渤海海域新近纪湖盆萎缩期古水深恢复——以渤东低凸起南端为例
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摘要
探井揭示渤海海域东南部地区新近系发育高频河湖交互相沉积体系,砂体预测难度大,其中古湖盆水体深度是影响该区砂体展布的重要因素之一。通过元素地球化学、地层频谱属性趋势分析技术、古生物等多种技术方法对新近纪古湖盆水体特征进行恢复,结合古生物的古水深指示意义完成了新近纪湖泊萎缩期古湖盆水体深度的定量研究。研究结果表明:蓬莱7地区新近系发育缓坡沉积的淡水湖泊湖平面波动频繁,馆陶组沉积早期古水深较浅约3m左右,馆陶组中后期古水深开始增加,并且呈现出从南向北逐渐加深的趋势。明化镇组下段中上部沉积时期古水深达最大,但明化镇组下段沉积时期水体深度主要在4～6m范围内波动。
The Neocene in the southeast Bohai Sea consists mainly of lacustrine,shallow water deltaic and fluvial facies.Drastic facies changes have made sandbody prediction very difficult.Palaeo-water depth of a lake is one of the key factors to sandbody distribution pattern.Based on geochemical data,INPEFA,paleontological and lithological data,the Neogene palaeo-water depth in the Penglai 7 area is investigated.The study area is located on the South of Bodong Low Uplift of the Bohai Sea.Results show that the area surrounding the Penglai 7 area was a fresh water lake with gentle slopes in Neogene.Lake level fluctuated frequently.The average depth of the area was around 3 m when the Guantao Formation was deposited.By the end of Guantao Formation,the lake level started rising.In the beginning,the water depth is deeper in south.However,it was reversed by the end of Guantao Formation and it became deeper in north.Water depth reached its peak in Late Minghuazhen Formation.The average depth of Penglai 7 area was around 4-6 m in the time when the Lower Member of Minghuazhen Formation was deposited.
The Neocene in the southeast Bohai Sea consists mainly of lacustrine,shallow water deltaic and fluvial facies.Drastic facies changes have made sandbody prediction very difficult.Palaeo-water depth of a lake is one of the key factors to sandbody distribution pattern.Based on geochemical data,INPEFA,paleontological and lithological data,the Neogene palaeo-water depth in the Penglai 7 area is investigated.The study area is located on the South of Bodong Low Uplift of the Bohai Sea.Results show that the area surrounding the Penglai 7 area was a fresh water lake with gentle slopes in Neogene.Lake level fluctuated frequently.The average depth of the area was around 3 m when the Guantao Formation was deposited.By the end of Guantao Formation,the lake level started rising.In the beginning,the water depth is deeper in south.However,it was reversed by the end of Guantao Formation and it became deeper in north.Water depth reached its peak in Late Minghuazhen Formation.The average depth of Penglai 7 area was around 4-6 m in the time when the Lower Member of Minghuazhen Formation was deposited.
引文
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[2]米立军,毕力刚,龚胜利,等.渤海新近纪古湖发育的直接证据[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2004,24(2):37-42.
[3]龚胜利,毕力刚.孢粉沉积作用与PL19-3地区晚第三纪沉积环境的关系[J].中国海上油气,2001,15(6):388-392.
[4]朱伟林,李建平,周心怀,等.渤海新近系浅水三角洲沉积体系与大型油气田勘探[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):575-582.
[5]邓运华,李秀芬.蓬莱19-3油田的地质特征及启示[J].中国石油勘探,2001,6(1):68-71.
[6]张新涛,周心怀,李建平,等.敞流沉积环境中"浅水三角洲前缘砂体体系"研究[C]∥全国沉积学大会论文集,2013.
[7]钟建华,倪良田,邵珠福,等.渤海湾盆地古近纪超深水与极超深水沉积及油气地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(3):521-532.
[8]Pekar S F,Kominz M A.Two-Dimensional Paleoslope Modeling:A New Method for Estimating Water Depths of Benthic Foraminiferal Biofacies and Paleoshelf Margins[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2001,71(4):608-620.
[9]李守军,郑德顺,姜在兴,等.用介形类优势分异度恢复古湖盆的水深——以山东东营凹陷古近系沙河街组沙三段湖盆为例[J].古地理学报,2005,7(3):399-404.
[10]苏新,丁旋,姜在兴,等.用微体古生物定量水深法对东营凹陷沙四上亚段沉积早期湖泊水深再造[J].地学前缘,2012,19(1):188-199.
[11]冯杨伟,姜亭,宋博,等.中哈边境伊犁地区中二叠统沉积环境的地球化学判别[J].地质学报,2017,91(4):942-953.
[12]魏亚琼,王昌勇,孟祥豪,等.青海湖布哈河口区表层沉积物有机质分析及其比较沉积学意义[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(5):1254-1264.
[13]杜庆祥,郭少斌,沈晓丽,等.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷南部古近系沙河街组一段古水体特征[J].古地理学报,2016,18(2):173-183.
[14]龚胜利,毕力刚.孢粉沉积作用与PL19-3地区晚第三纪沉积环境的关系[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001(6):20-24.
[15]郑一丁,雷裕红,张立强,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部张家滩页岩元素地球化学、古沉积环境演化特征及油气地质意义[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(7):1395-1404.
[16]Das B K,Haake B G.Geochemistry of Rewalsar Lake sediment,Lesser Himalaya,India:implications for source-area weathering,provenance and tectonic setting[J].Geosciences Journal,2003,7(4):299-312.
[17]Jin Z D,Li F C,Cao J J,et al.Geochemistry of Daihai Lake sediments,Inner Mongolia,north China:Implications for provenance,sedimentary sorting,and catchment weathering[J].Geomorphology,2006,80(3/4):147-163.
[18]路顺行,张红贞,孟恩,等.运用INPEFA技术开展层序地层研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):703-708.
[19]陈耀东.中国水生植物[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2012.
[20]葛刚,陈少风.鄱阳湖湿地植物[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.
[21]徐金鲤,潘照仁,杨育梅,等.山东胜利油区早第三纪沟鞭藻类和疑源类[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1997.
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