苎麻种质资源农艺性状主成分及聚类分析
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摘要
为了揭示我国丰富的苎麻种质资源,充分发掘利用其有益基因,利用主成分分析和聚类分析方法对收集的94份苎麻种质的7个主要农艺性状进行评价分析。利用主成分分析将苎麻的7个性状简化为4个主成分因子,其累积贡献率高达90.35%;其中第一主成分以株高、茎粗、有效株率的影响为主;第二主成分各个性状系数均为正,可以看作是苎麻种质农艺性状的综合反映;第三主成分以分株数、总株数的影响为主;第四主成分以有效株率的影响为主。采用系统聚类分析,将94份苎麻种质材料在阈值为3.79时聚为三个大类,可划分为高株细茎型、矮株粗茎型和1个特殊型。上述结果将苎麻种质资源农艺性状简化为4个主成分因子,并将94个苎麻品种分为3种类型,为苎麻优质品种选育和多功能应用提供参考依据。
The 7 agronomic characters of 94 ramie germplasm from China were investigated through principal component analysis and cluster analysis in order to identify the diversity of ramie germplasm and find the benefit genes. The results of principal components analysis showed that the 7 traits were simplified into 4 principal components( over 90.35% accumulated contribution). The first principal component was given priority to plant height,stem diameter,effective strain rate. The coefficients of the second principal component were all positive,which could be regarded as the comprehensive reflection of the agronomic characters of ramie germplasm. The third principal component was given priority to single stump points number and total number. The fourth principal component was given priority to the influence of the effective strain rate. Using system clustering analysis,94 ramie varieties were clustered into three categories at the genetic distance 3.79,including high plant and thin stem,short plant and thick stem,and a special type. In this study,the agronomic traits of ramie germplasm resources were simplified into 4 principal component factors,and 94 ramie varieties were divided into three categories,which provided a reference for the breeding of high quality ramie varieties and their multi-functional application.
The 7 agronomic characters of 94 ramie germplasm from China were investigated through principal component analysis and cluster analysis in order to identify the diversity of ramie germplasm and find the benefit genes. The results of principal components analysis showed that the 7 traits were simplified into 4 principal components( over 90.35% accumulated contribution). The first principal component was given priority to plant height,stem diameter,effective strain rate. The coefficients of the second principal component were all positive,which could be regarded as the comprehensive reflection of the agronomic characters of ramie germplasm. The third principal component was given priority to single stump points number and total number. The fourth principal component was given priority to the influence of the effective strain rate. Using system clustering analysis,94 ramie varieties were clustered into three categories at the genetic distance 3.79,including high plant and thin stem,short plant and thick stem,and a special type. In this study,the agronomic traits of ramie germplasm resources were simplified into 4 principal component factors,and 94 ramie varieties were divided into three categories,which provided a reference for the breeding of high quality ramie varieties and their multi-functional application.
引文
[1]李宗道.麻作的理论与技术[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1980.
[2]熊和平.麻类作物育种学[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2008.
[3]肖之平.苎麻与生活[J].湖南农业,2002(8):22.
[4]刘涛.中国苎麻纺织行业可持续发展研究[D].江苏苏州:苏州大学,硕士学位论文,2004.Liu T. Research of the continuable development about Chineseramie textile industry[D].Jiangsu Suzhou:Jiangsu University,Master Dissertation,2004.
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[6]刘浩,周闲容,于晓娜,等.作物种质资源品质性状鉴定评价现状与展望[J].植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(1):215-221.Liu H,Zhou X R,Yu X N,et al.. Current situation andprospect of identification and evaluation of quality traits in cropgermplasm resources[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2014,15(1):215-221.
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[8]赵孟良,刘明池,钟启文,等.菊芋种质资源主要矿质营养元素含量特征与分析评价[J].河北农业大学学报,2017,40(4):31-36.Zhao M L, Liu M C, Zhong Q W, et al.. Contentcharacteristics and analysis evaluation of main mineral nutrientin 29 Heliantthus tuberosous[J]. J. Agric. Univ. Hebei,2017,40(4):31-36.
[9]秦占军,揭雨成,孙志民,等. 213份苎麻种质资源农艺性状及品质性状鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2007(4):473-476.Qin Z J, Jie Y C, Sun Z M, et al.. Identification andevaluation of agronomic characters and quality characters of 213ramie germplasm[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2007(4):473-476.
[10]许英,陈建华,孙志民,等. 57份苎麻种质资源主要农艺性状及纤维品质鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(1):54-58.Sun Y, Chen J H, Sun Z M, et al.. Identification andevaluation of major agronomic traits and main fiber quality inramie germplasm resources[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2015,16(1):54-58.
