DFIG高电压穿越暂态特性分析及控制策略改进
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摘要
为了研究双馈感应风力发电机(DFIG)的高电压穿越特性,以DFIG数学模型为基础,对基于无源阻尼保护下的DFIG暂态特性进行研究,采用求解状态方程特征根的方法分析了定转子故障分量随限流电阻阻值增加时的变化规律。基于无源阻尼控制能够有效抑制电网电压骤升时转子电流和电磁转矩的冲击,但由于定转子间耦合作用的加强,导致转子控制电压过高;为此,在无源阻尼保护的基础上对转子侧换流器进行控制策略改进,将反映电流耦合及定子磁链变化的附加量加入功率指令值,以减小转子电压。仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性,基于无源阻尼与改进控制策略相结合的HVRT方式,在抑制转子过电流的同时并不以增加转子控制电压为代价,提高了DFIG的高电压穿越性能。
In order to explore the high voltage ride through characteristics of double fed induction generator( DFIG),this paper studies DFIG transient characteristics based on passive damping under the DFIG mathematical model. By analyzing the characteristic roots of the state equation,the variation law of the stator and rotor fault components with the resistance of the current limiting resistor was studied. Passive damping control can effectively suppress the rise of the grid voltage when the rotor current and electromagnetic torque impact,but the strengthening coupling between the stator and rotor,results in rotor control voltage being too high. Therefore,on the basis of passive damping protection,the control strategy of rotor side converter was improved,and the additional value of current coupling and stator flux change was added into the power order value to reduce the rotor voltage. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Based on the combination of passive damping and improved control strategy,the method can improve the high voltage ride through performance of DFIG at the expense of increasing the rotor control voltage while suppressing the rotor overcurrent.
In order to explore the high voltage ride through characteristics of double fed induction generator( DFIG),this paper studies DFIG transient characteristics based on passive damping under the DFIG mathematical model. By analyzing the characteristic roots of the state equation,the variation law of the stator and rotor fault components with the resistance of the current limiting resistor was studied. Passive damping control can effectively suppress the rise of the grid voltage when the rotor current and electromagnetic torque impact,but the strengthening coupling between the stator and rotor,results in rotor control voltage being too high. Therefore,on the basis of passive damping protection,the control strategy of rotor side converter was improved,and the additional value of current coupling and stator flux change was added into the power order value to reduce the rotor voltage. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Based on the combination of passive damping and improved control strategy,the method can improve the high voltage ride through performance of DFIG at the expense of increasing the rotor control voltage while suppressing the rotor overcurrent.
引文
[1]熊小伏,欧阳金鑫.电网短路时双馈感应发电机转子电流的分析与计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(28):115.XIONG Xiaofu,OUYANG Jinxin. Analysis and calculation of rotorcurrents for doubly-fed Induction generators under short circuits inpower grids[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(28):115.
[2]栗然,李增辉,王义贺,等.电网短路故障下DFIG的电磁特性研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(10):13.LI Ran,LI Zenghui,WANG Yihe,et al. Studies on electromag-netic characteristics of DFIG under short-circuit faults of the grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(10):13.
[3]贺益康,胡家兵.双馈异步风力发电机并网运行中的几个热点问题[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(27):1.HE Yikang,HU Jiabing. Several hot-spot issues associated withthe grid-connected operations of wind-turbine driven doubly fed in-duction generators[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012, 32(27):1.
[4] WEISE B. Impact of K-factor and active current reduction duringfault-ride-through of generating units connected via voltage-sourcedconverters on power system stability[J]. IET Renewable PowerGeneration,2015,9(1):25.
[5]刘璐,耿华,马少康,等.低电压穿越过程中DFIG型风电场同步稳定及无功电流控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(10):1.LIU Lu,GENG Hua,MA Shaokang,et al. Synchronization stabil-ity and reactive current control method of DFIG wind farm duringlow voltage ride through[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(10):1.
[6]徐玉琴,曹璐璐.双馈感应风力发电机暂态特性分析及Crow-bar阻值优化[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(4):93.XU Yuqin,CAO Lulu. Transient characteristics analysis of doublyfed induction generator and resistance optimization of Crowbar cir-cuit[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2017,32(4):93.
[7]毕天姝,刘素梅,薛安成,等.具有低电压穿越能力的双馈风电机组故障暂态特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(2):26.BI Tianshu,LIU Sumei,XUE Ancheng,et al. Fault analysis ofdoubly fed induction generator wind turbines with low-voltage ride-through capability[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(2):26.
[8]王勇,张纯江,柴秀慧,等.电网电压跌落情况下双馈风力发电机电磁过渡过程及控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(12):14.WANG Yong,ZHANG Chunjiang,CHAI Xiuhui,et al. Electro-magnetic transient process and control strategy for doubly-fed windpower generator under grid voltage dip[J]. Transactions of ChinaElectro-technical Society,2011,26(12):14.
