补光灯类型对设施草莓光合特性与产量的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究不同类型补光灯对草莓植株光合特性、生长、产量及品质的影响,为草莓设施栽培补光灯的选择提供参考。【方法】以‘红颜草莓’为供试材料,在温室大棚进行草莓补光试验,共设5个类型的补光灯处理,分别为激光生长灯(T1)、红蓝光配比为4.9∶1的LED灯(T2)、红光荧光灯(T3)、红蓝光配比为3∶1的LED灯(T4)和高压钠灯(T5),以不补光为对照,测定不同补光灯处理下草莓植株的光合参数、形态指标及草莓果实的产量和品质。【结果】红蓝光配比为4.9∶1的LED灯和红光荧光灯更有利于提高草莓植株的光合参数,红光荧光灯下草莓植株的营养生长最旺盛,但最终产量并不高;红蓝光配比为4.9∶1和3∶1的LED灯以及高压钠灯对促进草莓提前成熟的效果最好,果实单果质量和最终产量也以红蓝光配比为4.9∶1和3∶1的LED灯下最高;高压钠灯处理下草莓果实可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量均最大,果实VC含量在红蓝光配比为3∶1的LED灯下最大。【结论】红蓝光配比为4.9∶1的LED灯最有利于促进草莓植株的光合和生长,提高果实的产量和品质。综合考虑认为,红蓝光配比为4.9∶1的LED灯可作为冬春季节寡日照地区大棚草莓较好的补光光源。
【Objective】The study investigated the effects of different supplemental lighting types on photosynthesis,growth,yield and quality of strawberry to provide reference for selecting supplemental lighting for strawberry.【Method】Taking Benihoppe strawberry variety as experimental material,different supplemental lighting types were tested to examine the effects on morphology,photosynthetic parameter,yield and quality of strawberry in greenhouse.Five treatments were set including plant laser light(T1),LED plant light(R/B=4.9)(T2),red fluorescent lamp(T3),LED plant light(R/B=3)(T4),high pressure sodium lamp(T5)and without lamp(CK).【Result】Red fluorescent lamp and LED plant light with the red/blue photons ratio of 4.9∶1 were the best to improve the photosynthetic parameter of strawberry.Red fluorescent lamp had the best nutritional growth of plant,but the yield was not high.High pressure sodium lamp and LED plant lights with the red/blue photons ratios of 4.9∶1 and 3∶1 caused the most advanced fruit ripening.Fruit weight and the final output were the highest under LED plant light with the red/blue photons ratios 4.9∶1 and 3∶1.The contents of soluble solid and soluble sugar were the highest under high pressure sodium lamp,while the highest vitamin C content was obtained under LED plant light source with the red/blue photons ratio of 3∶1.【Conclusion】LED plant light with the red/blue photons ratio of4.9∶1 was the best to the improve the photosynthetic growth of the plant,quality and yield of strawberry.
【Objective】The study investigated the effects of different supplemental lighting types on photosynthesis,growth,yield and quality of strawberry to provide reference for selecting supplemental lighting for strawberry.【Method】Taking Benihoppe strawberry variety as experimental material,different supplemental lighting types were tested to examine the effects on morphology,photosynthetic parameter,yield and quality of strawberry in greenhouse.Five treatments were set including plant laser light(T1),LED plant light(R/B=4.9)(T2),red fluorescent lamp(T3),LED plant light(R/B=3)(T4),high pressure sodium lamp(T5)and without lamp(CK).【Result】Red fluorescent lamp and LED plant light with the red/blue photons ratio of 4.9∶1 were the best to improve the photosynthetic parameter of strawberry.Red fluorescent lamp had the best nutritional growth of plant,but the yield was not high.High pressure sodium lamp and LED plant lights with the red/blue photons ratios of 4.9∶1 and 3∶1 caused the most advanced fruit ripening.Fruit weight and the final output were the highest under LED plant light with the red/blue photons ratios 4.9∶1 and 3∶1.The contents of soluble solid and soluble sugar were the highest under high pressure sodium lamp,while the highest vitamin C content was obtained under LED plant light source with the red/blue photons ratio of 3∶1.【Conclusion】LED plant light with the red/blue photons ratio of4.9∶1 was the best to the improve the photosynthetic growth of the plant,quality and yield of strawberry.