[11]康万利,揭雨成,邢虎成. 10个苎麻种质资源耐瘠性鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(6):1023-1030.Kang W L,Jie Y C,Xing H C. Identification and evaluation ofpoor-soil-fertility tolerance in ramie germplasms[J]. J. PlantGenet. Res.,2012,13(6):1023-1030.
[12]白玉超,黄敏升,李林林,等. 94份苎麻种质资源主要农艺性状关联分析与综合评价[J].中国麻业科学,2017,39(4):161-171.Bai Y C,Huang M S,Li L L,et al.. Correlation analysis andevaluation of the main agronomic traits of 94 ramie varieties[J]. Chin. Fib. Sci.,2017,39(4):161-171.
[13]熊和平,蒋金根,喻春明,等.苎麻产量构成因素主成份及其聚类分析[J].中国麻作,1993(4):15-19.Xiong H P,Jiang J G,Yu C M,et al.. The main componentsof ramie yield and its cluster analysis[J]. Chin. Fib. Sci.,1993(4):15-19.
[14]祁建民,卢浩然,郑云雨.黄麻品种数量性状主成分及其聚类分析[J].福建农学院学报,1989(2):168-173.
[15]蔡金华,杨阳,单延博,等. 35份小麦种质资源品质性状的主成分和聚类分析[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(5):758-760,763.Cai J H,Yang Y,Shan Y B,et al.. Principal component andcluster analysis of quality traits of 35 wheat germplasmresources[J]. J. Zhejiang Agric. Sci.,2017,58(5):758-760,763.
[16]何国浩,马育华.江淮下游地区大豆地方品种的聚类分析[J].大豆科学,1983,2(4):253-265.He G H, Ma Y H. Cluster analysis of the local soybeanvarieties in lower Yangtze and Huai Valleys[J]. Soybean Sci.,1983,2(4):253-265.
[17]任鄄胜,汪秀志,肖培村,等.杂交水稻稻米品质性状的相关及聚类分析[J].中国水稻科学,2004(2):44-48.Ren J S,Wang X Z,Xiao P C,et al.. Correlation and clusteranalysis for grain quality in hybrid rice[J]. Chin. J. Rice Sci.,2004(2):44-48.
[18]殷冬梅,李拴柱,崔党群.花生主要农艺性状的相关性及聚类分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2010,32(2):212-216.Yin D M,Li S Z,Cui D Q. Agronomic character and clusteranalysis of peanut cultivars[J]. Chin. J. Oil Crop Sci.,2010,32(2):212-216.
[19]孙长法,赵晖,陈荣江.棉花新品种产量品质性状的聚类分析与综合评价[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(4):77-81.Sun C F, Zhao H, Chen R J. Cluster analysis andcomprehensive evaluation on yield and quality characters of newcotton varieties[J]. Acta Agric. Bor-Occid. Sin.,2010,19(4):77-81.
[20]揭雨成,许英,孙志民,等.苎麻种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007,1-3.Jie Y C,Xu Y,Sun Z M,et al.. Specifications and DataStandards for Description of Ramie Germplasm Resources[M].Beijing:Chinese Agriculture Press,2007,1-3.
[21]揭雨成,许英,谢邵东,等.农作物种质资源鉴定技术规程:苎麻[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:1-6.Jie Y C,Xu Y,Xie S D,et al.. Technical Specifications forthe Identification of Crop Germplasm Resources:Ramie[M].Beijing:Chinese Agriculture Press,2007:1-6.
[22]游书梅,曹应江,郑家奎,等. 73份亚洲水稻恢复系农艺性状的主成分与聚类分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(2):250-256.You S M,Cao Y J,Zhen J K,et al.. Principal component andcluster analysis for agronomic traits of 73 rice restorers lines inAsia[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2015,16(2):250-256.
[23]张涛,郑家奎,徐建第,等.香稻品种的遗传多样性研究[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(3):625-635.Zhang T,Zheng J K,Xu J D,et al.. Genetic diversity ofaromatic rice varieties based on markers of functional genes andSSR[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,2008,41(3):625-635.
[24]彭传新,郭介华.陆地棉数量性状遗传差异的研究[J].中国农业科学,1988,3(4):26-32.Peng C X, Guo J H. A study on genetic diverence ofquantitative characters in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutumL.)[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,1988,3(4):26-32.
[25]胡立勇,彭定祥.苎麻产量构成因素的分析[J].中国麻作,1998(2):12-16.Hu L Y,Peng D X. Analysis on the composition factors oframie yield[J]. Chin. Fib. Sci.,1998(2):12-16.
[26]熊和平,蒋金根,喻春明,等.苎麻产量构成因素与产量的关系[J].作物学报,1998(2):155-160.Xiong H P,Jiang J G,Yu C M,et al.. Relations betweenyield-related traits and yield and ramie[J]. Acta Agron. Sin.,1998(2):155-160.
