纳米碳与枯草菌对黄瓜幼苗生长及土壤环境的影响

详细信息    查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

英文篇名：Effect of nano-carbon sol and Bacillus subtilis on cucumber growth and soil environment 作者：周艳超 ; 吴艳红 ; 田兴武 ; 周海霞 ; 韩泽宇 ; 刘吉青 ; 兰挚谦 ; 张雪艳 英文作者：ZHOU Yanchao;WU Yanhong;TIAN Xingwu;ZHOU Haixia;HAN Zeyu;LIU Jiqing;LAN Zhiqian;ZHANG Xueyan;School of Agriculture, Ningxia University;Wuzhong National Agricultural Science and Technology Park Management Committee; 关键词：纳米碳溶胶 ; 枯草芽孢杆菌 ; 黄瓜 ; 生物有机肥 英文关键词：nano-carbon sol;;Bacillus subtilis;;cucumber;;bio-organic fertilizer 中文刊名：ZJNB 英文刊名：Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis 机构：宁夏大学农学院;吴忠国家农业科技园区管理委员会; 出版日期：2019-03-25 出版单位：浙江农业学报 年：2019 期：v.31;No.196 基金：自治区“十三五”重大研发项目(2016BZ0902);; “十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD05B02);; 吴忠国家园区专项(2016BN05);; 自治区科技创新领军人才(KJT2017001);; 园艺学产教融合示范专业建设项目(030103040021) 语种：中文; 页：ZJNB201903007 页数：9 CN：03 ISSN：33-1151/S 分类号：53-61

摘要

为筛选适宜黄瓜苗期生长的枯草芽孢杆菌浓度,以黄瓜幼苗为材料,设置纳米碳溶胶和枯草芽孢杆菌浓度双因素试验,纳米碳溶胶稀释倍数设0、350、650倍,枯草芽孢杆菌浓度为0、8×10~7、1.6×10~8 CFU·mL~(-1),分析枯草芽孢杆菌和纳米碳溶胶对黄瓜苗期长势、根系生长状况和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,适宜浓度的枯草芽孢杆菌和纳米碳溶胶能够显著增强黄瓜幼苗的地上、地下部分生长,改善土壤状况。单施情况下,1.6×10~8 CFU·mL~(-1)枯草芽孢杆菌处理可以促进根系生长,显著降低土壤电导率(EC值)的同时提升土壤P含量,增强土壤酶活性,增加细菌、放线菌数量;650倍纳米碳溶胶处理可以显著促进植株叶片生长,提升土壤有机质含量和蔗糖酶活性,土壤放线菌数量增加57.36%。8×10~7 CFU·mL~(-1)枯草芽孢杆菌与650倍纳米碳溶胶共处理使株高相对生长率提高6.51%,显著促进根系生长,根系干质量、鲜质量、表面积、直径和体积均为处理中最高,比未添加菌剂与纳米碳的处理分别提高56.63%、57.14%、66.15%、56.55%、21.94%,降低土壤EC值,土壤中细菌数量是未添加菌剂与纳米碳的1.85倍,综合表现最优。
        In order to screen the suitable concentration of Bacillus subtilis for cucumber seedling growth, the two-factor test of nano-carbon sol and Bacillus subtilis was carried out with cucumber seedlings which as the material. The dilution ratio of nano-carbon sol was set at 0, 350 and 650 times, and the concentration of Bacillus subtilis was 0, 8×10~7 and 1.6×10~8 CFU·mL~(-1), respectively. The effects of Bacillus subtilis and nano-carbon sol on cucumber seedling growth, root growth and soil fertility were analyzed. The results showed that suitable concentration of Bacillus subtilis and nano-carbon sol could significantly enhance the growth of aboveground and underground parts of cucumber seedlings and improve soil conditions. Under single application, treatment with 1.6×10~8 CFU·mL~(-1) Bacillus subtilis promoted root growth, significantly reduced soil EC value while increasing soil P content, enhancing soil enzyme activity, and increasing number of bacteria and actinomycetes. 650 dilution multiple of nano-carbon sol significantly promoted plant leaf growth, soil organic matter content and sucrase activity, and increased the quantity of soil actinomycetes by 57.36%. The treatment of 8×10~7 CFU·mL~(-1) Bacillus subtilis + 650 dilution multiple of nano-carbon sol was optimal. Root fresh weight, dry weight, surface area, diameter and volume were the highest in these treatments, beyond the treatment without nano-carbon sol and bacillus subtilis 56.63%, 57.14%, 66.15%, 56.55% and 21.94%. The relative growth rate of plant height was increased by 6.51%. The EC value of soil was reduced. The amount of bacteria in the soil was 1.85 times of the non-added nano-carbon sol and bacillus subtilis, and the overall performance was the best.

