质量浓度及剪切率对表面活性剂流变特性的影响
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摘要
通过使用MCR302流变仪对减阻表面活性剂m(CTAC)∶m(NaSal)=1∶1溶液的流变特性进行了深入的测量和分析。分别研究了低质量浓度和中等质量浓度表面活性剂溶液在不同剪切率下,表观黏度随时间的变化情况。研究表明:溶液黏度变化与质量浓度及剪切率的改变密切相关,在质量浓度为200 mg/L、剪切率为150 s~(-1)和200 s~(-1)的条件下,溶液会出现二次增稠现象;对于低质量浓度表面活性剂,其诱导时间随剪切率的变化符合Logistic函数;质量浓度对表面活性剂溶液开始增稠所需时间的影响不大,而剪切率是引起其变化的主要因素,可以推断当溶液质量浓度达到一定程度时,剪切诱导网状结构将不会形成。
The rheological properties of drag-reduction surfactant m(CTAC)∶m(NaSal)=1∶1 solution were measured and analyzed with MCR302 rheometer. The change of apparent viscosity with changing time has been studied for low and medium mass concentrations of surfactant solutions under the condition of different shear rates. The present results show that the change of apparent viscosity is closely related to changes of mass concentration and shear rate. Secondary thickening will occur in the solution under the conditions with the mass concentration of 200 mg/L and shear rates of 150 s~(-1 )and 200 s~(-1). For the low mass concentration surfactant, the variation of the induction time with the shear rate conforms to the Logistic function. The mass concentration has little effect on the time for starting thickening of surfactant solutions, whereas the shear rate is very important to this phenomenon. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, it can be concluded that the shear induced network structure will not be formed when the mass concentration of solution reaches a critical value.
The rheological properties of drag-reduction surfactant m(CTAC)∶m(NaSal)=1∶1 solution were measured and analyzed with MCR302 rheometer. The change of apparent viscosity with changing time has been studied for low and medium mass concentrations of surfactant solutions under the condition of different shear rates. The present results show that the change of apparent viscosity is closely related to changes of mass concentration and shear rate. Secondary thickening will occur in the solution under the conditions with the mass concentration of 200 mg/L and shear rates of 150 s~(-1 )and 200 s~(-1). For the low mass concentration surfactant, the variation of the induction time with the shear rate conforms to the Logistic function. The mass concentration has little effect on the time for starting thickening of surfactant solutions, whereas the shear rate is very important to this phenomenon. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, it can be concluded that the shear induced network structure will not be formed when the mass concentration of solution reaches a critical value.
引文
[1] SAEKI T. Application of a drag reduction phenomenon caused by surfactant solutions [J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 2014, 47(2): 175-179.
[2]蔡书鹏, 鈴木洋, 菰田悦之. 一种非离子表面活性剂水溶液的管流减阻与流变特性[J]. 中国科学(技术科学), 2012, 42(4): 388-394.
[3]庞明军, 徐磊, 张展, 等. 小槽道表面活性剂湍流减阻及流变特性的研究[J]. 节能技术, 2017, 35(3): 195-199.
[4]魏进家, 黄崇海, 徐娜. 表面活性剂湍流减阻研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(6): 1660-1675.
[5]庞明军, 魏进家. 表面活性剂减阻溶液湍流流动研究进展[J]. 力学进展, 2010, 40(2): 129-146.
[6]ROZANSKI J. Flow of drag-reducing surfactant solutions in rough pipes[J]. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 2011, 166(5/6): 279-288.
[7]DAVIES T S, KETNER A M, RAGHAVAN S R. Self-assembly of surfactant vesicles that transform into viscoelastic wormlike micelles upon heating[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006, 128(20): 6669-6675.
[8]MEDRONHO B, RODRIGUES M, MIGUEL M G, et al. Shear-induced defect formation in a nonionic lamellar phase[J]. Langmuir, 2010, 26(13): 11304-11313.
[9]XU N, WEI J J, KAEAGUCHI Y. Dynamic and energy analysis on the viscosity transitions with increasing temperature under shear for dilute CTAC surfactant solutions[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2016, 55(8): 2279-2286.
[10]FU Z G, IWAKY Y, MOTOZAWA M, et al. Characteristic turbulent structure of a modified drag-reduced surfactant solution flow via dosing water from channel wall[J]. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2015, 53: 135-145.
[11]LIN Z, MATEO A, ZHENG Y, et al. Comparison of drag reduction, rheology, microstructure and stress-induced precipitation of dilute cationic surfactant solutions with odd and even alkyl chains[J]. Rheologica Acta, 2002, 41(6): 483-492.