[27]白玉超,王辉,郭婷,等.定位试验下败蔸对苎麻产量及产量构成的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(9):45-56.Bai Y C,Wang H,Guo T,et al.. Effect of root rot on fiberyield and yield-related traits of ramie(Boehmeria nivea)[J].Acta Pratac. Sin.,2017,26(9):45-56.
[28]孟桂元,伍波,周静,等.苎麻属野生植物农艺性状、纤维物理性能及其相关性研究[J].热带作物学报,2013,34(1):18-23.Meng G Y,Wu B,Zhou J,et al.. Agronomic traits,fiberphysical properties and their correlation of wild Boehmeria[J].Chin. J. Trop. Crops,2013,34(1):18-23.
[29]张加强,陈常理,骆霞虹,等. 26份黄麻种质资源产量性状的主成分聚类分析及其评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(3):475-482.Zhang J Q, Chen C L, Luo X H, et al.. Comprehensiveevaluation and cluster analysis on yield characters of 26 jutegermplasm resources based on principal components[J]. J.Plant Genet. Res.,2016,17(3):475-482.
[2]熊和平.麻类作物育种学[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2008.
[3]肖之平.苎麻与生活[J].湖南农业,2002(8):22.
[4]刘涛.中国苎麻纺织行业可持续发展研究[D].江苏苏州:苏州大学,硕士学位论文,2004.Liu T. Research of the continuable development about Chineseramie textile industry[D].Jiangsu Suzhou:Jiangsu University,Master Dissertation,2004.
[5]刘志远,唐守伟.我国麻类作物的生产现状、问题及发展趋势[J].农业科技管理,2014,33(3):86-89.Liu Z Y, Tang S W. Production status, problems anddevelopment trend of hemp crops in China[J]. Manag. Agric.Sci. Tech.,2014,33(3):86-89.
[6]刘浩,周闲容,于晓娜,等.作物种质资源品质性状鉴定评价现状与展望[J].植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(1):215-221.Liu H,Zhou X R,Yu X N,et al.. Current situation andprospect of identification and evaluation of quality traits in cropgermplasm resources[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2014,15(1):215-221.
[7]蓬桂华,张爱民,苏丹,等. 93份贵州地方辣椒资源品质性状分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(3):429-435.Peng G H,Zhang A M,Su D,et al.. Analysis on qualitycharacters of 93 guizhou local pepper germplasm resources[J].J. Plant Genet. Res.,2017,18(3):429-435.
[8]赵孟良,刘明池,钟启文,等.菊芋种质资源主要矿质营养元素含量特征与分析评价[J].河北农业大学学报,2017,40(4):31-36.Zhao M L, Liu M C, Zhong Q W, et al.. Contentcharacteristics and analysis evaluation of main mineral nutrientin 29 Heliantthus tuberosous[J]. J. Agric. Univ. Hebei,2017,40(4):31-36.
[9]秦占军,揭雨成,孙志民,等. 213份苎麻种质资源农艺性状及品质性状鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2007(4):473-476.Qin Z J, Jie Y C, Sun Z M, et al.. Identification andevaluation of agronomic characters and quality characters of 213ramie germplasm[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2007(4):473-476.
[10]许英,陈建华,孙志民,等. 57份苎麻种质资源主要农艺性状及纤维品质鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(1):54-58.Sun Y, Chen J H, Sun Z M, et al.. Identification andevaluation of major agronomic traits and main fiber quality inramie germplasm resources[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2015,16(1):54-58.
[11]康万利,揭雨成,邢虎成. 10个苎麻种质资源耐瘠性鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(6):1023-1030.Kang W L,Jie Y C,Xing H C. Identification and evaluation ofpoor-soil-fertility tolerance in ramie germplasms[J]. J. PlantGenet. Res.,2012,13(6):1023-1030.
[12]白玉超,黄敏升,李林林,等. 94份苎麻种质资源主要农艺性状关联分析与综合评价[J].中国麻业科学,2017,39(4):161-171.Bai Y C,Huang M S,Li L L,et al.. Correlation analysis andevaluation of the main agronomic traits of 94 ramie varieties[J]. Chin. Fib. Sci.,2017,39(4):161-171.
[13]熊和平,蒋金根,喻春明,等.苎麻产量构成因素主成份及其聚类分析[J].中国麻作,1993(4):15-19.Xiong H P,Jiang J G,Yu C M,et al.. The main componentsof ramie yield and its cluster analysis[J]. Chin. Fib. Sci.,1993(4):15-19.
[14]祁建民,卢浩然,郑云雨.黄麻品种数量性状主成分及其聚类分析[J].福建农学院学报,1989(2):168-173.
