枸杞果柄分离力与果实、果柄形态及内源激素含量间的关系
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摘要
为了探讨枸杞果柄分离力与果实、果柄形态及内源激素间的关系,从而为枸杞鲜果新品种选育及其鲜果产业发展提供理论依据,分别以蒙杞2号和宁杞7号为试材,采用酶联免疫法测定了果实与果柄中ABA、IAA、GA_3、ZR的含量,分析了枸杞果实发育期内果实与果柄的形态及内源激素和果柄分离力间的关系。结果表明:果柄分离力随着果实的发育成熟而不断降低,其与单果质量、果实纵径、果实横径间均有显著的负相关性,其相关系数分别为-0.771、-0.862、-0.883;果柄分离力与果实中各内源激素的相关系数均较高,而与果柄中各内源激素的相关系数均较低。果实中的ABA含量在果实膨大初期开始上升,至果实成熟期,蒙杞2号果实中的ABA含量下降,而宁杞7号果实中的ABA含量仍较高;果实中的IAA含量逐渐下降,并显著低于果柄中的IAA含量,蒙杞2号果实中的IAA含量低于宁杞7号果实中的IAA含量;果实中GA_3与ZR的含量均逐渐下降,且宁杞7号果实中GA_3与ZR的含量均高于蒙杞2号的;果柄中GA_3与ZR的含量变化均不明显;ABA、GA_3、ZR在宁杞7号果实与果柄中的含量比均高于其在蒙杞2号果实与果柄中的含量比,宁杞7号果实中ABA/(IAA+GA_3+ZR)之值也高于蒙杞2号果实中ABA/(IAA+GA_3+ZR)之值。文中综合分析认为,ABA、GA_3、ZR在枸杞果实与果柄中的含量比和果实中ABA/(IAA+GA_3+ZR)之值均高可能是导致果柄分离力小的主要原因。
In order to research relationship of peduncle aeparation force in wolfberry with fruit, peduncle morphology,and endogenous hormone contents, and to provide some theoretical bases for breeding of fresh fruit varieties and development of fresh fruit industry, using Mengqi No.2 and Ningqi No.7 as materials, contents of ABA, IAA, GA_3 and ZR in fruits and peduncles were determined by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and relationship of fruit with peduncle morpholoty, endogenous hormones and peduncle separation force were analyzed during wolfberry fruit development period. The results indicated that peduncle separation force was decreased with maturity of fruit and had a significantly negative correlation with single fruit mass, fruit longitudinal diameter and fruit transverse diameter, and correlation coefficients were-0.771,-0.862, and-0.883, respectively. The results of correlationship analysis also showed that peduncle separation force had higher correlation with endogenous hormones in fruits, and lower correlation with those in peduncles. ABA content in fruits was increased at the beginning of fruit enlargement, which in Menqi No.2 fruits was decreased during mature period, but in Ningqi No.7 fruits was still higher. IAA content in fruits was gradually decreased and significantly lower than that in peduncles. IAA content in Mengqi No.2 fruits was lower than that in Ningqi No.7 fruits. Both GA_3 content and ZR content in fruits also were decreased gradually, and those in Ningqi No.7 fruits were higher than those in Mengqi No.2 fruits. Contents of GA_3 and ZR in peduncles had no obvious change. Ratios of ABA, GA_3, and ZR contents in Ningqi No.7 fruits to those in peduncles were higher than those in fruits and peduncles of Mengqi No.2, and ABA/(IAA+GA_3+ZR) value in Ningqi No.7 fruits was also higher than that in Mengqi No.2 fruits. The results of comprehensive annlysis showed that higher ratios of ABA, GA_3 and ZR contents in fruits to those in peduncles and higher ABA/(IAA+GA_3+ZR) values in fruits were probable reason of low peduncle separation force in wolfberry.
In order to research relationship of peduncle aeparation force in wolfberry with fruit, peduncle morphology,and endogenous hormone contents, and to provide some theoretical bases for breeding of fresh fruit varieties and development of fresh fruit industry, using Mengqi No.2 and Ningqi No.7 as materials, contents of ABA, IAA, GA_3 and ZR in fruits and peduncles were determined by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and relationship of fruit with peduncle morpholoty, endogenous hormones and peduncle separation force were analyzed during wolfberry fruit development period. The results indicated that peduncle separation force was decreased with maturity of fruit and had a significantly negative correlation with single fruit mass, fruit longitudinal diameter and fruit transverse diameter, and correlation coefficients were-0.771,-0.862, and-0.883, respectively. The results of correlationship analysis also showed that peduncle separation force had higher correlation with endogenous hormones in fruits, and lower correlation with those in peduncles. ABA content in fruits was increased at the beginning of fruit enlargement, which in Menqi No.2 fruits was decreased during mature period, but in Ningqi No.7 fruits was still higher. IAA content in fruits was gradually decreased and significantly lower than that in peduncles. IAA content in Mengqi No.2 fruits was lower than that in Ningqi No.7 fruits. Both GA_3 content and ZR content in fruits also were decreased gradually, and those in Ningqi No.7 fruits were higher than those in Mengqi No.2 fruits. Contents of GA_3 and ZR in peduncles had no obvious change. Ratios of ABA, GA_3, and ZR contents in Ningqi No.7 fruits to those in peduncles were higher than those in fruits and peduncles of Mengqi No.2, and ABA/(IAA+GA_3+ZR) value in Ningqi No.7 fruits was also higher than that in Mengqi No.2 fruits. The results of comprehensive annlysis showed that higher ratios of ABA, GA_3 and ZR contents in fruits to those in peduncles and higher ABA/(IAA+GA_3+ZR) values in fruits were probable reason of low peduncle separation force in wolfberry.
