengxian. Study on tectonic ore control in the Yadu-Shuicheng area in northwest Guizhou province[D]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),2004. (in Chinese)
[24] 黎应书, 秦德先, 邓明国, 等. 贵州水城观音山铁矿成矿构造体系分析[J]. 昆明理工大学学报(理工版), 2004, 29(1): 1～3, 24.LI Yingshu, QIN Dexian, DENG Mingguo, et al. Analysis of the structural system of Metallogenesis in Guanyinshan Iron deposit in Shuicheng of Guizhou Province[J]. Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology (Science and Technology), 2004, 29(1): 1～3, 24. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25] 秦建华, 廖震文, 朱斯豹, 等. 川滇黔相邻区碳酸盐岩容矿铅锌矿成矿特征[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质, 2016, 36(1): 1～13.QIN Jianhua, LIAO Zhenwen, ZHU Sibao, et al. Mineralization of the carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposits in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou area, southwestern China[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 2016, 36(1): 1～13. (in Chinese with English abstract)
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