[15]蔡金华,杨阳,单延博,等. 35份小麦种质资源品质性状的主成分和聚类分析[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(5):758-760,763.Cai J H,Yang Y,Shan Y B,et al.. Principal component andcluster analysis of quality traits of 35 wheat germplasmresources[J]. J. Zhejiang Agric. Sci.,2017,58(5):758-760,763.
[16]何国浩,马育华.江淮下游地区大豆地方品种的聚类分析[J].大豆科学,1983,2(4):253-265.He G H, Ma Y H. Cluster analysis of the local soybeanvarieties in lower Yangtze and Huai Valleys[J]. Soybean Sci.,1983,2(4):253-265.
[17]任鄄胜,汪秀志,肖培村,等.杂交水稻稻米品质性状的相关及聚类分析[J].中国水稻科学,2004(2):44-48.Ren J S,Wang X Z,Xiao P C,et al.. Correlation and clusteranalysis for grain quality in hybrid rice[J]. Chin. J. Rice Sci.,2004(2):44-48.
[18]殷冬梅,李拴柱,崔党群.花生主要农艺性状的相关性及聚类分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2010,32(2):212-216.Yin D M,Li S Z,Cui D Q. Agronomic character and clusteranalysis of peanut cultivars[J]. Chin. J. Oil Crop Sci.,2010,32(2):212-216.
[19]孙长法,赵晖,陈荣江.棉花新品种产量品质性状的聚类分析与综合评价[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(4):77-81.Sun C F, Zhao H, Chen R J. Cluster analysis andcomprehensive evaluation on yield and quality characters of newcotton varieties[J]. Acta Agric. Bor-Occid. Sin.,2010,19(4):77-81.
[20]揭雨成,许英,孙志民,等.苎麻种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007,1-3.Jie Y C,Xu Y,Sun Z M,et al.. Specifications and DataStandards for Description of Ramie Germplasm Resources[M].Beijing:Chinese Agriculture Press,2007,1-3.
[21]揭雨成,许英,谢邵东,等.农作物种质资源鉴定技术规程:苎麻[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:1-6.Jie Y C,Xu Y,Xie S D,et al.. Technical Specifications forthe Identification of Crop Germplasm Resources:Ramie[M].Beijing:Chinese Agriculture Press,2007:1-6.
[22]游书梅,曹应江,郑家奎,等. 73份亚洲水稻恢复系农艺性状的主成分与聚类分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(2):250-256.You S M,Cao Y J,Zhen J K,et al.. Principal component andcluster analysis for agronomic traits of 73 rice restorers lines inAsia[J]. J. Plant Genet. Res.,2015,16(2):250-256.
[23]张涛,郑家奎,徐建第,等.香稻品种的遗传多样性研究[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(3):625-635.Zhang T,Zheng J K,Xu J D,et al.. Genetic diversity ofaromatic rice varieties based on markers of functional genes andSSR[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,2008,41(3):625-635.
[24]彭传新,郭介华.陆地棉数量性状遗传差异的研究[J].中国农业科学,1988,3(4):26-32.Peng C X, Guo J H. A study on genetic diverence ofquantitative characters in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutumL.)[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,1988,3(4):26-32.
[25]胡立勇,彭定祥.苎麻产量构成因素的分析[J].中国麻作,1998(2):12-16.Hu L Y,Peng D X. Analysis on the composition factors oframie yield[J]. Chin. Fib. Sci.,1998(2):12-16.
[26]熊和平,蒋金根,喻春明,等.苎麻产量构成因素与产量的关系[J].作物学报,1998(2):155-160.Xiong H P,Jiang J G,Yu C M,et al.. Relations betweenyield-related traits and yield and ramie[J]. Acta Agron. Sin.,1998(2):155-160.
[27]白玉超,王辉,郭婷,等.定位试验下败蔸对苎麻产量及产量构成的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(9):45-56.Bai Y C,Wang H,Guo T,et al.. Effect of root rot on fiberyield and yield-related traits of ramie(Boehmeria nivea)[J].Acta Pratac. Sin.,2017,26(9):45-56.
[28]孟桂元,伍波,周静,等.苎麻属野生植物农艺性状、纤维物理性能及其相关性研究[J].热带作物学报,2013,34(1):18-23.Meng G Y,Wu B,Zhou J,et al.. Agronomic traits,fiberphysical properties and their correlation of wild Boehmeria[J].Chin. J. Trop. Crops,2013,34(1):18-23.
[29]张加强,陈常理,骆霞虹,等. 26份黄麻种质资源产量性状的主成分聚类分析及其评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(3):475-482.Zhang J Q, Chen C L, Luo X H, et al.. Comprehensiveevaluation and cluster analysis on yield characters of 26 jutegermplasm resources based on principal components[J]. J.Plant Genet. Res.,2016,17(3):475-482.
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