渤海湾盆地石臼坨凸起潜山油气来源及成藏充注过程
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摘要
探讨渤海湾盆地石臼坨凸起潜山储层的成藏过程与成藏机理。运用流体包裹体技术,结合油-源抽提物及生物标志化合物等有机地球化学特征,对油气来源、成藏过程及成藏机理进行研究。石臼坨凸起主体原油表现为混源油特征,为渤中凹陷供油,存在一定的生物降解;428构造带北侧原油主要来自秦南凹陷沙三段及沙一段烃源岩;427构造带及428构造带南侧原油主要来自渤中凹陷沙三段及沙一段烃源岩。包裹体镜下特征、均一温度及盐度表明,428E/W构造带潜山储层在前古近系存在油气充注过程,而在古近系烃源岩成熟以后,潜山储层又经历了油气充注过程,对应充注时间为3 Ma B.P.。该区油气来源丰富,晚期大量油气快速充注潜山储层,具有较高的勘探开发价值。但成藏过程复杂,基于潜山结构特征、供烃模式及输导体系划分为"三层侵蚀双源复式输导晚期型"和"双层单源复式输导晚期型"2种成藏模式。
The process and mechanism of reservoir formation of the buried hill in Shijiutuo uplift are studied by application of fluid inclusion technology and organic geochemical characteristics of oil-source extraction and biomarkers. It reveals that the main crude oil of Shijiutuo uplift possesses characteristics of mixed source oil with certain biodegradation and the oil mainly supplies for the Bozhong sag. The crude oil on the north side of the 428 structural belt mainly comes from the mixed contribution of Shahejie Member 3(Es~3) and Shahejie Member 1(Es~1) source rocks in Qinnan sag, and the crude oil on the south of 427 structural belt and 428 structural belt mainly comes from the mixed contribution of Es~3 and Es~1 source rocks in Bozhong sag. The microscopic characteristics of inclusion, uniform temperature and salinity indicate that the buried hill reservoir in the 428 E/W structural belt experienced a process of oil and gas filling in the pre-Paleogene and after the Paleogene source rocks became mature, the buried hill reservoir once again subjected a process of oil and gas filling with the corresponding filling time of 3 Ma B.P. It is considered that this area is rich in oil and gas resources, and a large amount of oil and gas were rapidly injected to the buried hill reservoir in the late stage with complex process of reservoir formation. Based on the structural characteristics of buried hill, hydrocarbon supply pattern and conduction system, two reservoir formation models are proposed. One is the late stage double-source complex conduction with three-layer erosion; the other is late stage double-layer single-source complex conduction.
The process and mechanism of reservoir formation of the buried hill in Shijiutuo uplift are studied by application of fluid inclusion technology and organic geochemical characteristics of oil-source extraction and biomarkers. It reveals that the main crude oil of Shijiutuo uplift possesses characteristics of mixed source oil with certain biodegradation and the oil mainly supplies for the Bozhong sag. The crude oil on the north side of the 428 structural belt mainly comes from the mixed contribution of Shahejie Member 3(Es~3) and Shahejie Member 1(Es~1) source rocks in Qinnan sag, and the crude oil on the south of 427 structural belt and 428 structural belt mainly comes from the mixed contribution of Es~3 and Es~1 source rocks in Bozhong sag. The microscopic characteristics of inclusion, uniform temperature and salinity indicate that the buried hill reservoir in the 428 E/W structural belt experienced a process of oil and gas filling in the pre-Paleogene and after the Paleogene source rocks became mature, the buried hill reservoir once again subjected a process of oil and gas filling with the corresponding filling time of 3 Ma B.P. It is considered that this area is rich in oil and gas resources, and a large amount of oil and gas were rapidly injected to the buried hill reservoir in the late stage with complex process of reservoir formation. Based on the structural characteristics of buried hill, hydrocarbon supply pattern and conduction system, two reservoir formation models are proposed. One is the late stage double-source complex conduction with three-layer erosion; the other is late stage double-layer single-source complex conduction.
