丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地扩展的时空演变特征及影响机理
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摘要
将丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地扩展作为一个时空变化系统进行分析,提取1980—2015年7个年份用地演变信息,结合10 km×10 km方格网构建,从总量趋势、分地州市级区域、分用地类型及特殊性全面认知扩展的时空演变特征,采用地理探测器模型,在县域尺度定量诊断城镇建设用地扩展的人文要素和自然要素的影响程度及各要素间的交互影响作用,进而识别其主控要素并探讨其作用机理,对比分析天山北坡城市群和喀什都市圈两个重点发展区域的分异性。研究结果表明:近35年以来,丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地扩展约2.9倍,扩展强度波动增长且以分散小斑块为主,各地州市扩展规模和强度的时空差异性显著,次一级城镇建设用地类型扩展呈现动态变化特征,用地扩展受自然本底胁迫条件和经济社会发展过程多重影响有其特殊性;全域城镇建设用地在县域尺度以低水平扩展与各级人文要素和自然要素水平的耦合匹配关系为主;综合地理探测器因子分析模块和交互作用模块的探测结果,判定地形位指数、城镇化率、地形起伏度、二三产业比重为影响丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆县域城镇建设用地扩展的主控要素,并探寻各主控要素的作用机理;在重点发展区域天山北坡城市群和喀什都市圈的驱动要素有共性也有明显分异性。该研究为丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地因地因城因类的差别化调控及区域可持续发展提供科学支撑和决策依据。
The expansion of urban construction land in Xinjiang, the Core Area of the Silk Road Economic Belt, was analyzed as comprising a spatio-temporal change system. Information regarding land use change over 7 years from 1980 to 2015 was extracted. Using a 10 km×10 km grid, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use expansion were comprehensively assessed from the viewpoints of the gross trend, sub-prefecture-level regions, sub-land types and distinctiveness. Using the Geographical Detector model, the degree of influence of human and natural elements of urban construction land expansion and the interaction between various elements were quantitatively diagnosed at the county level. Then, the main control elements were identified and their mechanism of action discussed. The differentiation between the two key development areas of the Tianshan North-slope urban agglomeration and Kashgar metropolitan region was analyzed. The results showed that, over the past 35 years, urban construction land in Xinjiang had expanded by about 2.9 times. The intensity of the expansion fluctuated, and expansion was dominated by scattered small patches. There were significant spatial and temporal differences in the scale and intensity of the expansion in various regions. The expansion of urban land and other construction land presented dynamic change characteristics. The distinctiveness of urban construction land expansion were affected by natural background constraints and economic and social development. At the county level, the low-level expansion of urban construction land and human and natural factors at all levels was the main spatial coupling and matching relationship over the entire study area. Based on the results of the factor analysis module and interaction module of the Geographic Detector, it was concluded that terrain niche index, urbanization rate, landform relief degree, and the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries were the main controlling factors affecting the expansion of urban construction land in Xinjiang. The underlying mechanisms of the main control factors were also explored. There were similarities and differences in driving factors in the key development areas, the Tianshan North-slope urban agglomeration and Kashgar metropolitan region. The present study provides scientific support and a basis for decision-making for the sustainable development of Xinjiang and the differential regulation of urban construction land due to different locations, cities, and sub-land types.
The expansion of urban construction land in Xinjiang, the Core Area of the Silk Road Economic Belt, was analyzed as comprising a spatio-temporal change system. Information regarding land use change over 7 years from 1980 to 2015 was extracted. Using a 10 km×10 km grid, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use expansion were comprehensively assessed from the viewpoints of the gross trend, sub-prefecture-level regions, sub-land types and distinctiveness. Using the Geographical Detector model, the degree of influence of human and natural elements of urban construction land expansion and the interaction between various elements were quantitatively diagnosed at the county level. Then, the main control elements were identified and their mechanism of action discussed. The differentiation between the two key development areas of the Tianshan North-slope urban agglomeration and Kashgar metropolitan region was analyzed. The results showed that, over the past 35 years, urban construction land in Xinjiang had expanded by about 2.9 times. The intensity of the expansion fluctuated, and expansion was dominated by scattered small patches. There were significant spatial and temporal differences in the scale and intensity of the expansion in various regions. The expansion of urban land and other construction land presented dynamic change characteristics. The distinctiveness of urban construction land expansion were affected by natural background constraints and economic and social development. At the county level, the low-level expansion of urban construction land and human and natural factors at all levels was the main spatial coupling and matching relationship over the entire study area. Based on the results of the factor analysis module and interaction module of the Geographic Detector, it was concluded that terrain niche index, urbanization rate, landform relief degree, and the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries were the main controlling factors affecting the expansion of urban construction land in Xinjiang. The underlying mechanisms of the main control factors were also explored. There were similarities and differences in driving factors in the key development areas, the Tianshan North-slope urban agglomeration and Kashgar metropolitan region. The present study provides scientific support and a basis for decision-making for the sustainable development of Xinjiang and the differential regulation of urban construction land due to different locations, cities, and sub-land types.
引文
[1] 美国国家科学院国家研究理事会地球与生命科学部, 地球科学与资源委员会, 地球科学新的研究机遇委员会. 地球科学新的研究机遇. 张志强, 郑军卫, 译. 北京: 科学出版社, 2014.
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[4] 方创琳. 中国人地关系研究的新进展与展望. 地理学报, 2004, 59(7S): 21-32.