[9]尹俊,毕天姝,薛安成,等.计及低电压穿越控制的双馈风力发电机组短路电流特性与故障分析方法研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(23):116.YIN Jun,BI Tianshu,XUE Ancheng,et al. Study on short circuitcurrent and fault analysis method of double fed induction generatorwith low voltage ride-through control strategy[J]. Transactions ofChina Electro-technical Society,2015,30(23):116.
[10] BABAEI E,NAZARLOO A,HOSSEINI S H. Application offlexible control methods for D-STATCOM in mitigating voltagesagsand swells[C]//IEEE IPEC,June 20,2010,Japan,Hok-kaido,2010:590-595.
[11] MOHSENI M. ISLAM S M. Transient control of DFIG basedwind power plants in compliance with the Australian grid code[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(6):2813.
[12]许建兵,江全元,石庆均,等.基于储能型DVR的双馈风电机组电压穿越协调控制[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(4):14.XU Jianbing,JIANG Quanyuan,SHI Qingjun. Coordinated con-trol of voltage ride through fou DFIG wind turbine systems usingenergy-based DVR[J]. Automation of Electrical Power System,2013,37(4):14.
[13]谢震,张兴,宋海华,等.电网电压骤升故障下双馈风力发电机变阻尼控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(3):39.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,SONG Haihua,et al. Variable damp-ing based control strategy of doubly fed induction generator basedwind turbines under grid voltage swell[J]. Automation of Elec-trical Power System,2012,36(3):39.
[14]谢震,张兴,杨淑英,等.基于虚拟阻抗的双馈风力发电机高电压穿越控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(27):16.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,YANG Shuying,et al. High voltageride-through control strategy of doubly fed induction wind genera-tors based on virtual impedance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(27):16.
[15]李俊杰,蒋昆,刘国平,等.采用串联网侧变换器的双馈风电系统高电压穿越控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(11):3037.LI Junjie,JIANG Kun,LIU Guoping,et al. High voltage ride-through control Strategy of doubly-fed induction generator basedwind turbines with a series grid-side converter[J]. Power SystemTechnology,2014,38(11):3037.
[16]徐海亮,章玮,陈建生,等.考虑动态无功支撑双馈风电机组高电压穿越控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(36):112.XU Hailiang,ZHANG Wei,CHEN Jiansheng. A high-voltageride-through control strategy for DFIG based wind turbines consid-ering dynamic Reactive Power Support[J]. Proceedings of theCSEE,2013,33(36):112.
[17]孔祥平,张哲,尹项根,等.计及撬棒保护影响的双馈风力发电机组故障电流特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):1.KONG Xiangping,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al. Study offault current characteristics of DFIG considering impact of Crow-bar protection[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Socie-ty,2015,30(8):1.
[18]欧阳金鑫,熊小伏,张涵轶.并网双馈风电机组在电网短路时的特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(22):17.OUYANG Jinxin,XIONG Xiaofu,ZHANG Hanyi. Characteris-tics of DFIG-based wind generation under grid short circuit[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(22):17.
[19]孟永庆,翁钰,王锡凡,等.双馈感应发电机暂态性能精确计算及Crowbar电路参数优化[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(8):23.MENG Yongqing,WENG Yu,WANG Xifan,et al. Accuratecalculation of DFIG transient performance and parameters optimi-zation of Crowbar circuit[J]. Automation of Electric Power Sys-tems,2014,38(8):23.
[20]郑重,杨耕,耿华.电网故障下基于撬棒保护的双馈风电机组短路电流分析[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(11):7.ZHENG Zhong,YANG Geng,GENG Hua. Short-circuit currentanalysis for DFIG-based wind generation system with crowbar pro-tection under grid faults[J]. Electric Power Automation Equip-ment,2012,32(11):7.
[21]李少林,王伟胜,王瑞明,等.双馈风电机组高电压穿越控制策略与试验[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(16):76.LI Shaolin,WANG Weisheng,WANG Ruiming,et al. Controlstrategy and experiment of high voltage ride through for double-based wind turbines[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(16):76.
[2]栗然,李增辉,王义贺,等.电网短路故障下DFIG的电磁特性研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(10):13.LI Ran,LI Zenghui,WANG Yihe,et al. Studies on electromag-netic characteristics of DFIG under short-circuit faults of the grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(10):13.
[3]贺益康,胡家兵.双馈异步风力发电机并网运行中的几个热点问题[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(27):1.HE Yikang,HU Jiabing. Several hot-spot issues associated withthe grid-connected operations of wind-turbine driven doubly fed in-duction generators[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012, 32(27):1.
[4] WEISE B. Impact of K-factor and active current reduction duringfault-ride-through of generating units connected via voltage-sourcedconverters on power system stability[J]. IET Renewable PowerGeneration,2015,9(1):25.
[5]刘璐,耿华,马少康,等.低电压穿越过程中DFIG型风电场同步稳定及无功电流控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(10):1.LIU Lu,GENG Hua,MA Shaokang,et al. Synchronization stabil-ity and reactive current control method of DFIG wind farm duringlow voltage ride through[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(10):1.
