川东南深层震旦系灯影组油气勘探前景
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摘要
综合分析川东南地区深层油气地质条件,探讨该地区上震旦统灯影组油气勘探前景。利用钻井、地震及露头资料,结合静态油气成藏条件进行动态油气成藏研究,结果表明:从烃源角度,川东南地区具备了形成大油气田的物质基础;储层方面,灯影组顶部均有岩溶储层发育,且储层内可见沥青充填,说明早期确有成藏;封盖条件方面,川南至川东一带中上寒武统膏盐岩十分发育,是良好的区域性盖层。研究区形成的圈闭受后期构造变动发生变化,自身封存条件改变,闭合面积减小;并且该地区靠近盆地边缘,隆升幅度大,油气的再次运移和侧向逸散情况严重。在盆地内侧,灯影组在寒武系膏盐层下的构造变化较小,圈闭形成早且持续存在,古构造保持较完整,可以有效并长期聚集油气,具有一定的勘探价值。川东南下组合虽然勘探难度大,但毗邻拉张槽的赤水地区仍有较大的勘探潜力。
The geological conditions of deep oil and gas reservoir of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the southeastern Sichuan Basin are comprehensively analyzed and its exploration prospects are discussed based on the data of drilling wells, seismic profiles and field outcrops, along with the research of combination of static hydrocarbon accumulation conditions with dynamic hydrocarbon accumulation conditions. It shows that the hydrocarbon sources in the southeastern Sichuan Basin provide basic material for the formation of large scale oil and gas field. In fact, karst reservoir develops in the upper part of the Dengying Formation with asphalt present in the reservoir, indicating the early hydrocarbon accumulation. Meanwhile, gypsum salt rocks of Middle-Upper Cambrian are well developed in the south and east Sichuan Basin, these rocks act as regional cap layers for the preservation of reservoir. It reveals that the original oil and gas trap in the area have changed duo to late structural deformation and made the trapped area decrease. The studied area is close to the basin margin with obvious uplift amplitude, which leads to the remigration and lateral dissipation of oil and gas. In the inner side of the basin, there is little structural disturbance in the Dengying Formation and the early formed trapping exists persistently, and the paleo-structure remains relatively intact. Therefore, the trapping structures may accumulate oil and gas effectively and chronically. It is considered that although the exploration of oil and gas in the lower part of the Dengying Formation in southeast Sichuan Basin is difficult, the Chishui area adjacent to the aulacogen still has exploration potential.
The geological conditions of deep oil and gas reservoir of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the southeastern Sichuan Basin are comprehensively analyzed and its exploration prospects are discussed based on the data of drilling wells, seismic profiles and field outcrops, along with the research of combination of static hydrocarbon accumulation conditions with dynamic hydrocarbon accumulation conditions. It shows that the hydrocarbon sources in the southeastern Sichuan Basin provide basic material for the formation of large scale oil and gas field. In fact, karst reservoir develops in the upper part of the Dengying Formation with asphalt present in the reservoir, indicating the early hydrocarbon accumulation. Meanwhile, gypsum salt rocks of Middle-Upper Cambrian are well developed in the south and east Sichuan Basin, these rocks act as regional cap layers for the preservation of reservoir. It reveals that the original oil and gas trap in the area have changed duo to late structural deformation and made the trapped area decrease. The studied area is close to the basin margin with obvious uplift amplitude, which leads to the remigration and lateral dissipation of oil and gas. In the inner side of the basin, there is little structural disturbance in the Dengying Formation and the early formed trapping exists persistently, and the paleo-structure remains relatively intact. Therefore, the trapping structures may accumulate oil and gas effectively and chronically. It is considered that although the exploration of oil and gas in the lower part of the Dengying Formation in southeast Sichuan Basin is difficult, the Chishui area adjacent to the aulacogen still has exploration potential.
引文
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[9]魏国齐,沈平,杨威,等.四川盆地震旦系大气田形成条件与勘探远景区[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):129-138.Wei G Q, Shen P, Yang W, et al. Formation conditions and exploration prospects of Sinian large gas fields, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2013, 40(2): 129-138. (in Chinese)
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[11] 蔡勋育,朱扬明.川东南官渡构造中侏罗统原油地球化学特征及油源[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(4):380-385.Cai X Y, Zhu Y M. Geochemical characteristics and source of Middle Jurassic oil from Guandu Structure in the Southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2006, 28(4): 380-385. (in Chinese)
[12] 王兰生,邹春艳,郑平,等.四川盆地下古生界存在页岩气的地球化学依据[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):59-62.Wang L S, Zou C Y, Zheng P, et al. Geochemical evidence of shale gas existed in the Lower Paleozoic Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2009, 29(5): 59-62. (in Chinese)
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