基于熵权的模糊评价法对日照市茶园土壤养分分析与质量评价
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摘要
为提高日照市茶园产量、保障茶叶质量安全,促进茶园良性发展,采集日照市茶园表层(0～20 cm)土壤样品159个,分析土壤样品中的pH值和有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等指标的含量状况,并运用模糊评判法对土壤肥力质量进行综合评价。结果表明:日照市茶园土壤的pH值变化范围为pH 3.48～pH 6.84,茶园土壤整体pH值处于适宜范围,部分土壤pH值偏低;土壤有机质含量整体处于缺乏状态,空间差异较大,46.54%的土壤样品处于三级茶园养分标准;各茶区土壤速效磷、速效钾和缓效钾含量较为适宜,但区域差异明显。日照市茶园土壤IFI值范围为0.342～0.984,大多数处于Ⅰ、Ⅱ级,属于中等水平,所占比例为81.13%,Ⅰ级占57.86%,包括皂户沟、后马庄、薄家口、老龙窝、南陈家沟和后黄埠;属于Ⅱ级的茶区分别为下大峪、崖头村、常家庄、苏家村和瀚林春。
To improve the tea yield in Rizhao tea plantation, ensure the quality and safety of tea and promote the healthy development of tea plantation, the authors collected 159 samples from the surface of tea plantation soils(0-20 cm) in Rizhao. Soil pH value and the content of organic matter, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus, and available potassium were analyzed. The fuzzy evaluation method was used to evaluate the soil fertility quality comprehensively. The results showed that the pH value ranged from 3.48 to6.84, the overall pH value of tea plantation soil was in the proper range, and the pH value of some soil was low.The content of organic matter in the whole soil was in a deficient state with a large spatial difference, 46.54%soil samples were in the third-grade tea garden nutrient standard. The content of available phosphorus,available potassium and slow-acting potassium in the soil of each tea area were suitable, but the regional difference was obvious. The IFI value of tea soil in Rizhao City ranged from 0.342 to 0.984, most of which were in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ belonged to medium level, accounted for 81.13%, grade Ⅰ accounted for 57.86%, including Zaohugou, Houmazhuang, Bojiakou, Laolongwo, South Chenjiagou and Houhuangbu; and the tea areas belonged to Grade Ⅱ were Xiadayu, Yatoucun, Changjiazhuang, Sujiacun and Hanlinchun.
To improve the tea yield in Rizhao tea plantation, ensure the quality and safety of tea and promote the healthy development of tea plantation, the authors collected 159 samples from the surface of tea plantation soils(0-20 cm) in Rizhao. Soil pH value and the content of organic matter, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus, and available potassium were analyzed. The fuzzy evaluation method was used to evaluate the soil fertility quality comprehensively. The results showed that the pH value ranged from 3.48 to6.84, the overall pH value of tea plantation soil was in the proper range, and the pH value of some soil was low.The content of organic matter in the whole soil was in a deficient state with a large spatial difference, 46.54%soil samples were in the third-grade tea garden nutrient standard. The content of available phosphorus,available potassium and slow-acting potassium in the soil of each tea area were suitable, but the regional difference was obvious. The IFI value of tea soil in Rizhao City ranged from 0.342 to 0.984, most of which were in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ belonged to medium level, accounted for 81.13%, grade Ⅰ accounted for 57.86%, including Zaohugou, Houmazhuang, Bojiakou, Laolongwo, South Chenjiagou and Houhuangbu; and the tea areas belonged to Grade Ⅱ were Xiadayu, Yatoucun, Changjiazhuang, Sujiacun and Hanlinchun.
引文
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[31]阮建云,吴洵,Hardter R.茶园土壤钾素容量/强度关系及施用钾镁肥的影响[J].茶叶科学,1996(02):15-20.
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[33]张亚莲,曾跃辉,常硕其,等.红壤茶园有效钾含量及施钾效果[J].茶叶通讯,2004(4):11-13.
[34]谭和平,陈能武,黄苹,等.四川茶区土壤营养元素背景值研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(6):784-788.
[2]杨亚军.中国茶树栽培学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005.
[3]高菲菲,李家华,周平,等.云南省普洱市茶园土壤养分调查分析[J].土壤通报,2013,44(2):398-402.
