湖相碳酸盐岩——渤中凹陷油气勘探新领域
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摘要
渤海渤中凹陷独特的地质特征决定了湖相碳酸盐岩是其中深层重要的储层类型。综合运用地震、钻测井、分析化验资料以及前人研究成果,对渤中凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩形成主控因素进行了分析,总结了湖相碳酸盐岩发育模式,在此基础上对湖相碳酸盐岩的分布进行了预测,并对渤中凹陷湖相碳酸盐岩勘探前景进行了分析。渤中凹陷沙一二段具备湖相碳酸盐岩形成的有利地质条件,湖相碳酸盐岩发育的具体部位主要受层序位置、局部古地貌和物源的控制,湖相碳酸盐岩主要分布在水下高地位置较高、坡度较缓的部位。沙一二段沉积时期渤中低凸起等水下高地是湖相碳酸盐岩发育的有利区,湖相碳酸盐岩规模较大。湖相碳酸盐岩的发育弥补了渤中凹陷中部缺砂的不足,是中深层重要的储层类型,是油气勘探的新领域。
The unique geological features of Bozhong sag in Bohai sea determine that the lacustrine carbonate rock is an important reservoir type in the medium-deep formation. Based on the comprehensive use of seismic, drilling/logging, analytical and experimental data, as well as the previous research results, the main controlling factors on the formation of lacustrine carbonate rock in Bozhong sag were analyzed, and the development modes of such was summarized. On this basis, the distribution of lacustrine carbonate rock was predicted, and the exploration prospects of lacustrine carbonate rock in Bozhong sag were analyzed. The E_2s_(1+2) of Bozhong sag owns the favorable geological conditions for the formation of lacustrine carbonate rock, the specific positions of lacustrine carbonate rock development are mainly controlled by sequence location, local paleogeomorphology and provenance, and the lacustrine carbonate rock is mainly distributed in subaqueous structural highs and gentle slopes. During the sedimentary period of the E_2s_(1+2), the subaqueous structural highs such as Bozhong low uplift are the favorable areas for the development of lacustrine carbonate rock, and the scale of such rock is large. The development of lacustrine carbonate rock compensates for the lack of sand in the central part of Bozhong sag. That rock is an important reservoir type in the medium-deep formation, and is a new domain of oil and gas exploration.
The unique geological features of Bozhong sag in Bohai sea determine that the lacustrine carbonate rock is an important reservoir type in the medium-deep formation. Based on the comprehensive use of seismic, drilling/logging, analytical and experimental data, as well as the previous research results, the main controlling factors on the formation of lacustrine carbonate rock in Bozhong sag were analyzed, and the development modes of such was summarized. On this basis, the distribution of lacustrine carbonate rock was predicted, and the exploration prospects of lacustrine carbonate rock in Bozhong sag were analyzed. The E_2s_(1+2) of Bozhong sag owns the favorable geological conditions for the formation of lacustrine carbonate rock, the specific positions of lacustrine carbonate rock development are mainly controlled by sequence location, local paleogeomorphology and provenance, and the lacustrine carbonate rock is mainly distributed in subaqueous structural highs and gentle slopes. During the sedimentary period of the E_2s_(1+2), the subaqueous structural highs such as Bozhong low uplift are the favorable areas for the development of lacustrine carbonate rock, and the scale of such rock is large. The development of lacustrine carbonate rock compensates for the lack of sand in the central part of Bozhong sag. That rock is an important reservoir type in the medium-deep formation, and is a new domain of oil and gas exploration.
引文
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[12] 王冠民,林国松.济阳坳陷古近纪的古气候区分析[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2012,31(5):505-509.WANG Guanmin,LIN Guosong.Eogene paleoclimate zone study in the Jiyang Depression[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Ueochemistry,2012,31(5):505-509.
[13] HALFAR J,INGLE J C,GODINEZ-ORTA L.Modern non-tropical mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediments and environments of the southwestern Gulf of California,Mexico[J].Sedimentary Geology,2004,165:93-115.
[14] 项华,徐长贵.渤海海域古近系隐蔽油气藏层序地层学特征[J].石油学报,2006,27(2):11-15.XIANG Hua,XU Changgui.Sequence stratigraphic characteristics of subtle oil-gas pool in the Palaeogene of Bohai Sea area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(2):11-15.
