基于超算的大电网数字并行仿真系统构建及应用
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摘要
交直流大电网日趋复杂,仿真计算精细度和作业量大幅增加,为了解决运行仿真分析中"算不快"的问题,国家电网构建了基于超算的数字并行仿真系统。首先介绍了该系统总体架构,包含超算平台、数据平台和协同计算平台3部分,实现了海量机电暂态、电磁暂态、机电–电磁混合仿真作业的任务并行和分网并行处理,并可面向"国–分–省"三级调度提供远程云仿真服务;然后介绍了系统构建中研发的大电网多层级分网并行、厂家直流控保模型联合仿真等关键技术;最后通过暂态故障批量扫描、实际电网故障反演等应用验证了仿真系统的计算效率和精度。
With increasing complexity of large-scale AC/DC power grid, the simulation models and algorithms are more detailed, and the amount of contingency cases increases.To enhance simulation efficiency, a digital parallel simulation system based on supercomputing technology is built by the State Grid. In this paper, firstly, the overall system architecture is proposed, consisting of supercomputing platform, data management platform and coordinated simulation platform.With these platforms, massive simulation cases of electro-mechanical transient(TS), electro-magnetic transient(EMT) and hybrid TS-EMT are processed in case parallel mode and sub-grid parallel mode, and remote cloud simulation services are provided to state-region-province three-layer dispatching centers. Secondly, key technologies of the system are presented, such as large-scale multi-layer parallel simulation, co-simulation with manufacturer's HVDC models,etc. Finally, several actual applications, including batch scanning of contingency cases and fault recurrence, are presented to demonstrates efficiency and accuracy of the system simulation.
With increasing complexity of large-scale AC/DC power grid, the simulation models and algorithms are more detailed, and the amount of contingency cases increases.To enhance simulation efficiency, a digital parallel simulation system based on supercomputing technology is built by the State Grid. In this paper, firstly, the overall system architecture is proposed, consisting of supercomputing platform, data management platform and coordinated simulation platform.With these platforms, massive simulation cases of electro-mechanical transient(TS), electro-magnetic transient(EMT) and hybrid TS-EMT are processed in case parallel mode and sub-grid parallel mode, and remote cloud simulation services are provided to state-region-province three-layer dispatching centers. Secondly, key technologies of the system are presented, such as large-scale multi-layer parallel simulation, co-simulation with manufacturer's HVDC models,etc. Finally, several actual applications, including batch scanning of contingency cases and fault recurrence, are presented to demonstrates efficiency and accuracy of the system simulation.
引文
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[16]陈颖,宋炎侃,黄少伟,等.基于GPU的大规模配电网电磁暂态并行仿真技术[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):82-88.Chen Ying,Song Yankan,Huang Shaowei,et al.GPU-based techniques of parallel electromagnetic transient simulation for largescale distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):82-88(in Chinese).
[17]董毅峰,王彦良,韩佶,等.电力系统高效电磁暂态仿真技术综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(8):2212-2231.Dong Yifeng,Wang Yanliang,Han Ji,et al.Review of high efficiency digital electromagnetic transient simulation technology in power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(8):2212-2231(in Chinese).
[18]周兴铭.高性能计算技术发展[J].自然杂志,2011,33(5):249-254.Zhou Xingming.High performance computing[J].Chinese Journal of Nature,2011,33(5):249-254(in Chinese).
[19]厉军.中国超算产业的发展现状与展望[J].中国科学院院刊,2015,30(1):16-23.Li Jun.Status and perspectives of Chinese supercomputing industry[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2015,30(1):16-23(in Chinese).
[20]王春光.面向云服务的超算中心资源综合调度关键技术研究与实现[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2015.
[21]熊力,桂胜,凌智,等.基于云计算的大电网在线分析计算模式研究[J].电气应用,2015,34(5):124-129.
[22]岳程燕,田芳,周孝信,等.电力系统电磁暂态-机电暂态混合仿真接口原理[J].电网技术,2006,30(1):23-27.Yue Chengyan,Tian Fang,Zhou Xiaoxin,et al.Principle of interfaces for hybrid simulation of power system electromagneticelectromechanical transient process[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(1):23-27(in Chinese).
[23]张树卿,梁旭,童陆园,等.电力系统电磁/机电暂态实时混合仿真的关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(15):89-96.Zhang Shuqin,Liang Xu,Tong Luyuan,et al.Key technologies of the power system electromagnetic/electromechanical real-time hybrid simulation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(15):89-96(in Chinese).
[24]李亚楼.大规模电力系统机电暂态实时仿真算法及软件的研究[D].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2003.
[25]Louie K W,Wang A,Wilson P,et al.Discussion on the initialization of the EMTP-type programs[C]//Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering.St John’s,NL,Canada:IEEE,2005.
[2]李亚楼,张星,李勇杰,等.交直流混联大电网仿真技术现状及面临挑战[J].电力建设,2015,36(12):1-8.Li Yalou,Zhang Xing,Li Yongjie,et al.Present situation and challenges of AC/DC hybrid large-Scale power grid simulation technology[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(12):1-8(in Chinese).
