油储层天然气及煤层甲烷影响作用下的隧道瓦斯涌出量预测
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摘要
为了准确掌握阳山隧道掘进期间的瓦斯涌出量并确定其瓦斯等级,文章在分析隧道工区煤系地层瓦斯和油气储层天然气赋存规律的基础上,通过现场基础参数实测,利用分源预测法及钻孔流量法分别对煤层瓦斯及油储层天然气最大涌出量进行了预测,并建立了该类型隧道瓦斯涌出量预测数学模型。研究结果表明:该隧道穿过的煤层处于瓦斯风化带的氮气带,不具有突出危险性,隧道掘进期间煤层的最大瓦斯涌出量为0.037 m~3/min;含油砂岩储层的最大天然气涌出量为0.234 m~3/min;两种瓦斯源涌出最大总量为0.271 m~3/min,远小于0.5 m~3/min,该隧道可判定为低瓦斯隧道。
In order to know the gas emission of Yangshan tunnel during construction so as to determine the its gaslevel, the maximum volumes of gas emission from coal seam and the natural gas from oil reservoir were predicted usingdifferent-source forecast method and drilling flow method, based on site testing of the basic parameters and analysison occurrence law of gas in coal strata and natural gas in oil reservoir. Meanwhile, a mathematical model of gasemission prediction of this type tunnel was established. The research results show that the coal seam through whichthe tunnel passes is located at a nitrogen band of gas weathering zone without dangers of coal burst and gas burst,and the maximum volume of gas emission from the coal seam is 0.037 m~3/min; the maximum volume of natural gasfrom oil reservoir is 0.234 m~3/min. So the maximum total volume of two kinds of gas source emission is 0.271 m~3/min,much less than 0.5 m~3/min, which means the tunnel could be determined as the low gas tunnel. The mathematical gasemission prediction model will provide a new method and approach for gas emission prediction of similar tunnels.
In order to know the gas emission of Yangshan tunnel during construction so as to determine the its gaslevel, the maximum volumes of gas emission from coal seam and the natural gas from oil reservoir were predicted usingdifferent-source forecast method and drilling flow method, based on site testing of the basic parameters and analysison occurrence law of gas in coal strata and natural gas in oil reservoir. Meanwhile, a mathematical model of gasemission prediction of this type tunnel was established. The research results show that the coal seam through whichthe tunnel passes is located at a nitrogen band of gas weathering zone without dangers of coal burst and gas burst,and the maximum volume of gas emission from the coal seam is 0.037 m~3/min; the maximum volume of natural gasfrom oil reservoir is 0.234 m~3/min. So the maximum total volume of two kinds of gas source emission is 0.271 m~3/min,much less than 0.5 m~3/min, which means the tunnel could be determined as the low gas tunnel. The mathematical gasemission prediction model will provide a new method and approach for gas emission prediction of similar tunnels.
引文
[1]姚振武.高瓦斯隧道施工指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社, 2008.YAO Zhenwu. Construction Guideline for High Gas Tunnels[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press, 2008.
[2]中华人民共和国行业标准.铁路瓦斯隧道技术规范:TB 1020-2002[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002.Industrial Standard of the People′s Republic of China. Technical Code for Railway Tunnel with Gas:TB 1020-2002[S]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House, 2002.
[3]康小兵,许模.我国瓦斯隧道建设现状综述[J].人民长江, 2011, 42(3):30-33.KANG Xiaobing, XU Mo. Review of Gas Tunnel Constructions Status in China.[J]. Yangtze River, 2011, 42(3):30-33.
[4]周莹.非煤系瓦斯隧道施工通风模拟及其瓦斯安全风险评价[D].成都:西南交通大学, 2013.ZHOU Ying. A study on the Numerical Simulation of Tunnelling Ventilation and the Risk Assessment of Gas Safety in the Non-coalStrata Gas Tunnels[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, Master Thesis, 2013.
[5]黄宏伟,彭铭,胡群芳.上海长江隧道工程风险评估研究[J].地下空间与工程学报. 2009, 5(1):182-187.HUANG Hongwei, PENG Ming, HU Qunfang. Risk Assessment on Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Under?ground Space and Engineering, 2009, 5(1):182-187.
[6]姜德义,蒋再文,章永武,等.模糊神经网络预测公路隧道揭煤突出危险性[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版), 2000, 23(增):200-202.JIANG Deyi, JIANG Zaiwen, ZHANG Yongwu, et al. Prediction Fatalness of the Coal and Gas Outburst in Cutting through CoalSeam in Highway Tunnel Based on Fuzzy Neural Network[J]. Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition), 2000, 23(S):200-202.