[12]马宁, 魏进家. 中等浓度表面活性剂溶液流变特性的实验研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2012, 46(1): 30-34.
[13]XU N, WEI J J. Time-dependent shear-induced nonlinear viscosity effects in dilute CTAC/NaSal Solutions: mechanism analyses[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 6: 179394.
[14]CAI S P. Drag reduction of a cationic surfactant solution and its shear stress relation[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2012, 24(2): 202-206.
[15]ZHAO M W, GAO M W, DAI C, et al. A novel study on the gel phase formed in a catanionic surfactant system[J]. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2016, 19(3): 519-525.
[16]ZHANG H X, WANG D Z, CHEN H P. Experimental study on the effects of shear induced structure in a drag-reducing surfactant solution flow[J]. Archive of Applied Mechanics, 2009, 79: 773-778.
[17]HUANG C H, LIU D J, WEI J J. Experimental study on drag reduction performance of surfactant flow in longitudinal grooved channels[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2016, 152: 267-279.
[18]朱蒙生, 王悦, 曹慧哲, 等. 十六烷基三甲基氯化铵减阻流动实验[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2012, 44(6): 62-64.
[19]马宁, 郑宇, 魏进家, 等. CTAC表面活性剂稀溶液的流变特性[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2012, 33(9): 1547-1550.
[2]蔡书鹏, 鈴木洋, 菰田悦之. 一种非离子表面活性剂水溶液的管流减阻与流变特性[J]. 中国科学(技术科学), 2012, 42(4): 388-394.
[3]庞明军, 徐磊, 张展, 等. 小槽道表面活性剂湍流减阻及流变特性的研究[J]. 节能技术, 2017, 35(3): 195-199.
[4]魏进家, 黄崇海, 徐娜. 表面活性剂湍流减阻研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(6): 1660-1675.
[5]庞明军, 魏进家. 表面活性剂减阻溶液湍流流动研究进展[J]. 力学进展, 2010, 40(2): 129-146.
[6]ROZANSKI J. Flow of drag-reducing surfactant solutions in rough pipes[J]. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 2011, 166(5/6): 279-288.
[7]DAVIES T S, KETNER A M, RAGHAVAN S R. Self-assembly of surfactant vesicles that transform into viscoelastic wormlike micelles upon heating[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006, 128(20): 6669-6675.
[8]MEDRONHO B, RODRIGUES M, MIGUEL M G, et al. Shear-induced defect formation in a nonionic lamellar phase[J]. Langmuir, 2010, 26(13): 11304-11313.
[9]XU N, WEI J J, KAEAGUCHI Y. Dynamic and energy analysis on the viscosity transitions with increasing temperature under shear for dilute CTAC surfactant solutions[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2016, 55(8): 2279-2286.
[10]FU Z G, IWAKY Y, MOTOZAWA M, et al. Characteristic turbulent structure of a modified drag-reduced surfactant solution flow via dosing water from channel wall[J]. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2015, 53: 135-145.
[11]LIN Z, MATEO A, ZHENG Y, et al. Comparison of drag reduction, rheology, microstructure and stress-induced precipitation of dilute cationic surfactant solutions with odd and even alkyl chains[J]. Rheologica Acta, 2002, 41(6): 483-492.
[12]马宁, 魏进家. 中等浓度表面活性剂溶液流变特性的实验研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2012, 46(1): 30-34.
[13]XU N, WEI J J. Time-dependent shear-induced nonlinear viscosity effects in dilute CTAC/NaSal Solutions: mechanism analyses[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 6: 179394.
[14]CAI S P. Drag reduction of a cationic surfactant solution and its shear stress relation[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2012, 24(2): 202-206.
[15]ZHAO M W, GAO M W, DAI C, et al. A novel study on the gel phase formed in a catanionic surfactant system[J]. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2016, 19(3): 519-525.
[16]ZHANG H X, WANG D Z, CHEN H P. Experimental study on the effects of shear induced structure in a drag-reducing surfactant solution flow[J]. Archive of Applied Mechanics, 2009, 79: 773-778.
[17]HUANG C H, LIU D J, WEI J J. Experimental study on drag reduction performance of surfactant flow in longitudinal grooved channels[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2016, 152: 267-279.
[18]朱蒙生, 王悦, 曹慧哲, 等. 十六烷基三甲基氯化铵减阻流动实验[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2012, 44(6): 62-64.
[19]马宁, 郑宇, 魏进家, 等. CTAC表面活性剂稀溶液的流变特性[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2012, 33(9): 1547-1550.
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