引文

[1] 张国于, 董相玉. 浅谈化肥的施用所带来的危害[J]. 现代农业, 2010 (9):39.ZHANG G Y, DONG X Y. The harm caused by the application of chemical fertilizer[J]. Modern Agriculture, 2010 (9):39. (in Chinese)
    [2] 魏彬萌. 不同种类有机肥对土壤培肥效果的研究[J]. 陕西农业科学, 2017, 63(10):73-77, 79.WEI B Y. Study on the effect of different kinds of organic fertilizer on soil fertilizer[J]. Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 63(10):73-77, 79.
    [3] LARKIN R P, GRIFFIN T S. Control of soilborne potato diseases using Brassica green manures[J]. Crop Protection, 2007, 26(7):1067-1077.
    [4] 蔡燕飞, 廖宗文, 章家恩, 等. 生态有机肥对番茄青枯病及土壤微生物多样性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(3):349-353.CAI Y F, LIAO Z W, ZHANG J E, et al. Effect of ecological organic fertilizer on tomato bacterial wilt and soil microbial diversities[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(3):349-353. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [5] 张雪艳, 田蕾, 高艳明, 等. 生物有机肥对黄瓜幼苗生长、基质环境以及幼苗根系特征的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(1):117-125.ZHANG X Y, TIAN L, GAO Y M, et al. Effects of bioorganic fertilizer on cucumber seedling growth, substrate nutrient content and seedling root characteristics[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(1): 117-125. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [6] 杨健, 梁太波, 李海江, 等. 纳米碳溶胶对烤烟根系生理特性及钾吸收的影响[J]. 烟草科技, 2015, 48(1): 7-11. YANG J, LIANG T B, LI H J, et al. Effects of nano-carbon sol on physiological characteristics of root system and potassium absorption of flue-cured tobacco[J]. Tobacco Science & Technology, 2015, 48(1): 7-11. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [7] KHODAKOVSKAYA M, DERVISHI E, MAHMOOD M, et al. Carbon nanotubes were able to penetrate plant seed coat and dramatically affect seed germination and plant growth[J]. ACS Nano, 2009, 3(10): 3221-3227.
    [8] NAIR R, MOHAMED M S, GAO W, et al. Effect of carbon anomaterials on the germination and growth of rice plants[J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2012, 12(3):2212-2220.
    [9] 游偲, 张立猛, 计思贵, 等. 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对烟草根际土壤细菌群落的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(11):3323-3330.YOU C, ZHANG L M, JI S G, et al. Impact of biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis on bacterial communities in tobacco rhizospheric[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(11):3323-3330. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [10] 张成省, 孔凡玉, 刘朝科, 等. 枯草芽孢杆菌Tpb55挥发物对烟草的防病促生效应[J]. 中国生物防治, 2009, 25(3):245-249.ZHANG C S, KONG F Y, LIU C K, et al. Tobacco growth enhancement and disease protection by the volatile-producing Bacillus subtilis Tpb55[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2009, 25(3):245-249. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [11] 张雪艳, 张亚萍, 许帆, 等. 单一或组合生防菌对田间番茄植株生长和线虫的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2016 (7): 108-112. ZHANG X Y, ZHANG Y P, XU F, et al. Effect of single or combination biocontrol agent on growth and nematode in tomato plants[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2016 (7): 108-112. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [12] 胡小加, 江木兰, 张银波, 等. 枯草芽孢杆菌Tu-100对几种作物的促生效果[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2005, 27(4):92-94.HU X J, JIANG M L, ZHANG Y B, et al. Effects of Bacillus subtilis Tu-100 on growth of several crops[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2005, 27(4):92-94. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [13] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2008: 39-114.
    [14] 李阜棣, 喻子牛, 何绍江. 农业微生物学实验技术[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1996: 305-306.
    [15] 周礼恺, 张志明. 土壤酶活性的测定方法[J]. 土壤通报, 1980 (5):37-38, 49.ZHOU L K,ZHANG Z M. Determination of soil enzyme activity[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 1980 (5):37-38, 49. (in Chinese)
    [16] BOUMA T J, NIELSEN K L, KOUTSTAAL B. Sample preparation and scanning protocol for computerised analysis of root length and diameter[J]. Plant and Soil, 2000, 218(1/2):185-196.
    [17] 逄焕成, 李玉义, 严慧峻, 等. 微生物菌剂对盐碱土理化和生物性状影响的研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2009, 28(5):951-955.PANG H C, LI Y Y, YAN H J, et al. Effects of inoculating different microorganism agents on the improvement of salinized soil[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2009, 28(5):951-955. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [18] 王宝林, 梁太波, 张艳玲, 等. 纳米碳溶胶对烤烟生长发育及养分吸收积累的影响[J]. 烟草科技, 2013 (9):72-75, 86.WANG B L, LIANG T B, ZHANG Y L, et al. Effects of nano-carbon sol on growth, development, nutrient absorption and accumulation of flue-cured tobacco[J]. Tobacco Science & Technology, 2013 (9):72-75, 86. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [19] 褚光. 不同水分、养分利用效率水稻品种的根系特征及其调控技术[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2016.CHU G. Roots traits for rice varieties with different water and nitrogen use efficiencies and their regulation techniques[D]. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University, 2016. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [20] 孙朋成. 三种环境材料对土壤铅镉固化及氮肥增效机理研究[D]. 北京: 中国矿业大学(北京), 2016.SUN P C. Research on the mechanism of lead and cadmium solidification and nitrogen fertilizer synergy by three kinds of environmental materials[D]. Beijing: China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 2016. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [21] 梁太波, 赵振杰, 王宝林, 等. 纳米碳溶胶对碱性土壤pH和养分含量的影响[J]. 土壤, 2017 (5): 958-962.LIANG T B, ZHAO Z J, WANG B L. Effects of nano carbon sols (NCS) on pH and nutrient contents of alkaline soil[J]. Soils, 2017 (5): 958-962. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [22] 连玲丽, 谢荔岩, 陈锦明, 等. 生防菌EN5的定殖能力及其对根际土壤微生物类群的影响[J]. 植物保护, 2011, 37(2):31-35.LIAN L L, XIE L Y, CHEN J M, et al. Colonization of biocontrol strain EN5 and its effects on rhizosphere soil microbial communities[J]. Plant Protection, 2011, 37(2):31-35. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [23] 张静, 杨江舟, 胡伟, 等. 生物有机肥对大豆红冠腐病及土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(3):548-554.ZHANG J, YANG J Z, HU W, et al. Effect of biological organic fertilizer on soybean red crown rot and soil enzyme activities[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2012, 31(3):548-554. (in Chinese with English abstract)