[7]陈沅江,程刚.瓦斯隧道施工安全标准化管理实施方案研究[J].中国安全科学学报, 2012, 22(5):140-145.CHEN Yuanjiang, CHENG Gang. Research on Scheme for Implementing Gas Tunnel Construction Safety Standardized Management[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2012, 22(5):140-145.
[8]康小兵.隧道工程瓦斯灾害危险性评价体系研究[D].成都:成都理工大学, 2009.KANG Xiaobing. Study on Gas Disaster Risk Assessment System of Tunnel Engineering[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Tech?nology, 2009.
[9]丁睿.瓦斯隧道建设关键技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社, 2010.DING Rui. Key Technology on Gas Tunnel Construction[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press, 2010.
[10]白正伟.非煤系瓦斯隧道天然气储渗特征与瓦斯超限预报及参数测试的研究[J].国防交通工程与技术, 2015,(1):31-35+49BAI Zhengwei. Research on the Permeability Characteristic of Natural Gas Reserviors in Tunnels in Non-coal Seams, AdvancedGas Forecasting and the Testing of Corresponding Parameters[J]. Traffic Engineering and Technology for National Defence, 2015,(1):31-35+49.
[11]葛江.施工隧道瓦斯涌出风险评估研究[D].成都:西南交通大学, 2011.GE Jiang. Risk Assessment of Gas Emission on Tunnel in Construction[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, 2011.
[12]甘光元.成渝客运专线油气储藏地质特征及隧道瓦斯危害性综合评价[D].成都:西南交通大学,硕士论文, 2014.GAN Guangyuan. The Geological Characteristics of the Storage Status of the Oil and Gas along the Chengdu-Chongqing PassengerDedicated Railway and Comprehensive Evaluation on the Tunnel Gas Hazards[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, MasterThesis, 2014.
[13]袁云海.四川红层地层隧道中天然气赋存分析及处理措施初探[J].现代隧道技术, 2012, 50(1):23-28.YUAN Yunhai. Analysis of Gas Occurrences in the Tunnel at Red Bed and Treatment Measures[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology,2012, 50(1):23-28.
[14]熊鲲.瓦斯隧道施工安全风险管理及应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,硕士论文,2012.XIONG Kun. Study on the Security Risk Management and Its Application in Gas Tunnels[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong Univer?sity, Master Thesis, 2012.
[15]黄仁东,张小军.基于熵权物元可拓模型的隧道瓦斯等级评[J].中国安全科学学报, 2012, 22(4):77-82.HUANG Rendong, ZHANG Xiaojun. Evaluation of Tunnel Gas Level Based on Entropy-weight and Matter-element Model[J]. ChinaSafty Science Journal, 2012, 22(4):77-82.
[16]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.防治煤与瓦斯突出规定[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社, 2009.State Administration of Work Safety of China, National Coal Mine Safety Administration. Prevention and Control of Coal and GasOutburst[S]. Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House, 2009.
[17]彭立敏,安水林,张运良,等.可拓法识别勘测阶段隧道瓦斯突出的模型与实例[J].土木工程学报, 2008,41(4):81-85.PENG Limin, AN Shuilin, ZHANG Yunliang, et al. Identification of Gas Burst in Tunel at the Prospecting Stage by Using Exten?sion Theroy:a Case Study[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2008, 41(4):81-85.
[18]崔洪庆,樊帅帅,关金锋.采煤工作面瓦斯涌出量分源计算[J].中国安全科学学报, 2015, 25(10):78-83.CUI Hongqing, FAN Shuaishuai, GUAN Jinfeng. Calculation of Methane Emission from Different Sources at Coal Mining FaceBased on Monitoring Data[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2015, 25(10):78-83.
[2]中华人民共和国行业标准.铁路瓦斯隧道技术规范:TB 1020-2002[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002.Industrial Standard of the People′s Republic of China. Technical Code for Railway Tunnel with Gas:TB 1020-2002[S]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House, 2002.
[3]康小兵,许模.我国瓦斯隧道建设现状综述[J].人民长江, 2011, 42(3):30-33.KANG Xiaobing, XU Mo. Review of Gas Tunnel Constructions Status in China.[J]. Yangtze River, 2011, 42(3):30-33.
[4]周莹.非煤系瓦斯隧道施工通风模拟及其瓦斯安全风险评价[D].成都:西南交通大学, 2013.ZHOU Ying. A study on the Numerical Simulation of Tunnelling Ventilation and the Risk Assessment of Gas Safety in the Non-coalStrata Gas Tunnels[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, Master Thesis, 2013.
