暂态低频高压驱动的直流馈入电网减负荷紧急轮配置方案
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摘要
针对相控换流式直流(LCC-HVDC)闭锁扰动下受端电网的低频控制问题,考虑事件发生后固定暂态响应模式,提出一种基于事件特征驱动的减负荷紧急轮配置方案。首先推导了LCCHVDC闭锁故障时刻受端电网频率和电压的变化规律,然后分析了延迟联切换流站无功补偿装置造成的低频高压现象。接着采用灰色关联分析方法提取电压信息,并结合初始频率变化率,利用k-近邻算法匹配动作方案。在传统低频减载的基础上,附加紧急轮以应对LCC-HVDC闭锁故障,由就地监测的低频高压特征驱动,实时匹配决策表以切除故障区域负荷。最后以某省级电网为例,对所提出方法的有效性进行了验证。
In view of the under-frequency control problems of receiving-end power grid subjected to blocking faults of linecommutated converter-based high-voltage direct current(LCC-HVDC),a feature-driven scheme of emergency load shedding is proposed by taking into account the regular response pattern after the faults occur.The changing rule of frequency and voltage at the instant of LCC-HVDC blocking fault is derived,and the low-frequency and high-voltage feature caused by time-delay inter-tripping of reactive power compensation devices is analyzed.Moreover,the partial voltage characteristics are extracted by grey correlation analysis,and the initial changing rate of frequency is used to match the action scheme by k-nearest neighbor algorithm.On the basis of the traditional under-frequency load shedding scheme,an emergency load shedding stage is added to deal with the LCC-HVDC blocking fault,and the local-monitored low-frequency and high-voltage feature is used as the operation criterion,and is adopted to match the decision table in real time to cut off the load of fault areas.Finally,aprovincial power grid is taken as a case to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
In view of the under-frequency control problems of receiving-end power grid subjected to blocking faults of linecommutated converter-based high-voltage direct current(LCC-HVDC),a feature-driven scheme of emergency load shedding is proposed by taking into account the regular response pattern after the faults occur.The changing rule of frequency and voltage at the instant of LCC-HVDC blocking fault is derived,and the low-frequency and high-voltage feature caused by time-delay inter-tripping of reactive power compensation devices is analyzed.Moreover,the partial voltage characteristics are extracted by grey correlation analysis,and the initial changing rate of frequency is used to match the action scheme by k-nearest neighbor algorithm.On the basis of the traditional under-frequency load shedding scheme,an emergency load shedding stage is added to deal with the LCC-HVDC blocking fault,and the local-monitored low-frequency and high-voltage feature is used as the operation criterion,and is adopted to match the decision table in real time to cut off the load of fault areas.Finally,aprovincial power grid is taken as a case to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
引文
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[9]陈庆,周海强,朱斌,等.协调经济性及事故评级的紧急减负荷控制优化方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1044-1050.CHEN Qing,ZHOU Haiqiang,ZHU Bin,et al.Coordinated emergency load shedding control optimization algorithm for economic cost and accident assessment[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1044-1050.
[10]李兆伟,刘福锁,崔晓丹,等.计及电力安全事故风险的电网动态分区与切负荷协调控制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):35-40.LI Zhaowei,LIU Fusuo,CUI Xiaodan,et al.Coordinate control study for dynamic division and load shedding considering electrical security accident risk[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):35-40.
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[12]熊小伏,周永忠,周家启.计及负荷频率特性的低频减载方案研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):48-51.XIONG Xiaofu,ZHOU Yongzhong,ZHOU Jiaqi.Study of underfrequency load shedding scheme based on load frequency characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(19):48-51.
[13]TERZIJA V V.Adaptive underfrequency load shedding based on the magnitude of the disturbance estimation[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2006,21(3):1260-1266.
