面向能源互联网的新一代电力系统运行模式研究
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摘要
电能是所有一次能源可以转化的二次能源,电网是各种能源转换、互联、传输、交互的最佳实现模式。随着大规模可再生能源发电的接入,传统电网的运行模式已不能适应电源侧和负荷侧双向随机变动的运行需求。研究面向能源互联网的电力系统运行新模式是构建新一代电力系统的迫切需求。该文对能源互联网及其他能源系统进行了对比,研究了传统电力系统的运行机制,分析了传统电力系统各发展阶段的运行模式及特点,对新型电力系统的运行模式进行深入探讨,提出基于电力市场主导的发电、输电、用电实时平衡的电力系统动态模型;进而提出了通过构建电力三次系统,即由电力信息二元网络,实现对电网的广域测量、动态感知和协调控制,为能源互联网的市场化运作、智能化调控、经济化运行提供平台支撑;最后展望了基于数据驱动技术和混成控制技术的新一代电力系统控制策略。
Electric is the secondary energy that all primary energy can be converted to, and the power grid is the implementation mode of energy network interconnection. With the large-scale access of renewable energy, the operation mode of traditional power grid is difficult to adapt to the two-way random change operation requirements between power side and load side. The study of power system's operation mode based on the energy internet is an urgent need to build a new generation of power system. In this paper, the similarities and differences between energy internet and other energy systems were compared, the operation modes and characteristics of the traditional power system in different stages were studied, by analyzing the operation mode of the new generation power system, the real time electricity generation, transmission and consumption balance relationship dominated by the electricity market was put forward, and the relevant dynamic model was constructed. Furthermore, the power tertiary system was defined, which employed the intelligent electric-information combined network to achieve wide-area grid measurement,dynamic perception and coordinated control, provided practical support for the market-oriented process, intelligent control and economic operate of the energy internet. Finally, the control strategy of new generation electric power system based on data-driven technology and hybrid control technology was prospected.
Electric is the secondary energy that all primary energy can be converted to, and the power grid is the implementation mode of energy network interconnection. With the large-scale access of renewable energy, the operation mode of traditional power grid is difficult to adapt to the two-way random change operation requirements between power side and load side. The study of power system's operation mode based on the energy internet is an urgent need to build a new generation of power system. In this paper, the similarities and differences between energy internet and other energy systems were compared, the operation modes and characteristics of the traditional power system in different stages were studied, by analyzing the operation mode of the new generation power system, the real time electricity generation, transmission and consumption balance relationship dominated by the electricity market was put forward, and the relevant dynamic model was constructed. Furthermore, the power tertiary system was defined, which employed the intelligent electric-information combined network to achieve wide-area grid measurement,dynamic perception and coordinated control, provided practical support for the market-oriented process, intelligent control and economic operate of the energy internet. Finally, the control strategy of new generation electric power system based on data-driven technology and hybrid control technology was prospected.
引文
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[2]刘吉臻.大规模新能源电力安全高效利用基础问题[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(16):1-8.Liu Jizhen.Basic issues of the utilization of large-scale renewable power with high security and efficiency[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(16):1-8(in Chinese).
[3]丁明,王伟胜,王秀丽,等.大规模光伏发电对电力系统影响综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):1-14.Ding Ming,Wang Weisheng,Wang Xiuli,et al.A review on the effect of large-scale PV generation on power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):1-14(in Chinese).
[4]薛禹胜,雷兴,薛峰,等.关于风电不确定性对电力系统影响的评述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5029-5040.Xue Yusheng,Lei Xing,Xue Feng,et al.A review on impacts of wind power uncertainties on power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(29):5029-5040(in Chinese).
[5]舒印彪,张智刚,郭剑波,等.新能源消纳关键因素分析及解决措施研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):1-8.Shu Yinbiao,Zhang Zhigang,Guo Jianbo,et al.Study on key factors and solution of renewable energy accommodation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):1-8(in Chinese).
[6]李琥,周琪,史静,等.大规模电动汽车接入电网对南京市负荷特性的影响及对策[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(S1):19-24.Li Hu,Zhou Qi,Shi Jing,et al.Impact of large-scale electric vehicles connected to power grid on the load characteristics in nanjing city and the corresponding countermeasures[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2016,28(S1):19-24(in Chinese).
[7]周孝信,陈树勇,鲁宗相.电网和电网技术发展的回顾与展望--试论三代电网[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(22):1-11.Zhou Xiaoxin,Chen Shuyong,Lu Zongxiang.Review and prospect for power system development and related technologies:a concept of three-generation power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(22):1-11(in Chinese).
[8]梅生伟,龚媛,刘锋.三代电网演化模型及特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(7):1003-1012.Mei Shengwei,Gong Yuan,Liu Feng.The evolution model of three-generation power systems and characteristic analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(7):1003-1012(in Chinese).
[9]刘振亚.智能电网技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010.Liu Zhenya.Smart grid technology[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2010(in Chinese).
[10]U.S.Department of Energy.The pacific northwest smart grid demonstration project[EB/OL].U.S.Department of Energy,2015[2017-10-25].http://www.pnwsmartgrid.org/about.asp.