[4]宗良纲,周俊,罗敏,等.江苏茶园土壤环境质量现状分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2006,14(4):61-64.
[5]傅海平.湖南省茶叶研究所茶园土壤养分现状及20余年变化研究[A].中国茶叶学会.中国茶叶科技创新与产业发展学术研讨会论文集[C].中国茶叶学会,2009:9.
[6]潘永敏,郑俊,沈兵,等.苏中地区县域农田土壤肥力综合评价-以江都市为例[J].地质学刊,2011,35(2):170-176.
[7]段永惠.模糊综合评价在土壤环境质量评价中的应用研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2004,20(4):303-305.
[8]卜全民.环境质量模糊评价方法应用研究[D].南京:河海大学,2007.
[9]吕新,寇金梅,李宏伟.模糊评判方法在土壤肥力综合评价中的应用研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(3):56-59.
[10]董文涛,路明浩,韦大山,等.基于模糊数学方法的土壤肥力综合评价及应用[J].资源开发与市场,2011,27(6):511-513.
[11]Zheng Z,He X,Li T.Status and Evaluation of the Soil Nutrients in Tea Plantation[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2012,12(Part A):45-51.
[12]肖秋生,聂俊华,陈红艳.系统聚类分析在区域性土壤养分管理中的应用[J].山东科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,22(3):109-111.
[13]郭旭东,傅伯杰,马克明,等.基于GIS和地统计学的土壤养分空间变异特征研究-以河北省遵化市为例[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(4):557-563.
[14]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[15]刘凤枝,李玉浸.土壤监测分析技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2015.
[16]中华人民共和国农业部.绿色食品产地环境技术条件(NY/T 391-2000)[S].北京:中国标准出版局,2000.
[17]中华人民共和国农业部.茶叶产地环境技术条件(NY/Y853-2004)[S].北京:中国标准出版局,2000.
[18]韩文炎,阮建云,林智,等.茶园土壤主要营养障碍因子及系列茶树专用肥的研制[J].茶叶科学,2002,22(1):70-74,65.
[19]Zhang W,Chen H S,Wang K L,et al.The heterogeneity and its influencing factors of Soil Nutrients in Peak-Cluster depression areas of Karst Region[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2007,6(3):101-105.
[20]任艳芳,何俊瑜,张艳超,等.贵州省开阳茶园土壤养分状况与肥力质量评价[J].土壤,2016,48(4):668-674.
[21]廖万有.我国茶园土壤的酸化及其防治[J].农业环境保护,1998,17(4):178-180.
[22]薛正平,杨星卫,段项锁,等.土壤养分空间变异及合理取样数研究[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(4):6-9.
[23]陈宗懋,杨亚军.中国茶经[M].上海:上海文化出版社,2011.
[24]杨江帆,李闽榕.中国茶产业发展报告(2013)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2013.
[25]孙波,张桃林,赵其国.我国东南丘陵山区土壤肥力的综合评价[J].土壤学报,1995,32(4):362-369.
[26]张亚莲,罗淑华.湖南省茶园土壤养分丰缺指标及配方施肥[J].茶叶科学,1997,17(2):161-170.
[27]颜雄,张杨珠,周卫军,等.长沙县“百里茶廊”6个茶叶基地的土壤肥力质量评价[J].农业现代化研究,2007,28(3):354-357.
[28]何俊瑜,陈博,陈秀兰,等.贵州铜仁地区主要烟区植烟土壤养分状况[J].土壤,2012,44(6):953-959
[29]高菲菲.云南省茶叶主产区茶园土壤养分状况分析与评价[D].昆明:云南农业大学,2013.
[30]张福锁.协调作物高产与环境保护的养分资源综合管理技术研究与应用[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2008.
[31]阮建云,吴洵,Hardter R.茶园土壤钾素容量/强度关系及施用钾镁肥的影响[J].茶叶科学,1996(02):15-20.
[32]吴云,杨剑虹,魏朝富.重庆茶园土壤酸化及肥力特征的研究[J].土壤通报,2004,35(6):715-719.
[33]张亚莲,曾跃辉,常硕其,等.红壤茶园有效钾含量及施钾效果[J].茶叶通讯,2004(4):11-13.
[34]谭和平,陈能武,黄苹,等.四川茶区土壤营养元素背景值研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(6):784-788.
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