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[16]王达,薛禹胜,徐泰山.故障驱动切负荷和轨迹驱动切负荷的协调优化[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(13):1-6.WANG Da,XUE Yusheng,XU Taishan.Optimization and coordination of fault-driven load shedding and trajectory-driven load shedding[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(13):1-6.
[17]任先成,薛禹胜,WU Q H,等.低频低压切负荷布点及轮次的优化与协调[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(11):1-7.REN Xiancheng,XUE Yusheng,WU Q H,et al.Optimization and coordination of UF/UVLS placement and multi-step load shedding[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(11):1-7.
[18]张恒旭,李常刚,刘玉田,等.电力系统动态频率分析与应用研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(11):169-176.ZHANG Hengxu,LI Changgang,LIU Yutian,et al.Reviews on power system dynamic frequency analysis and its application[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(11):169-176.
[19]刘彦呈,王川,魏一.电力系统大扰动下暂态电压稳定的动态特征分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(10):11-17.LIU Yancheng,WANG Chuan,WEI Yi.Dynamic eigen analysis of transient voltage stability under large disturbance for power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(10):11-17.
[20]张志强,袁荣湘,徐友平,等.适应多回特高压直流的四川电网高频切机优化[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(2):141-146.ZHANG Zhiqiang,YUAN Rongxiang,XU Youping,et al.Optimization of over-frequency generator-tripping scheme in Sichuan power grid adaptable to multi-UHVDC transmission project[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(2):141-146.
[21]邵瑶,汤涌,郭小江,等.多直流馈入华东受端电网暂态电压稳定性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(12):50-55.SHAO Yao,TANG Yong,GUO Xiaojiang,et al.Transient voltage stability analysis of East China receiving-end power grid with multi-infeed HVDC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(12):50-55.
[22]罗毅,周创立,刘向杰.多层次灰色关联分析法在火电机组运行评价中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(17):97-103.LUO Yi,ZHOU Chuangli,LIU Xiangjie.Application of the multi-level grey relational analysis method in operation assessment of thermal power units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(17):97-103.
[23]HAN J,KAMBER M,PEI J.Data mining:concepts and techniques[M].Boston:Morgan Kaufmann,2012.
[2]刘振亚,张启平.国家电网发展模式研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(7):1-10.LIU Zhenya,ZHANG Qiping.Study on the development mode of national power grid of China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(7):1-10.
[3]汤涌.基于响应的电力系统广域安全稳定控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5041-5050.TANG Yong.Response-based wide area control for power system security and stability[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(29):5041-5050.
[4]张恒旭,刘玉田.电力系统动态频率响应时空分布特征量化描述[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(7):64-70.ZHANG Hengxu,LIU Yutian.Quantitative description of space-time distribution features of dynamic frequency responses[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(7):64-70.
[5]许涛,励刚,于钊,等.多直流馈入受端电网频率紧急协调控制系统设计与应用[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):98-104.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160826007.XU Tao,LI Gang,YU Zhao,et al.Design and application of emergency coordination control system for multi-infeed HVDCreceiving-end system coping with frequency stability problem[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):98-104.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160826007.
[6]李德胜,罗剑波.特高压直流配套安全稳定控制系统的典型设计[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(14):151-157.LI Desheng,LUO Jianbo.Typical design of security and stability control system for UHVDC transmission[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(14):151-157.
[7]尹积军.支持特高压互联电网安全运行的供需友好互动技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5715-5723.YIN Jijun.Research on load friendly interactive technology for safe operation of UHV interconnected power grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5715-5723.
[8]续昕,张恒旭,李常刚,等.基于轨迹灵敏度的紧急切负荷优化算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):143-148.XU Xin,ZHANG Hengxu,LI Changgang,et al.Emergency load shedding optimization algorithm based on trajectory sensitivity[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):143-148.
[9]陈庆,周海强,朱斌,等.协调经济性及事故评级的紧急减负荷控制优化方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1044-1050.CHEN Qing,ZHOU Haiqiang,ZHU Bin,et al.Coordinated emergency load shedding control optimization algorithm for economic cost and accident assessment[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1044-1050.