引文
[1]施杨,危春红,陈志杰,等.枸杞鲜果采后生理及保鲜技术研究进展[J].保鲜与加工,2016,16(3):102-106.
[2]曹兵,刘毓璟,张雁南,等.枸杞果实糖代谢研究进展[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):158-164.
[3]韩宏伟,李勇,王建友,等.不同土壤质地与不同结实期枸杞土壤及叶片养分年际动态变化研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(11):1-8.
[4]赵游丽,冯美,康建宏.不同温度处理对采后枸杞果实呼吸强度和品质的影响[J].农业科学研究,2010,31(4):34-36,45.
[5]李颖超,毕阳,王毅,等.塑料薄膜包装对常温和低温条件下枸杞鲜果主要贮藏性状的影响[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(2):302-304.
[6]袁莉,毕阳,李永才,等.采后赤霉素处理对低温贮藏期间枸杞鲜果腐烂的抑制和品质的影响[J].食品与生物技术学报,2011,30(5):653-656.
[7]赵荣祥,范小静,郝佳,等.18种植物源物质对枸杞鲜果的保鲜活性[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(9):147-151.
[8]黄婷,刘俭,秦垦,等.鲜食枸杞的品质要求研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2013,54(12):151,154.
[9]李晓莺,何军,曹有龙.枸杞鲜果销售面临的难题及解决办法[J].北方园艺,2010(23):175-176.
[10]POLLARD J E,BIGGS R H.Role of cellulase in abscission of citrus fruit[J].Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Science,1970,95(5):667-677.
[11]李长江,李鹏,井春芝,等.‘库尔勒香梨’幼果内源激素分布差异与果实萼片脱落的关系[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(11):1631-1638.
[12]高欣欣,刘少春,张跃彬,等.植物器官脱落相关激素和酶的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(33):17-21.
[13]李长江,李鹏,罗淑萍,等.库尔勒香梨花器官不同部位内源激素含量的差异分析[J].经济林研究,2016,34(3):16-21.
[14]LAZAR D,ALEXANDER L,CHIARA C,et al.Vessel differentiation in the pedicel of apple and the effects of auxin transport inhibition[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2004,120(1):162-170.
[15]PLUMMER J,MULLINS M,VINE J.Seasonal changes in endogenous ABA and IAA and the influence of applied ABA and auxin in relation to shoot growth and abscission in Valencia Orange(Citrus sinensis(L)Osbeck)[J].Plant Growth Regulation,1991,10(2):139-151.
[16]张大鹏.荔枝果柄结构发育与落果的关系[J].园艺学报,1997,24(2):105-110.
[17]陈发河,于新,张维一,等.无核白葡萄果柄结构与落粒关系的研究[J].新疆农业大学学报,2010,23(1):44-48.
[18]散鋆龙,刘旋峰,牛长河,等.杏果实成熟度特性参数与果柄分离力的相关性分析[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(23):62-68.
[19]张进,毕新胜,肖彬彬,等.加工番茄果茎分离力研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(8):5051-5053.
[20]乔园园,牛长河,刘向东,等.核桃果柄分离力与其影响因素的相关系数研究[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(3):524-531.
[21]周会玲,李家瑞.葡萄果实结构与耐贮性关系的研究[J].中国农学通报,2005,24(7):239-241.
[22]杨波,车玉红,郭春苗,等.扁桃生理落果期不同组织激素浓度的动态变化及其对落果的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(1):118-124.
[23]郝士琴,杨晖,孙智敏.元帅苹果果实内源激素的变化与落果的关系[J].兰州大学学报,1992,28(4):120-124.
[24]孟玉平,曹秋芬,樊新萍,等.苹果采前落果与内源激素的关系[J].果树学报,2005,22(1):6-10.
[25]牛建新,何子顺.梨果萼脱落宿存过程中果萼幼果内源激素的变化动态[J].果树学报,2009,26(4):431-434.
[26]刘妮,陶书田,李雷廷,等.‘砀山酥梨’幼果萼片脱落期内源激素含量变化[J].南京农业大学学报,2013,36(6):147-150.
