增殖放流对山东半岛南部中国对虾资源贡献率的研究
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摘要
通过对2011—2016年中国对虾增殖放流的本底调查及跟踪调查,初步掌握了在山东半岛南部海域中国对虾的资源量在1 097. 75 t左右.结果显示:本底调查中,中国对虾的相对资源密度为0. 43尾·网~(-1)·h~(-1);放流10 d后的跟踪调查中,其相对资源密度为2. 60尾·网~(-1)·h~(-1); 6年内中国对虾的平均放流群体比例达到了97. 16%,平均回捕率为1. 64%,平均可捕量为832. 88 t.数据表明,山东半岛南部海域中国对虾自然资源量均较低,且有逐年递减的趋势.通过跟踪调查结果表明中国对虾资源量显著增大,有效缓解了渔业生产对中国对虾自然资源的捕捞压力,对山东南部的中国对虾资源补充和资源修复方面均起到极大的作用.
Through the background investigation and tracking investigation of the proliferation and release of Penaeus Chinensis from 2011 to 2016,the amount of Penaeus Chinensis in the southern waters of Shandong peninsula was about 1 097. 75 tons. The results show that the relative resource density of Penaeus Chinensis is 0. 43 tail per net and per hour in the background investigation,and the relative resource density of Penaeus Chinensis is 2. 60 tail per net and per hour after 10 days in the tracking investigation. In the six years,the average population of Penaeus Chinensis released has reached 97. 16%,with an average recapture rate of 1. 64 and an average catching volume of832. 88 tons. The data show that the amount of natural resources of Penaeus Chinensis in the southern waters of Shandong peninsula is relatively low,and is decreasing year by year. Through the tracking investigation,the results show that the amount of resources of Penaeus Chinensis increase significantly,which effectively alleviates the pressure of fishery production on the natural resources of Penaeus Chinensis,and which plays a significant role for Penaeus Chinensis in the southern waters of Shandong peninsula in terms of resource supplement and resource repair.
Through the background investigation and tracking investigation of the proliferation and release of Penaeus Chinensis from 2011 to 2016,the amount of Penaeus Chinensis in the southern waters of Shandong peninsula was about 1 097. 75 tons. The results show that the relative resource density of Penaeus Chinensis is 0. 43 tail per net and per hour in the background investigation,and the relative resource density of Penaeus Chinensis is 2. 60 tail per net and per hour after 10 days in the tracking investigation. In the six years,the average population of Penaeus Chinensis released has reached 97. 16%,with an average recapture rate of 1. 64 and an average catching volume of832. 88 tons. The data show that the amount of natural resources of Penaeus Chinensis in the southern waters of Shandong peninsula is relatively low,and is decreasing year by year. Through the tracking investigation,the results show that the amount of resources of Penaeus Chinensis increase significantly,which effectively alleviates the pressure of fishery production on the natural resources of Penaeus Chinensis,and which plays a significant role for Penaeus Chinensis in the southern waters of Shandong peninsula in terms of resource supplement and resource repair.
引文
[1]邓景耀,叶昌臣.黄渤海的中国对虾及其资源管理[M].北京:海洋出版社,1990:1.
[2]叶昌臣,林源,杨威.中国对虾的辉煌与没落[J].饲料世界,2004(5):68-70.
[3]邓景耀,庄志猛.渤海对虾补充量变动原因的分析及对策研究[J].中国水产科学,2000,7(4):125-128.
[4] WANG Q Y,ZHUANG Z M,DENG J Y,et al. Stock enhancement and translocation of the shrimp Penaeus Chinensis in China[J]. Fisheries Research,2006,80(1):67-79.
[5]李忠义,王俊,赵振良,等.渤海中国对虾资源增殖调查[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(3):1-7.
[6]林群,单秀娟,王俊,等.渤海中国对虾生态容量变化研究[J].渔业科学进展,2018,39(4):19-29.
[7]林群,李显森,李忠义.基于Ecopath模型的莱州湾中国对虾增殖生态容量[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(4):1131-1140.
[8]杨爽,宋娜,高天翔,等.莱州湾放流中国对虾的跟踪调查及其生长研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2017(1):102-108.
[9]周军,李怡群,张海鹏,等.中国对虾、梭子蟹放流区本底调查[J].河北渔业,2006(6):38-40.
[10]詹秉义.渔业资源评估[M].北京:农业出版社,1995:257-261.
[11]金显仕,唐启升.渤海渔业资源结构、数量分布及其变化[J].中国水产科学,1998,5(3):19-25.
[12]徐炳庆,吕振波,李战军,等.莱州湾中国对虾生长特性及其空间分布[J].生态学报,2016,36(3):803-810.
[13]刘永昌,高永福,邱盛尧,等.胶州湾中国对虾增值放流适宜量的研究[J].齐鲁渔业,1994(2):27-30.
[14]杜怀光,于深礼.影响增殖对虾回捕效果主要因素分析及其对策[J].水产科学,1992(2):1-4.
[15]徐君卓,溎彦,沈云章,等.中国对虾放流群体在象山港中的移动和分布[J].水产学报,1992,16(2):137-146.
[16] PARRACK M L. Aspects of brown shrimp,Penaeus Aztecus,growth in the northern gulf of Mexico[J]. Fishery Bulletin,1979,76(4):827-836.