引文
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[18] 刘小洪,冯明友,罗静兰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地乌审召地区盒8、山1段储层流体包裹体特征及其意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(3):360-366.Liu X H, Feng M Y, Luo J L, et al. Characteristics of fluid inclusions in reservoirs in the eighth member of the Shihezi Formation and the first member of the Shanxi Formation in Uxin Ju area, the Ordos Basin and their significance[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2010, 31(3): 360-366. (in Chinese)
[19] 郝芳,邹华耀,杨旭升,等.油气幕式成藏及其驱动机制和识别标志[J].地质科学,2003,38(3):403-412.Hao F, Zou H Y, Yang X S, et al. Episodic petroleum accumulation, its driving mechanisms and distinguishing markers[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2003, 38(3): 403-412. (in Chinese)
[2] 王应斌,薛永安,王广源,等.渤海海域石臼坨凸起浅层油气成藏特征及勘探启示[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(2):8-16.Wang Y B, Xue Y A, Wang G Y, et al. Shallow layer hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and their exploration significances in Shijiutuo uplift, Bohai Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2015, 27(2): 8-16. (in Chinese)
[3] 牛成民,杜晓峰,邹华耀,等.渤海海域石臼坨凸起油气输导体系与运聚模式[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(3):44-49.Niu C M, Du X F, Zou H Y, et al. Hydrocarbon transportation system and migration-accumulation pattern in Shijiutuo uplift, Bohai Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2016, 28(3): 44-49. (in Chinese)
[4] 石文龙,赖维成,魏刚,等.渤海428构造围斜坡区构造-岩性油气藏成藏规律与勘探潜力分析[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(2):22-26.Shi W L, Lai W C, Wei G, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation regulation exploration potential analysis of structural-lithologic reservoir in slope zone of structure 428, Bohai Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2012, 17(2): 22-26. (in Chinese)
[5] Peters K E, Walters C C, Moldowan J M. The Biomarker Guide: Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments (second edition) [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
[6] 王铁冠,钟宁宁,侯读杰.低熟油气形成机理与分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995: 1-4, 148-151.Wang T G, Zhong N N, Hou D J. Genetic Mechanism and Occurrence of Immature Hydrocarbon[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Pres,1995: 1-4, 148-151. (in Chinese)
[7] 王军,郭永华,李建平,等.根据原油成熟度参数确定排烃门限的新方法——基于渤海海域莱州湾凹陷KL6D构造区烃源岩评价与油源对比[J].中国海上油气,2012,24(4):20-24.Wang J, Guo Y H, Li J P, et al. A new method to determine hydrocarbon-expulsion threshold by an oil maturity parameter: Base on the source rock evaluation and oil-source correlation in KL6D structure, Laizhou Bay sag, Bohai Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2012, 24(4), 20-24. (in Chinese)
[8] 牛子铖,柳广弟,曹喆,等.银额盆地查干凹陷油藏特征及油气成藏过程[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(1):32-39.Niu Z C, Liu G D, Cao Z, et al. Reservoir characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation in Chagan Sag, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2016, 38(1): 32-39. (in Chinese)
[9] Zhu Y M, Weng H X, Su A G, et al. Geochemical characteristics of Tertiary saline lacustrine oils in the western Qaidam Basin, northwest China[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2005, 20(10): 1875-1889.
[10] Chen J Y, Bi Y P, Zhang J G, et al. Oil-source correlation in the Fulin Basin, Shengli petroleum province, East China [J]. Organic Geochemistry, 1996, 24(8/9): 931-940.
[11] Hao F, Zhou X H, Zhu Y M, et al. Mechanisms for oil depletion and enrichment on the Shijiutuo uplift, Bohai Bay Basin, China[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2009, 93(8): 1015-1037.
[12] Huang W Y, Meinschein W G. Sterols as ecological indicators[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1979, 43: 739-745.
[13] Sellwood B W, Wilkes M, James B. Hydrocarbon inclusions in late calcite cements: Migration indicators in the Great Oolite Group, Weald Basin, S. England[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 1993, 84(1/4): 51-55.
[14] Stasiuk L D, Snowdon L R. Flourescence microspectrometry of synthetic and natural hydrocarbon fluid inclusions: Crude oil chemistry, density and application to petroleum migration[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 1997, 12(3): 229-241.
[15] Parnell J, Carey P, Duncan W. History of hydrocarbon charge on the Atlantic margin: Evidence from fluid-inclusion studies, west of Shetland[J]. Geology, 1998, 26(9): 807-810.
[16] 林红梅,程付启,王永诗,等.渤海湾盆地渤南洼陷沙四段油气多期充注的流体包裹体证据[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(2):209-218.Lin H M, Cheng F Q, Wang Y S, et al. Fluid inclusion evidence for multi-period oil charge in Shahejie Member 4, Bonan Subsag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(2): 209-218. (in Chinese)
[17] 刘庆顺,杨波,杨海风,等.储层定量荧光技术在渤海油田油层判别及油气充注过程分析中的应用[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(2):27-35.Liu Q S, Yang B, Yang H F, et al. Application of quantitative fluorescence techniques in oil zone identification and hydrocarbon charging process research in Bohai oilfield[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2017, 29(2): 27-35. (in Chinese)
[18] 刘小洪,冯明友,罗静兰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地乌审召地区盒8、山1段储层流体包裹体特征及其意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(3):360-366.Liu X H, Feng M Y, Luo J L, et al. Characteristics of fluid inclusions in reservoirs in the eighth member of the Shihezi Formation and the first member of the Shanxi Formation in Uxin Ju area, the Ordos Basin and their significance[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2010, 31(3): 360-366. (in Chinese)
[19] 郝芳,邹华耀,杨旭升,等.油气幕式成藏及其驱动机制和识别标志[J].地质科学,2003,38(3):403-412.Hao F, Zou H Y, Yang X S, et al. Episodic petroleum accumulation, its driving mechanisms and distinguishing markers[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2003, 38(3): 403-412. (in Chinese)
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