[27]苏明华,刘志成,庄伊美.水涨龙眼果实内源激素含量变化对生理落果的影响[J].热带作物学报,1998,19(1):64-69.
[28]于婷,李建贵,侍瑞,等.骏枣果实中的内源激素含量与其生理落果的关系[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):45-49.
[29]向旭,邱燕平,张展薇.糯米糍荔枝果实内源激素与落果的关系[J].果树科学,1995,12(2):88-92.
[2]曹兵,刘毓璟,张雁南,等.枸杞果实糖代谢研究进展[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):158-164.
[3]韩宏伟,李勇,王建友,等.不同土壤质地与不同结实期枸杞土壤及叶片养分年际动态变化研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(11):1-8.
[4]赵游丽,冯美,康建宏.不同温度处理对采后枸杞果实呼吸强度和品质的影响[J].农业科学研究,2010,31(4):34-36,45.
[5]李颖超,毕阳,王毅,等.塑料薄膜包装对常温和低温条件下枸杞鲜果主要贮藏性状的影响[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(2):302-304.
[6]袁莉,毕阳,李永才,等.采后赤霉素处理对低温贮藏期间枸杞鲜果腐烂的抑制和品质的影响[J].食品与生物技术学报,2011,30(5):653-656.
[7]赵荣祥,范小静,郝佳,等.18种植物源物质对枸杞鲜果的保鲜活性[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(9):147-151.
[8]黄婷,刘俭,秦垦,等.鲜食枸杞的品质要求研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2013,54(12):151,154.
[9]李晓莺,何军,曹有龙.枸杞鲜果销售面临的难题及解决办法[J].北方园艺,2010(23):175-176.
[10]POLLARD J E,BIGGS R H.Role of cellulase in abscission of citrus fruit[J].Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Science,1970,95(5):667-677.
[11]李长江,李鹏,井春芝,等.‘库尔勒香梨’幼果内源激素分布差异与果实萼片脱落的关系[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(11):1631-1638.
[12]高欣欣,刘少春,张跃彬,等.植物器官脱落相关激素和酶的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(33):17-21.
[13]李长江,李鹏,罗淑萍,等.库尔勒香梨花器官不同部位内源激素含量的差异分析[J].经济林研究,2016,34(3):16-21.
[14]LAZAR D,ALEXANDER L,CHIARA C,et al.Vessel differentiation in the pedicel of apple and the effects of auxin transport inhibition[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2004,120(1):162-170.
[15]PLUMMER J,MULLINS M,VINE J.Seasonal changes in endogenous ABA and IAA and the influence of applied ABA and auxin in relation to shoot growth and abscission in Valencia Orange(Citrus sinensis(L)Osbeck)[J].Plant Growth Regulation,1991,10(2):139-151.
[16]张大鹏.荔枝果柄结构发育与落果的关系[J].园艺学报,1997,24(2):105-110.
[17]陈发河,于新,张维一,等.无核白葡萄果柄结构与落粒关系的研究[J].新疆农业大学学报,2010,23(1):44-48.
[18]散鋆龙,刘旋峰,牛长河,等.杏果实成熟度特性参数与果柄分离力的相关性分析[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(23):62-68.
[19]张进,毕新胜,肖彬彬,等.加工番茄果茎分离力研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(8):5051-5053.
[20]乔园园,牛长河,刘向东,等.核桃果柄分离力与其影响因素的相关系数研究[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(3):524-531.
[21]周会玲,李家瑞.葡萄果实结构与耐贮性关系的研究[J].中国农学通报,2005,24(7):239-241.
[22]杨波,车玉红,郭春苗,等.扁桃生理落果期不同组织激素浓度的动态变化及其对落果的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(1):118-124.
[23]郝士琴,杨晖,孙智敏.元帅苹果果实内源激素的变化与落果的关系[J].兰州大学学报,1992,28(4):120-124.
[24]孟玉平,曹秋芬,樊新萍,等.苹果采前落果与内源激素的关系[J].果树学报,2005,22(1):6-10.
[25]牛建新,何子顺.梨果萼脱落宿存过程中果萼幼果内源激素的变化动态[J].果树学报,2009,26(4):431-434.
[26]刘妮,陶书田,李雷廷,等.‘砀山酥梨’幼果萼片脱落期内源激素含量变化[J].南京农业大学学报,2013,36(6):147-150.
[27]苏明华,刘志成,庄伊美.水涨龙眼果实内源激素含量变化对生理落果的影响[J].热带作物学报,1998,19(1):64-69.
[28]于婷,李建贵,侍瑞,等.骏枣果实中的内源激素含量与其生理落果的关系[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):45-49.
[29]向旭,邱燕平,张展薇.糯米糍荔枝果实内源激素与落果的关系[J].果树科学,1995,12(2):88-92.
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