[17] GARCIA S,RESTE L L. Life cycles,dynamics,exploitation and management of coastal Penaeid shrimp stocks[J].Food&Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,1981,7:203.
[18] CADDY J F. Size-frequency analysis for Crustacea:moult increment and frequency models for stock assessment[J].Kuwait Bulletin of Marine Science,1987,9:43-61.
[19]邓景耀.渤海对虾(Penaeus Orientalis Kishinouye)的生长[J].渔业科学进展,1981(1):85-93.
[20] CHAND B K,TRIVEDI R K,DUBEY S K,et al.Effect of salinity on survival and growth of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii(de Man)[J]. Aquaculture Reports,2015,2(C):26-33.
[21] LIANG M Q,JIANG W J,CHEN Q,et al. The effect of vitamin A supplementation in broodstock feed on reproductive performance and larval quality in Penaeus chinensis[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition,2015,10(5):295-300.
[22] KIM M S,MIN E Y,KIM J H,et al. Growth performance and immunological and antioxidant status of Chinese shrimp,Fennerpenaeus chinensis reared in bio-floc culture system using probiotics[J]. Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2015,47(1):141-146.
[23]邓景耀.放流增殖对虾资源[J].海洋科学,1983,7(6):55-58.
[24]曾一本.我国对虾移植,增殖放流技术研究进展[J].中国水产科学,1998(1):74-78.
[25]陈雷,刘海映,姜洪亮,等.黄海北部放流不同规格中国对虾的成本比较[J].大连海洋大学学报,2014,29(2):188-192.
[2]叶昌臣,林源,杨威.中国对虾的辉煌与没落[J].饲料世界,2004(5):68-70.
[3]邓景耀,庄志猛.渤海对虾补充量变动原因的分析及对策研究[J].中国水产科学,2000,7(4):125-128.
[4] WANG Q Y,ZHUANG Z M,DENG J Y,et al. Stock enhancement and translocation of the shrimp Penaeus Chinensis in China[J]. Fisheries Research,2006,80(1):67-79.
[5]李忠义,王俊,赵振良,等.渤海中国对虾资源增殖调查[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(3):1-7.
[6]林群,单秀娟,王俊,等.渤海中国对虾生态容量变化研究[J].渔业科学进展,2018,39(4):19-29.
[7]林群,李显森,李忠义.基于Ecopath模型的莱州湾中国对虾增殖生态容量[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(4):1131-1140.
[8]杨爽,宋娜,高天翔,等.莱州湾放流中国对虾的跟踪调查及其生长研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2017(1):102-108.
[9]周军,李怡群,张海鹏,等.中国对虾、梭子蟹放流区本底调查[J].河北渔业,2006(6):38-40.
[10]詹秉义.渔业资源评估[M].北京:农业出版社,1995:257-261.
[11]金显仕,唐启升.渤海渔业资源结构、数量分布及其变化[J].中国水产科学,1998,5(3):19-25.
[12]徐炳庆,吕振波,李战军,等.莱州湾中国对虾生长特性及其空间分布[J].生态学报,2016,36(3):803-810.
[13]刘永昌,高永福,邱盛尧,等.胶州湾中国对虾增值放流适宜量的研究[J].齐鲁渔业,1994(2):27-30.
[14]杜怀光,于深礼.影响增殖对虾回捕效果主要因素分析及其对策[J].水产科学,1992(2):1-4.
[15]徐君卓,溎彦,沈云章,等.中国对虾放流群体在象山港中的移动和分布[J].水产学报,1992,16(2):137-146.
[16] PARRACK M L. Aspects of brown shrimp,Penaeus Aztecus,growth in the northern gulf of Mexico[J]. Fishery Bulletin,1979,76(4):827-836.
[17] GARCIA S,RESTE L L. Life cycles,dynamics,exploitation and management of coastal Penaeid shrimp stocks[J].Food&Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,1981,7:203.
[18] CADDY J F. Size-frequency analysis for Crustacea:moult increment and frequency models for stock assessment[J].Kuwait Bulletin of Marine Science,1987,9:43-61.
[19]邓景耀.渤海对虾(Penaeus Orientalis Kishinouye)的生长[J].渔业科学进展,1981(1):85-93.
[20] CHAND B K,TRIVEDI R K,DUBEY S K,et al.Effect of salinity on survival and growth of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii(de Man)[J]. Aquaculture Reports,2015,2(C):26-33.
[21] LIANG M Q,JIANG W J,CHEN Q,et al. The effect of vitamin A supplementation in broodstock feed on reproductive performance and larval quality in Penaeus chinensis[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition,2015,10(5):295-300.
[22] KIM M S,MIN E Y,KIM J H,et al. Growth performance and immunological and antioxidant status of Chinese shrimp,Fennerpenaeus chinensis reared in bio-floc culture system using probiotics[J]. Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2015,47(1):141-146.
[23]邓景耀.放流增殖对虾资源[J].海洋科学,1983,7(6):55-58.
[24]曾一本.我国对虾移植,增殖放流技术研究进展[J].中国水产科学,1998(1):74-78.
[25]陈雷,刘海映,姜洪亮,等.黄海北部放流不同规格中国对虾的成本比较[J].大连海洋大学学报,2014,29(2):188-192.
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