[6]徐玉琴,曹璐璐.双馈感应风力发电机暂态特性分析及Crow-bar阻值优化[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(4):93.XU Yuqin,CAO Lulu. Transient characteristics analysis of doublyfed induction generator and resistance optimization of Crowbar cir-cuit[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2017,32(4):93.
[7]毕天姝,刘素梅,薛安成,等.具有低电压穿越能力的双馈风电机组故障暂态特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(2):26.BI Tianshu,LIU Sumei,XUE Ancheng,et al. Fault analysis ofdoubly fed induction generator wind turbines with low-voltage ride-through capability[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(2):26.
[8]王勇,张纯江,柴秀慧,等.电网电压跌落情况下双馈风力发电机电磁过渡过程及控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(12):14.WANG Yong,ZHANG Chunjiang,CHAI Xiuhui,et al. Electro-magnetic transient process and control strategy for doubly-fed windpower generator under grid voltage dip[J]. Transactions of ChinaElectro-technical Society,2011,26(12):14.
[9]尹俊,毕天姝,薛安成,等.计及低电压穿越控制的双馈风力发电机组短路电流特性与故障分析方法研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(23):116.YIN Jun,BI Tianshu,XUE Ancheng,et al. Study on short circuitcurrent and fault analysis method of double fed induction generatorwith low voltage ride-through control strategy[J]. Transactions ofChina Electro-technical Society,2015,30(23):116.
[10] BABAEI E,NAZARLOO A,HOSSEINI S H. Application offlexible control methods for D-STATCOM in mitigating voltagesagsand swells[C]//IEEE IPEC,June 20,2010,Japan,Hok-kaido,2010:590-595.
[11] MOHSENI M. ISLAM S M. Transient control of DFIG basedwind power plants in compliance with the Australian grid code[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(6):2813.
[12]许建兵,江全元,石庆均,等.基于储能型DVR的双馈风电机组电压穿越协调控制[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(4):14.XU Jianbing,JIANG Quanyuan,SHI Qingjun. Coordinated con-trol of voltage ride through fou DFIG wind turbine systems usingenergy-based DVR[J]. Automation of Electrical Power System,2013,37(4):14.
[13]谢震,张兴,宋海华,等.电网电压骤升故障下双馈风力发电机变阻尼控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(3):39.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,SONG Haihua,et al. Variable damp-ing based control strategy of doubly fed induction generator basedwind turbines under grid voltage swell[J]. Automation of Elec-trical Power System,2012,36(3):39.
[14]谢震,张兴,杨淑英,等.基于虚拟阻抗的双馈风力发电机高电压穿越控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(27):16.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,YANG Shuying,et al. High voltageride-through control strategy of doubly fed induction wind genera-tors based on virtual impedance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(27):16.
[15]李俊杰,蒋昆,刘国平,等.采用串联网侧变换器的双馈风电系统高电压穿越控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(11):3037.LI Junjie,JIANG Kun,LIU Guoping,et al. High voltage ride-through control Strategy of doubly-fed induction generator basedwind turbines with a series grid-side converter[J]. Power SystemTechnology,2014,38(11):3037.
[16]徐海亮,章玮,陈建生,等.考虑动态无功支撑双馈风电机组高电压穿越控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(36):112.XU Hailiang,ZHANG Wei,CHEN Jiansheng. A high-voltageride-through control strategy for DFIG based wind turbines consid-ering dynamic Reactive Power Support[J]. Proceedings of theCSEE,2013,33(36):112.
[17]孔祥平,张哲,尹项根,等.计及撬棒保护影响的双馈风力发电机组故障电流特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):1.KONG Xiangping,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al. Study offault current characteristics of DFIG considering impact of Crow-bar protection[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Socie-ty,2015,30(8):1.
[18]欧阳金鑫,熊小伏,张涵轶.并网双馈风电机组在电网短路时的特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(22):17.OUYANG Jinxin,XIONG Xiaofu,ZHANG Hanyi. Characteris-tics of DFIG-based wind generation under grid short circuit[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(22):17.
[19]孟永庆,翁钰,王锡凡,等.双馈感应发电机暂态性能精确计算及Crowbar电路参数优化[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(8):23.MENG Yongqing,WENG Yu,WANG Xifan,et al. Accuratecalculation of DFIG transient performance and parameters optimi-zation of Crowbar circuit[J]. Automation of Electric Power Sys-tems,2014,38(8):23.
[20]郑重,杨耕,耿华.电网故障下基于撬棒保护的双馈风电机组短路电流分析[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(11):7.ZHENG Zhong,YANG Geng,GENG Hua. Short-circuit currentanalysis for DFIG-based wind generation system with crowbar pro-tection under grid faults[J]. Electric Power Automation Equip-ment,2012,32(11):7.
[21]李少林,王伟胜,王瑞明,等.双馈风电机组高电压穿越控制策略与试验[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(16):76.LI Shaolin,WANG Weisheng,WANG Ruiming,et al. Controlstrategy and experiment of high voltage ride through for double-based wind turbines[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(16):76.
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