[11]周京阳,王斌,周劼英,等.市场机制下智能电网调度控制系统调度计划应用模型及分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(1):124-130.Zhou Jingyang,Wang Bin,Zhou Jieying,et al.Applied model and analysis of dispatching plan in smart grid dispatching and control systems under market mechanism[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(1):124-130(in Chinese).
[12]张晓萱,薛松,杨素,等.售电侧市场放开国际经验及其启示[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(9):1-8.Zhang Xiaoxuan,Xue Song,Yang Su,et al.International experience and lessons in power sales side market liberalization[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(9):1-8(in Chinese).
[13]赵俊华,文福拴,薛禹胜,等.电力信息物理融合系统的建模分析与控制研究框架[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(16):1-8.Zhao Junhua,Wen Fushuan,Xue Yusheng,et al.Modeling analysis and control research framework of cyber physical power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(16):1-8(in Chinese).
[14]刘东,盛万兴,王云,等.电网信息物理系统的关键技术及其进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3522-3531.Liu Dong,Sheng Wanxing,Wang Yun,et al.Key technologies and trends of cyber physical system for power grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3522-3531(in Chinese).
[15]李建锋,牛东晓,吴倩,等.基于CPS的电力供需互动技术及平台发展[J].中国电力,2017,50(6):82-87.Li Jianfeng,Niu Dongxiao,Wu Qian,et al.Development of electricity supply-demand interactive technology and platform based on cyber-physical system[J].Electric Power,2017,50(6):82-87(in Chinese).
[16]刘振亚.全球能源互联网[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2015.Liu Zhenya.Global energy internet[J].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2015(in Chinese).
[17]吴克河,王继业,朱亚运.基于OSI的能源互联网模型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(3):685-695.Wu Kehe,Wang Jiye,Zhu Yayun.Study of energy internet model based on OSI[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(3):685-695(in Chinese).
[18]彭克,张聪,徐丙垠,等.多能协同综合能源系统示范工程现状与展望[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(6):3-10.Peng Ke,Zhang Cong,Xu Bingyin,et al.Status and prospect of pilot projects of integrated energy system with multi-energy collaboration[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(6):3-10(in Chinese).
[19]曾鸣,韩旭,李冉,等.能源互联微网系统供需双侧多能协同优化策略及其求解算法[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):409-417.Zeng Ming,Han Xu,Li Ran,et al.Multi-energy synergistic optimization strategy of micro energy internet with supply and demand sides considered and its algorithm utilized[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(2):409-417(in Chinese).
[20]Geidl M,Koeppel G,Favre-Perrod P,et al.Energy hubs for the future[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2007,5(1):24-30.
[21]孙宏斌,潘昭光,郭庆来.多能流能量管理研究:挑战与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):1-8,16.Sun Hongbin,Pan Zhaoguang,Guo Qinglai.Energy management for multi-energy flow:challenges and prospects[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(15):1-8,16(in Chinese).
[22]别朝红,王旭,胡源.能源互联网规划研究综述及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(22):6445-6462.Bie Zhaohong,Wang Xu,Hu Yuan.Review and prospect of planning of energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(22):6445-6462(in Chinese).
[23]陈珩.电力系统稳态分析[M].4版.北京:中国电力出版社,2015.Chen Heng.Power system steady-state analysis[M].4th ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2015(in Chinese).
[24]周欢.新能源电力系统源荷互动关键问题的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.Zhuo Huan.Research on key issues of source and load interaction of alternate electric power system[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2016(in Chinese).
[25]Oncor Electric Delivery Company.Dynamic line rating oncor electric delivery smart grid program final report[R].USA,2013.
[26]曹军威,孟坤,王继业,等.能源互联网与能源路由器[J].中国科学:信息科学,2014,44(6):714-727.Cao Junwei,Meng Kun,Wang Jiye,et al.An energy internet and energy routers[J].Scientia Sinica:Informationis,2014,44(6):714-727(in Chinese).
[27]曹军威,王继业,明阳阳,等.软件定义的能源互联网信息通信技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3649-3655.Cao Junwei,Wang Jiye,Mang Yingying,et al.Softwaredefined information and communication technology for energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3649-3655(in Chinese).
[28]王继业,李洋,路兆铭,等.基于能源交换机和路由器的局域能源互联网研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(13):3433-3439.Wang Jiye,Li Yang,Lu Zhaoming,et al.Research on local-area energy internet control technology based on energy switches and energy routers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(13):3433-3439(in Chinese).
[29]Hey T,Tansley S,Tolle K.第四范式:数据密集型科学发现[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.Hey T,Tansley S,Tolle K.The Forth paradigm:data-intensive scientific discovery[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012(in Chinese).
[30]赵顺利.基于混杂系统理论的网络化控制分析与设计[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.Zhao Shunli.Analysis and design of networked control based on hybrid system theory[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016(in Chinese).
[31]Wu Kehe,Zhu Yayun,Li Quan,et al.A distributed real-time data prediction framework for large-scale time-series data using stream processing[J].International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics,2017,10(2):145-165.
[32]孙秋野,滕菲,张化光.能源互联网及其关键控制问题[J].自动化学报,2017,43(2):176-194.Sun Qiuye,Teng Fei,Zhang Huaguang.Energy internet and its key control issues[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2017,43(2):176-194(in Chinese).
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