畜禽育种:工程化时代到来了吗?

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英文篇名：Animal Breeding:Is the Engineering Age Coming? 作者：蒋小松 ; 杨朝武 ; 杜华锐 ; 余春林 英文作者：JIANG Xiaosong;YANG Chaowu;DU Huarui;YU Chunlin;Sichuan Animal Science Academy;Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics of Sichuan Province; 关键词：畜禽育种 ; 工程化育种 ; 系统工程 ; 三维空间法 英文关键词：animal breeding;;engineering breeding;;system engineer;;three-dimensional space method 中文刊名：ZGJQ 英文刊名：China Poultry 机构：四川省畜牧科学研究院;动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室; 出版日期：2019-02-25 出版单位：中国家禽 年：2019 期：v.41;No.583 基金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-41-G04);; 四川省畜禽育种攻关项目(2016NYZ0025、2016NYZ0043) 语种：中文; 页：ZGJQ201904002 页数：4 CN：04 ISSN：32-1222/S 分类号：7-10

摘要

我国畜禽育种成就显著,但由于生产效率低,产品缺乏价格优势,整个畜禽种业尚不能在国际竞争中取得有利地位。目前畜禽种业存在的问题与畜禽育种研究密切相关,需要采用系统工程思想对育种系统进行科学指导,即通过工程化育种来支撑种业的发展。文章以我国畜禽育种现状、存在的问题作为切入点,基于系统工程三维空间法与畜禽育种高度契合,提出了畜禽工程化育种的理念,并从时间维、逻辑维和知识维三个方面将畜禽育种分为七个步骤,通过程序软件、育种设备、物联网、专家系统等载体组装,对资源和育种要素进行优化,最终实现遗传育种研究成果在育种实践中的有效应用;同时,阐述了在工程化育种全局统筹下我国畜禽工程化育种的研究方向。
        Animal breeding in China has made remarkable achievements in recent years, but still remains a disadvantage in international competition due to the low production efficiency and lack of price superiority. The current issue of livestock and poultry industry is closely related to the research on animal breeding and genetics, thus it is necessary to introduce system engineering ideology to breeding system. Based on the high compatibility of three-dimensional space method and animal breeding, this paper proposed a concept of engineering breeding as response to present situation of livestock and poultry breeding. Animal breeding was divided into seven processes from three aspects: time dimension, logic dimension and knowledge dimension. Resources and breeding elements were optimized after assembling of‘vehicles' such as program software, breeding equipment, Internet of Things, expert system, etc., to improve the application of genetic breeding achievement effectively in breeding practice. Meanwhile, this paper expounded the research direction of livestock and poultry breeding in terms of overall planning of engineering breeding.

引文

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