[3]程改红,陆韶琦,邵冲,等.大规模交直流电力系统电磁暂态仿真高效建模方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1919-1926.Cheng Gaihong,Lu Shaoqi,Shao Chong,et al.A high efficiency modeling method for electromagnetic transient simulation of large scale AC/DC power system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1919-1926(in Chinese).
[4]韩平平,方佳维,丁明,等.利用特征值分析法的双馈风电机组模型降阶[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2017,29(8):8-14.Han Pingping,Fang Jiawei,Ding Ming,et al.Simplification of DFIGmodels with eigenvalue analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2017,29(8):8-14(in Chinese).
[5]赵云灏.高压直流系统动态相量建模与控制策略研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017.
[6]廖书寒,查晓明,黄萌,等.适用于电力电子化电力系统的同调等值判据[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(9):2589-2598.Liao Shuhan,Zha Xiaoming,Huang Meng,et al.Coherency criterion applicable to power electronics dominated large power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(9):2589-2598(in Chinese).
[7]晁璞璞,李卫星,金小明.关于双馈风电场动态等值的认识和探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(12):194-199.Chao Pupu,Li Weixing,Jin Xiaoming.Views and discussions on dynamic equivalent of DFIG wind farms[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(12):194-199(in Chinese).
[8]Anupindi K,Skjellum A,Coddington P,et al.Parallel differentialalgebraic equation solvers for power system transient stability analysis[C]//Proceedings of Scalable Parallel Libraries Conference.Mississippi State,USA:IEEE,1993:240-244.
[9]刘书君,杨虎,安学利.基于一类新的预估_校正策略的电力系统暂态稳定快速仿真算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(14):32-37.Liu Shujun,Yang Hu,An Xueli.Fast simulation algorithm for power system transient stability based on a new predictor-corrector strategy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(14):32-37(in Chinese).
[10]Aloisio G,Bochicchio M A,La Scala M,et al.A distributed computing approach for real-time transient stability analysis[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,1997,12(2):981-987.
[11]Ezhilarasi G A,Swarup K S.Parallel contingency analysis in a high performance computing environment[C]//2009 International Conference on Power Systems.Kharagpur,India:IEEE,2009.
[12]王成山,杨建林,张家安,等.一种暂态稳定并行仿真的改进算法及其加速比分析[J].电力自动化设备,2006,26(5):1-4.Wang Chengshan,Yang Jianlin,Zhang Jiaan,et al.Improved parallel algorithm for transient stability simulation and analysis of its speedup[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2006,26(5):1-4(in Chinese).
[13]Kowada Y,Iyoda I,Sato N,et al.A study on parallel processing of electro-magnetic transient simulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1995,10(3):1505-1510.
[14]Li Yalou,Zhou Xiaoxin,Wu Zhongxi,et al.Parallel algorithms for transient stability simulation on PC cluster[C]//International Conference on Power System Technology.Kunming,China:IEEE,2002.
[15]江涵.大规模电力系统暂态稳定并行计算研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[16]陈颖,宋炎侃,黄少伟,等.基于GPU的大规模配电网电磁暂态并行仿真技术[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):82-88.Chen Ying,Song Yankan,Huang Shaowei,et al.GPU-based techniques of parallel electromagnetic transient simulation for largescale distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):82-88(in Chinese).
[17]董毅峰,王彦良,韩佶,等.电力系统高效电磁暂态仿真技术综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(8):2212-2231.Dong Yifeng,Wang Yanliang,Han Ji,et al.Review of high efficiency digital electromagnetic transient simulation technology in power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(8):2212-2231(in Chinese).
[18]周兴铭.高性能计算技术发展[J].自然杂志,2011,33(5):249-254.Zhou Xingming.High performance computing[J].Chinese Journal of Nature,2011,33(5):249-254(in Chinese).
[19]厉军.中国超算产业的发展现状与展望[J].中国科学院院刊,2015,30(1):16-23.Li Jun.Status and perspectives of Chinese supercomputing industry[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2015,30(1):16-23(in Chinese).
[20]王春光.面向云服务的超算中心资源综合调度关键技术研究与实现[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2015.
[21]熊力,桂胜,凌智,等.基于云计算的大电网在线分析计算模式研究[J].电气应用,2015,34(5):124-129.
[22]岳程燕,田芳,周孝信,等.电力系统电磁暂态-机电暂态混合仿真接口原理[J].电网技术,2006,30(1):23-27.Yue Chengyan,Tian Fang,Zhou Xiaoxin,et al.Principle of interfaces for hybrid simulation of power system electromagneticelectromechanical transient process[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(1):23-27(in Chinese).
[23]张树卿,梁旭,童陆园,等.电力系统电磁/机电暂态实时混合仿真的关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(15):89-96.Zhang Shuqin,Liang Xu,Tong Luyuan,et al.Key technologies of the power system electromagnetic/electromechanical real-time hybrid simulation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(15):89-96(in Chinese).
[24]李亚楼.大规模电力系统机电暂态实时仿真算法及软件的研究[D].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2003.
[25]Louie K W,Wang A,Wilson P,et al.Discussion on the initialization of the EMTP-type programs[C]//Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering.St John’s,NL,Canada:IEEE,2005.
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