兰州市某社区慢性病患者依从行为水平及影响因素调查研究
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摘要
目的分析兰州市某社区慢性病患者依从行为现状及影响因素,为提高患者的依从性水平,有针对性地进行慢性病的个性化干预提供理论依据。方法选取2016年3～9月在兰州市某社区卫生服务中心就诊以及在兰州大学第一医院和兰州大学第二医院体检中心体检的慢性病患者690例,进行问卷调查,运用描述性统计分析等方法对数据分析。结果患者依从行为平均得分(49.74±7.43)分,标准化均分75.36分,居于中等偏上水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄36～59岁(β=4.379,P=0.020);≥60岁(β=6.055,P=0.001);大专(β=1.814,P=0.011);居住状况中和配偶一起(β=2.294,P=0.003);和子女一起(β=2.316,P=0.008);住院经历(β=0.887,P=0.029);并发症(β=0.859,P=0.039);支持利用度(β=0.316,P=0.001)和自我效能(β=0.673,P=0.000)是患者依从行为的影响因素。结论在对慢性病进行干预时,可以利用同伴和家庭资源对患者进行教育和帮助,注重提升患者的支持利用度和自我效能,加强对年轻群体慢性病患者的重视,提高患者的依从性。
Objective To understand the compliance behavior of patients with chronic diseases in a community in Lanzhou. Methods A total of 690 patients with chronic diseases who did physical examinations in the First and Second Affiliated Hospitals of Lanzhou University from March to September 2016 were enrolled into the study and a questionnaire survey was conducted. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. Results The mean score of compliance behavior of patients was 49.74±7.43, and the standardized average score was 75.36. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of compliance behavior were age during 36～59(β=4.379, P=0.020), age over 60(β=6.055, P=0.001), education(β=1.814, P=0.011), living with the spouse(β= 2.294,P=0.003) or with children(β= 2.316, P=0.008), hospitalization experience(β=0.887, P=0.029), complications(β=0.859, P=0.039), support availability(β=0.316, P=0.001) and self-efficacy(β=0.673, P=0.000). Conclusions The compliance behavior of patients with chronic diseases in the community of Lanzhou is influenced by certain factors.Therefore, during disease intervention, the help and support from peers and family members can be very important to improve the compliance behavior of patients especially young patients.
Objective To understand the compliance behavior of patients with chronic diseases in a community in Lanzhou. Methods A total of 690 patients with chronic diseases who did physical examinations in the First and Second Affiliated Hospitals of Lanzhou University from March to September 2016 were enrolled into the study and a questionnaire survey was conducted. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. Results The mean score of compliance behavior of patients was 49.74±7.43, and the standardized average score was 75.36. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of compliance behavior were age during 36～59(β=4.379, P=0.020), age over 60(β=6.055, P=0.001), education(β=1.814, P=0.011), living with the spouse(β= 2.294,P=0.003) or with children(β= 2.316, P=0.008), hospitalization experience(β=0.887, P=0.029), complications(β=0.859, P=0.039), support availability(β=0.316, P=0.001) and self-efficacy(β=0.673, P=0.000). Conclusions The compliance behavior of patients with chronic diseases in the community of Lanzhou is influenced by certain factors.Therefore, during disease intervention, the help and support from peers and family members can be very important to improve the compliance behavior of patients especially young patients.
引文
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[17] 唐晓梅,唐智峰,张一鸣,等.家属参与的农村2型糖尿病患者社区管理模式探索[J].中国预防医学杂志,2018,19(2):124-128.
[18] 李思瑜,王良友,林海江.2013-2016年台州市社区高血压管理情况调查研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2018,19(2):97-100.
[19] 徐敬霞.朝鲜族高血压住院患者治疗依从性与社会支持、自我效能相关性研究[D].延吉:延边大学, 2016.
[20] 卢芳, 尹安春, 张婷婷.帕金森病病例用药依从性与自我效能感的相关性研究[J].护理研究, 2015,29(34):4303-4306.
[21] 丛建妮, 赵拥军, 黄小敏.2型糖尿病患者饮食行为治疗依从性分析[J].社区医学杂志, 2015, 13(19):4-6.
[22] 周伯华,陈其龙,王飞,等.平湖市社区糖尿病患者强化管理效果评价[J].中国预防医学杂志,2016,17(3):197-201.
[2] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.图解中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2015年)[EB/OL].(2015-06-30)[2018-03-10].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/zwgk/jdjd/201506/4505528e65f3460fb88685081ff158a2.shtml.
[3] Acharya LD, Rau NR, Udupa N, et al.Assessment of cost of illness for diabetic patients in South Indian tertiary care hospital[J].J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2016, 8(4):314-320.
[4] 陈巧珠.高血压患者治疗依从性的研究进展[J].护理实践与研究,2009,6(4):96-99.
[5] 刘力生.中国高血压防治指南2010[J].中华心血管病杂志, 2011, 3(7):701-708.
[6] American Diabetes Association.Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus[J].Diabetes Care, 2012, 35 Suppl 1:S64-S71.
[7] 肖水源.《社会支持评定量表》的理论基础与研究应用[J].临床精神医学杂志,1994,4(2):98-100.
[8] Lorig K, Stewart A, Ritter P, et al.Outcome measures for health education and other health care interventions.[J].Orthop Nurs, 1996, 18(6):41-44.
[9] 杨碧萍,刘雪琴.高血压患者自我效能的调查分析[J].护理学报,2007,14(4):15-17.
[10] Xu Y, Toobert D, Savage C,et al.Factors influencing diabetes self-management in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes[J].Res Nurs Health, 2008, 31(6):613-625.
[11] 韩晓楠,郝艳华,宁宁,等.黑龙江省农村主要慢性病患者服药依从性影响因素分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2015,23(12):884-887.
[12] 孙萍.护理干预对社区原发性高血压患者自我功效和依从行为影响的研究[D].北京:中国协和医科大学,2006.
[13] 王增福,韩雪梅,胡琦,等.兰州市体检例群高血压患者自我功效与依从行为相关性分析[J].中国社会医学杂志,2015,32(4):295-297.
[14] 陈燕师.患者用药依从行为及其影响因素调查分析[D].杭州:杭州师范大学,2016.
[15] 王月梅, 赵婧.高血压患者服药不依从行为的相关因素分析[J].航空航天医学杂志, 2016, 27(9):1118-1119.
[16] 亓晓,么鸿雁,石文惠,等.以患者为中心的高血压患者健康管理服务评估逻辑模型的建立[J].中国预防医学杂志,2016,17(9):705-708.
[17] 唐晓梅,唐智峰,张一鸣,等.家属参与的农村2型糖尿病患者社区管理模式探索[J].中国预防医学杂志,2018,19(2):124-128.
[18] 李思瑜,王良友,林海江.2013-2016年台州市社区高血压管理情况调查研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2018,19(2):97-100.
[19] 徐敬霞.朝鲜族高血压住院患者治疗依从性与社会支持、自我效能相关性研究[D].延吉:延边大学, 2016.
[20] 卢芳, 尹安春, 张婷婷.帕金森病病例用药依从性与自我效能感的相关性研究[J].护理研究, 2015,29(34):4303-4306.
[21] 丛建妮, 赵拥军, 黄小敏.2型糖尿病患者饮食行为治疗依从性分析[J].社区医学杂志, 2015, 13(19):4-6.
[22] 周伯华,陈其龙,王飞,等.平湖市社区糖尿病患者强化管理效果评价[J].中国预防医学杂志,2016,17(3):197-201.
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