引文
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[4]魏娜,孙翰昌,武俊琴.不同光强对结果期草莓光合特性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(6):2213-2214,2216.Wei N,Sun H C,Wu J Q.Influences of different light intensities on the photosynthetic characteristics of strawberry in fruiting stage[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2008,36(6):2213-2214,2216.
[5]郑洁,胡美君,郭延平.光质对植物光合作用的调控及其机理[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(7):1619-1624.Zheng J,Hu M J,Guo Y P.Regulation of photosynthesis by light quality and its mechanism in plants[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2008,19(7):1619-1624.
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[8]Saebo A,Krekling T,Appelgren M.Light quality affects photosynthesis and leaf anatomy of birch plantlets in vitro[J].Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture,1995,41:177-185.
[9]Patil G G,Oi R,Gissinger A,et al.Plant morphology is affected by light quality selective plastic films and alternating day and night temperature[J].Gartenbauwissen-schaft,2001,66(2):53-60.
[10]徐凯,郭延平,张上隆.不同光质对草莓叶片光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(2):369-375.Xu K,Guo Y P,Zhang S L.Effect of light quality on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in strawberry leaves[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2005,38(2):369-375.
[11]江明艳,潘远智.不同光质对盆栽一品红光合特性及生长的影响[J].园艺学报,2006,33(2):338-343.Jiang M Y,Pan Y Z.Effects of light quality on the photosynthetic characteristics and growth of Poinsettia[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2006,33(2):338-343.
[12]李程,裴忠孝,甘林叶,等.光周期对春石斛开花及多胺含量的影响[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(8):1167-1170.Li C,Pei Z X,Gan L Y,et al.Effects of photoperiod on flowering and polyamine contents of nobile-type Dendrobium[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2014,50(8):1167-1170.
[13]杨娜,郭维明,陈发棣,等.光周期对秋菊品种“神马”花芽分化和开花的影响[J].园艺学报,2007,34(4):965-972.Yang N,Guo W M,Chen F D,et al.Effects of photoperiod on floral bud differentiation and flowering of Chrysanthemum morifoliumramat‘Jinba’[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2007,34(4):965-972.
[14]田素波,郭春晓,郑成淑.光周期诱导植物成花的分子调控机制[J].园艺学报,2010,37(2):325-330.Tian S B,Guo C X,Zheng C S.Molecular mechanism of controlling flower formation by photoperiod inducement in plants[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2010,37(2):325-330.
[15]Hayama R,Coupland G.The molecular basis of diversity in the photoperiodic flowering responses of arabidopsis and rice[J].Plant Physiology,2004,135(2):677-684.
[16]Yamasaki S,Fujii N,Takahashi H.Photoperiodic regulation of CS-ACS2,CS-ACS4and CS-ERSgene expression contributes to the femaleness of cucumber flowers through diurnal ethylene production under short-day conditions[J].Plant Cell&Environment,2003,26(4):537-546.
[17]Hartmann H T.Some effects of temperature and photoperiod on flower formation and runner production in the strawberry[J].Plant Physiology,1947,22(4):407-420.
[18]杜宁,韩哲.高压钠灯用于园艺光照明的改进设想[J].牡丹江教育学院学报,2008(1):143-144.Du N,Han Z.Improvement suggestion of high pressure sodium lamp for horticultural lighting[J].Journal of Mudanjiang College of Education,2008(1):143-144.
[19]Runkle E S,Padhye S R,Oh W,et al.Replacing incandescent lamps with compact fluorescent lamps may delay flowering[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2012,143(1):56-61.
[20]Blom T J,Zheng Y B.The response of plant growth and leaf gas exchange to the speed of lamp movement in a greenhouse[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2009,119(2):188-192.
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