[15] 宋国奇,王廷章,石小虎,等.东营沙四段古盐度对碳酸盐岩沉积的控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(2):8-14.SONG Guoqi,WANG Tingzhang,SHI Xiaohu,et al.Palaeosalinity and its controlling on the development of beach and bar in lake facies[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Natural Science Edition),2013,35(2):8-14.
[16] 赵澄林.油区岩相古地理[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2001:295-311.
[2] 顾家裕,马锋,季丽丹.碳酸盐岩台地类型、特征及主控因素[J].古地理学报,2009,11(1):21-26.GU Jiayu,MA Feng,JI Lidan.Types,characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate platform[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(1):21-26.
[3] 赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].3版.北京:石油工业出版社,2001:346-354.
[4] 宋章强,赖维成,牛成民,等.渤海海域湖相碳酸盐岩地震-地质综合预测方法及应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):444-449.SONG Zhangqiang,LAI Weicheng,NIU Chengmin,et al.An integrated seismic-geological approach to predict lacustrine carbonate rock in the Bohai Sea waters[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(4):444-449.
[5] 邓运华.试论辽东湾坳陷沙河街组碳酸盐岩形成环境及其特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1991,18(6):32-38.DENG Yunhua.A discussion on the environment of formation and the characteristics of the carbonate rock in the Shahejie Group in the Liaodong Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Dvelopment,1991,18(6):32-38.
[6] 杜韫华.渤海湾地区下第三系湖相碳酸盐岩及沉积模式[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(4):34-41.DU Yunhua.Eogene lacustrine carbonate rocks and sedimentary model in Bohai bay region[J].Oil & Gas Geology,1990,11(4):34-41.
[7] 程涛,康洪全,白博,等.巴西桑托斯盆地盐下湖相碳酸盐岩勘探关键技术及其应用[J].中国海上油气,2018,30(4):27-35.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2018.04.004.CHENG Tao,KANG Hongquan,BAI Bo,et al.Key technologies and their application in exploration of pre-salt lacustrine carbonate rock in Santos basin,Brazil[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2018,30(4):27-35.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2018.04.004.
[8] 董艳蕾,朱筱敏,滑双君,等.黄骅坳陷沙河街组一段下亚段混合沉积成因类型及演化模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(1):98-107.DONG Yanlei,ZHU Xiaomin,HUA Shuangjun,et al.Genetic types and evolutionary model of mixed clastic carbonate deposits in the lower part of the Sha-1 Formation,the Huanghua Depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2011,32(1):98-107.
[9] MOUNT J F.Mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sediments a proposed first-order textural and compositional classification[J].Sedimentology,1985,32 (3):435-442.
[10] 代黎明,徐长贵,王清斌,等.石臼坨凸起西部陡坡带古物源差异演化模式及其对储层的控制作用[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(4):51-59.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.006.DAI Liming,XU Changgui,WANG Qingbin,et al.Difference of provenance evolution mode and its impact on reservoir in the western steep slope zone of Shijiutuo uplift,Bohai sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(4):51-59.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.006.
[11] 王冠民,鹿洪友,姜在兴.惠民凹陷商河地区沙一段碳酸盐岩沉积特征[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(4):1-4.WANG Guanmin,LU Hongyou,JIANG Zaixing.Sedimentary characters of carbonate rock of Shahejie Formation in Shanghe area of Huimin sag[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China (Edition of Natural Science),2002,26(4):1-4.
[12] 王冠民,林国松.济阳坳陷古近纪的古气候区分析[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2012,31(5):505-509.WANG Guanmin,LIN Guosong.Eogene paleoclimate zone study in the Jiyang Depression[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Ueochemistry,2012,31(5):505-509.
[13] HALFAR J,INGLE J C,GODINEZ-ORTA L.Modern non-tropical mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediments and environments of the southwestern Gulf of California,Mexico[J].Sedimentary Geology,2004,165:93-115.
[14] 项华,徐长贵.渤海海域古近系隐蔽油气藏层序地层学特征[J].石油学报,2006,27(2):11-15.XIANG Hua,XU Changgui.Sequence stratigraphic characteristics of subtle oil-gas pool in the Palaeogene of Bohai Sea area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(2):11-15.
[15] 宋国奇,王廷章,石小虎,等.东营沙四段古盐度对碳酸盐岩沉积的控制作用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(2):8-14.SONG Guoqi,WANG Tingzhang,SHI Xiaohu,et al.Palaeosalinity and its controlling on the development of beach and bar in lake facies[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Natural Science Edition),2013,35(2):8-14.
[16] 赵澄林.油区岩相古地理[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2001:295-311.
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