海南橡胶树白粉菌的群体遗传结构研究
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摘要
白粉病是海南橡胶树上发生最严重的叶部病害,为了明确海南橡胶树白粉菌群体的遗传结构,本研究对海南7个市(县)的橡胶树白粉菌的ITS序列进行分析。结果表明,95个病菌样品可推导出5种单倍型,其中单倍型H1包含样品数为88个,且在7个市(县)均有分布;三亚种群的单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性最高。总体和各地理群体的中性检验结果显示,群体扩张遵循中性进化,群体大小保持相对稳定。遗传分化指数(Fst)表明三亚种群与白沙、儋州、海口和琼中等四市(县)种群的遗传分化较大。AMOVA分析显示,遗传变异主要发生在种群内,占总变异的89.66%。因此海南橡胶树白粉菌菌株间虽存在一定的遗传分化,但整体遗传多样性偏低。
Powdery mildew, caused by Oidium heveae, is the most serious leaf disease of rubber tree in Hainan. To clarify the population genetic structure of O. heveae from rubber tree in Hainan Province, ITS sequences of 95 O. heveae strains from rubber tree in seven counties were analyzed in this study. The results showed that 5 haplotypes were identified. Eighty-eight strains were considered to be Haplotype 1 which was distributed in all sampled counties. Strains sampled from Sanya had the highest haplotype diversity(Hd) and nucleotide diversity(Pi). Neutrality test on all samples for each population showed that population expansion followed the neutral theory of molecular evolution and the population size remained relatively stable. The genetic differentiation index, Fst, revealed significant genetic differentiation between Sanya and Baisha, Danzhou, Haikou, and Qiongzhong populations. AMOVA test showed that the genetic differentiation mainly occurred within populations, which accounted for 89.66% of the genetic differentiation. Therefore,genetic differentiation has taken place to some extent in O. heveae from Hainan, but the genetic diversity of O. heveae from Hainan was still not high.
Powdery mildew, caused by Oidium heveae, is the most serious leaf disease of rubber tree in Hainan. To clarify the population genetic structure of O. heveae from rubber tree in Hainan Province, ITS sequences of 95 O. heveae strains from rubber tree in seven counties were analyzed in this study. The results showed that 5 haplotypes were identified. Eighty-eight strains were considered to be Haplotype 1 which was distributed in all sampled counties. Strains sampled from Sanya had the highest haplotype diversity(Hd) and nucleotide diversity(Pi). Neutrality test on all samples for each population showed that population expansion followed the neutral theory of molecular evolution and the population size remained relatively stable. The genetic differentiation index, Fst, revealed significant genetic differentiation between Sanya and Baisha, Danzhou, Haikou, and Qiongzhong populations. AMOVA test showed that the genetic differentiation mainly occurred within populations, which accounted for 89.66% of the genetic differentiation. Therefore,genetic differentiation has taken place to some extent in O. heveae from Hainan, but the genetic diversity of O. heveae from Hainan was still not high.
引文
[1] 何长辉, 刘锐金. 橡胶主产区自然灾害情况及农户应对措施——基于云南、海南入户调查数据的分析[J]. 热带农业科学, 2015, 35(5): 82-87.
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[7] 李河,朱丹雪,徐建平,等.引起油茶炭疽病胶孢炭疽菌种群遗传结构研究[J].植物病理学报,2014,44(6):620-628.
[8] 朱丹雪,周国英,徐建平,等.果生刺盘孢菌Colletotrichum fructicola群体遗传结构研究[J].菌物学报,2015,34(3):366-374.
[9] 李超,金海伦,高利,等.2016年北京地区玉蜀黍黑粉菌遗传多样性分析[J].植物病理学报,2018,48(5):632-639.
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[13] 位明明,李维国,黄华孙,等.中国天然橡胶主产区橡胶树品种区域配置建议[J].热带作物学报,2016,37(8):1634-1643.
[14] 祁栋灵,王秀全,黄月球,等.我国橡胶产业升级与关键技术调研报告——橡胶树品种选育及推广选用的几点思考与建议[J].中国农业科技导报,2010,12(2):69-75.
[2] 海南农垦科技编委会. 海南农垦橡胶树病虫害防治五十年[J]. 海南农垦科技, 2005, 17(2): 34-45.
[3] 曹学仁, 车海彦, 杨毅, 等. ENSO 事件与海南农垦橡胶白粉病发生流行的关系[J]. 植物保护, 2015, 41(6): 122-125.
[4] LE T T T, DUNG P N, LIEM N V. First report of powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe quercicola on Mandarin in Viet Nam [J]. Plant Disease, 2016, 100(6): 1239.
[5] LIYANAGE K K, KHAN S, MORTIMER P E, et al. Powdery mildew disease of rubber tree[J]. Forest Pathology, 2016, 46(2): 90-103.
[6] LIYANAGE K K, KHAN S, BROOKS S, et al. Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analyses of rubber powdery mildew fungi [J]. Microbial Pathogenesis, 2017, 105: 185-195.
[7] 李河,朱丹雪,徐建平,等.引起油茶炭疽病胶孢炭疽菌种群遗传结构研究[J].植物病理学报,2014,44(6):620-628.
[8] 朱丹雪,周国英,徐建平,等.果生刺盘孢菌Colletotrichum fructicola群体遗传结构研究[J].菌物学报,2015,34(3):366-374.
[9] 李超,金海伦,高利,等.2016年北京地区玉蜀黍黑粉菌遗传多样性分析[J].植物病理学报,2018,48(5):632-639.
[10] TAMURA K, STECHER G, PETERSON D, et al. MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0 [J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2013, 30(12): 2725-2729.
[11] LIBRADO P, ROZAS J. DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data [J]. Bioinformatics, 2009, 25: 1451-1452.
[12] EXCOFFIER L, LISCHER H E. Arlequin suite ver 3.5: a new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows [J]. Molecular Ecology Resources, 2010, 10: 564-567.
[13] 位明明,李维国,黄华孙,等.中国天然橡胶主产区橡胶树品种区域配置建议[J].热带作物学报,2016,37(8):1634-1643.
[14] 祁栋灵,王秀全,黄月球,等.我国橡胶产业升级与关键技术调研报告——橡胶树品种选育及推广选用的几点思考与建议[J].中国农业科技导报,2010,12(2):69-75.