[10]李兆伟,刘福锁,崔晓丹,等.计及电力安全事故风险的电网动态分区与切负荷协调控制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):35-40.LI Zhaowei,LIU Fusuo,CUI Xiaodan,et al.Coordinate control study for dynamic division and load shedding considering electrical security accident risk[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):35-40.
[11]胡益,王晓茹,滕予非,等.特高压直流闭锁后的交直流混联受端电网最优切负荷方案[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(22):98-106.DOI:10.7500/AEPS 20171013004.HU Yi,WANG Xiaoru,TENG Yufei,et al.Optimal load shedding scheme for AC/DC hybrid receiving-end power grid after UHVDC blocking[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(22):98-106.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171013004.
[12]熊小伏,周永忠,周家启.计及负荷频率特性的低频减载方案研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):48-51.XIONG Xiaofu,ZHOU Yongzhong,ZHOU Jiaqi.Study of underfrequency load shedding scheme based on load frequency characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(19):48-51.
[13]TERZIJA V V.Adaptive underfrequency load shedding based on the magnitude of the disturbance estimation[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2006,21(3):1260-1266.
[14]FORD J J,BEVRANI H,LEDWICH G.Adaptive load shedding and regional protection[J].International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems,2009,31(10):611-618.
[15]孙毅,李泽坤,刘迪,等.可控负荷参与低频减载的动态集群优化控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(7):1913-1921.SUN Yi,LI Zekun,LIU Di,et al.An optimization control strategy for intelligent UFLS using dynamically aggregated controllable loads[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(7):1913-1921.
[16]王达,薛禹胜,徐泰山.故障驱动切负荷和轨迹驱动切负荷的协调优化[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(13):1-6.WANG Da,XUE Yusheng,XU Taishan.Optimization and coordination of fault-driven load shedding and trajectory-driven load shedding[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(13):1-6.
[17]任先成,薛禹胜,WU Q H,等.低频低压切负荷布点及轮次的优化与协调[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(11):1-7.REN Xiancheng,XUE Yusheng,WU Q H,et al.Optimization and coordination of UF/UVLS placement and multi-step load shedding[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(11):1-7.
[18]张恒旭,李常刚,刘玉田,等.电力系统动态频率分析与应用研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(11):169-176.ZHANG Hengxu,LI Changgang,LIU Yutian,et al.Reviews on power system dynamic frequency analysis and its application[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(11):169-176.
[19]刘彦呈,王川,魏一.电力系统大扰动下暂态电压稳定的动态特征分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(10):11-17.LIU Yancheng,WANG Chuan,WEI Yi.Dynamic eigen analysis of transient voltage stability under large disturbance for power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(10):11-17.
[20]张志强,袁荣湘,徐友平,等.适应多回特高压直流的四川电网高频切机优化[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(2):141-146.ZHANG Zhiqiang,YUAN Rongxiang,XU Youping,et al.Optimization of over-frequency generator-tripping scheme in Sichuan power grid adaptable to multi-UHVDC transmission project[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(2):141-146.
[21]邵瑶,汤涌,郭小江,等.多直流馈入华东受端电网暂态电压稳定性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(12):50-55.SHAO Yao,TANG Yong,GUO Xiaojiang,et al.Transient voltage stability analysis of East China receiving-end power grid with multi-infeed HVDC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(12):50-55.
[22]罗毅,周创立,刘向杰.多层次灰色关联分析法在火电机组运行评价中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(17):97-103.LUO Yi,ZHOU Chuangli,LIU Xiangjie.Application of the multi-level grey relational analysis method in operation assessment of thermal power units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(17):97-103.
[23]HAN J,KAMBER M,PEI J.Data mining:concepts and techniques[M].Boston:Morgan Kaufmann,2012.
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