[5]黄宏伟,彭铭,胡群芳.上海长江隧道工程风险评估研究[J].地下空间与工程学报. 2009, 5(1):182-187.HUANG Hongwei, PENG Ming, HU Qunfang. Risk Assessment on Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Under?ground Space and Engineering, 2009, 5(1):182-187.
[6]姜德义,蒋再文,章永武,等.模糊神经网络预测公路隧道揭煤突出危险性[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版), 2000, 23(增):200-202.JIANG Deyi, JIANG Zaiwen, ZHANG Yongwu, et al. Prediction Fatalness of the Coal and Gas Outburst in Cutting through CoalSeam in Highway Tunnel Based on Fuzzy Neural Network[J]. Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition), 2000, 23(S):200-202.
[7]陈沅江,程刚.瓦斯隧道施工安全标准化管理实施方案研究[J].中国安全科学学报, 2012, 22(5):140-145.CHEN Yuanjiang, CHENG Gang. Research on Scheme for Implementing Gas Tunnel Construction Safety Standardized Management[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2012, 22(5):140-145.
[8]康小兵.隧道工程瓦斯灾害危险性评价体系研究[D].成都:成都理工大学, 2009.KANG Xiaobing. Study on Gas Disaster Risk Assessment System of Tunnel Engineering[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Tech?nology, 2009.
[9]丁睿.瓦斯隧道建设关键技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社, 2010.DING Rui. Key Technology on Gas Tunnel Construction[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press, 2010.
[10]白正伟.非煤系瓦斯隧道天然气储渗特征与瓦斯超限预报及参数测试的研究[J].国防交通工程与技术, 2015,(1):31-35+49BAI Zhengwei. Research on the Permeability Characteristic of Natural Gas Reserviors in Tunnels in Non-coal Seams, AdvancedGas Forecasting and the Testing of Corresponding Parameters[J]. Traffic Engineering and Technology for National Defence, 2015,(1):31-35+49.
[11]葛江.施工隧道瓦斯涌出风险评估研究[D].成都:西南交通大学, 2011.GE Jiang. Risk Assessment of Gas Emission on Tunnel in Construction[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, 2011.
[12]甘光元.成渝客运专线油气储藏地质特征及隧道瓦斯危害性综合评价[D].成都:西南交通大学,硕士论文, 2014.GAN Guangyuan. The Geological Characteristics of the Storage Status of the Oil and Gas along the Chengdu-Chongqing PassengerDedicated Railway and Comprehensive Evaluation on the Tunnel Gas Hazards[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, MasterThesis, 2014.
[13]袁云海.四川红层地层隧道中天然气赋存分析及处理措施初探[J].现代隧道技术, 2012, 50(1):23-28.YUAN Yunhai. Analysis of Gas Occurrences in the Tunnel at Red Bed and Treatment Measures[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology,2012, 50(1):23-28.
[14]熊鲲.瓦斯隧道施工安全风险管理及应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,硕士论文,2012.XIONG Kun. Study on the Security Risk Management and Its Application in Gas Tunnels[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong Univer?sity, Master Thesis, 2012.
[15]黄仁东,张小军.基于熵权物元可拓模型的隧道瓦斯等级评[J].中国安全科学学报, 2012, 22(4):77-82.HUANG Rendong, ZHANG Xiaojun. Evaluation of Tunnel Gas Level Based on Entropy-weight and Matter-element Model[J]. ChinaSafty Science Journal, 2012, 22(4):77-82.
[16]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.防治煤与瓦斯突出规定[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社, 2009.State Administration of Work Safety of China, National Coal Mine Safety Administration. Prevention and Control of Coal and GasOutburst[S]. Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House, 2009.
[17]彭立敏,安水林,张运良,等.可拓法识别勘测阶段隧道瓦斯突出的模型与实例[J].土木工程学报, 2008,41(4):81-85.PENG Limin, AN Shuilin, ZHANG Yunliang, et al. Identification of Gas Burst in Tunel at the Prospecting Stage by Using Exten?sion Theroy:a Case Study[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2008, 41(4):81-85.
[18]崔洪庆,樊帅帅,关金锋.采煤工作面瓦斯涌出量分源计算[J].中国安全科学学报, 2015, 25(10):78-83.CUI Hongqing, FAN Shuaishuai, GUAN Jinfeng. Calculation of Methane Emission from Different Sources at Coal Mining FaceBased on Monitoring Data[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2015, 25(10):78-83.
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