[5] 方创琳, 周成虎, 顾朝林, 陈利顶, 李双成. 特大城市群地区城镇化与生态环境交互耦合效应解析的理论框架及技术路径. 地理学报, 2016, 71(4): 531-550.
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[8] 李晓兵. 国际土地利用—土地覆盖变化的环境影响研究. 地球科学进展, 1999, 14(4): 395-400.
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[19] 齐建超, 刘慧平, 伊尧国. 应用自组织映射方法的北京市2005-2013年土地利用时空演变分析. 生态学报, 2017, 37(19): 6346-6354.
[20] 叶高斌, 苏伟忠, 孙小祥. 基于Dyna-CLUE模型的太湖流域建设用地空间扩张模拟. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(4): 725-734.
[21] Liu X P, Liang X, Li X, Xu X C, Ou J P, Chen Y M, Li S Y, Wang S J, Pei F S. A future land use simulation model (FLUS) for simulating multiple land use scenarios by coupling human and natural effects. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2017, 168: 94-116.
[22] 李少英, 刘小平, 黎夏, 陈逸敏. 土地利用变化模拟模型及应用研究进展. 遥感学报, 2017, 21(3): 329-340.
[23] 毛蒋兴, 闫小培, 李志刚, 黄鹄. 快速城市化过程中深圳土地利用变化的自然及人文因素综合研究. 自然资源学报, 2009, 24(3): 523-535.
[24] 宋蕾, 曹银贵, 周伟, 何灏, 况欣宇, 罗古拜. 基于SD模型的三峡库区快速城镇化地区耕地利用模拟研究. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(4): 818-827.
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[26] 徐秋蓉, 郑新奇. 一种基于地理探测器的城镇扩展影响机理分析法. 测绘学报, 2015, 44(S1): 96-101.
[27] 蔡芳芳, 濮励杰. 南通市城乡建设用地演变时空特征与形成机理. 资源科学, 2014, 36(4): 731-740.
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[2] Zalasiewicz J, Williams M, Steffen W, Crutzen P. The new world of the anthropocene. Environmental Science & Technology, 2010, 44(7): 2228-2231.
[3] 陆大道. “未来地球”框架文件与中国地理科学的发展——从“未来地球”框架文件看黄秉维先生论断的前瞻性. 地理学报, 2014, 69(8): 1043-1051.
[4] 方创琳. 中国人地关系研究的新进展与展望. 地理学报, 2004, 59(7S): 21-32.
[5] 方创琳, 周成虎, 顾朝林, 陈利顶, 李双成. 特大城市群地区城镇化与生态环境交互耦合效应解析的理论框架及技术路径. 地理学报, 2016, 71(4): 531-550.
[6] 方创琳, 鲍超, 黄金川, 李广东. 中国城镇化发展的地理学贡献与责任使命. 地理科学, 2018, 38(3): 321-331.
[7] Foley J A, DeFries R, Asner G P, Barford C, Bonan G, Carpenter S R, Chapin F S, Coe M T, Daily G C, Gibbs H K, Helkowski J H, Holloway T, Howard E A, Kucharik C J, Monfreda C, Patz J A, Prentice I C, Ramankutty N, Snyder P K. Global consequences of land use. Science, 2005, 309(5734): 570-574.
[8] 李晓兵. 国际土地利用—土地覆盖变化的环境影响研究. 地球科学进展, 1999, 14(4): 395-400.
[9] Seto K C, Fragkias M, Güneralp B, Reilly M K. A meta-analysis of global urban land expansion. PLoS One, 2011, 6(8): e23777.
[10] Grimm N B, Faeth S H, Golubiewski N E, Redman C L, Wu J G, Bai X M, Briggs J M. Global change and the ecology of cities. Science, 2008, 319(5864): 756-760.
[11] Wang J, Huang B, Fu D J, Atkinson P M. Spatiotemporal variation in surface urban heat island intensity and associated determinants across major Chinese cities. Remote Sensing, 2015, 7(4): 3670-3689.
[12] Sarvestani M S, Ibrahim A L, Kanaroglou P. Three decades of urban growth in the city of Shiraz, Iran: A remote sensing and geographic information systems application. Cities, 2011, 28(4): 320-329.
[13] Shahtahmassebi A R, Song J, Zheng Q, Blackburn G A, Wang K, Huang L Y, Pan Y, Moore N, Shahtahmassebi G, Haghighi R S, Deng J S. Remote sensing of impervious surface growth: A framework for quantifying urban expansion and re-densification mechanisms. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 2016, 46: 94-112.
[14] 方创琳, 李广东, 张蔷. 中国城市建设用地的动态变化态势与调控. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(3): 363-376.
[15] Liu Z F, He C Y, Zhang Q F, Huang Q X, Yang Y. Extracting the dynamics of urban expansion in China using DMSP-OLS nighttime light data from 1992 to 2008. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2012, 106(1): 62-72.
[16] Jat M K, Garg P K, Khare D. Monitoring and modelling of urban sprawl using remote sensing and GIS techniques. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 2008, 10(1): 26-43.
[17] Chen J L, Gao J L, Yuan F. Growth type and functional trajectories: an empirical study of urban expansion in Nanjing, China. PLoS One, 2016, 11(2): e0148389.
[18] 刘纪远, 宁佳, 匡文慧, 徐新良, 张树文, 颜长珍, 李仁东, 吴世新, 胡云锋, 杜国明, 迟文峰, 潘涛, 宁静. 2010-2015年中国土地利用变化的时空格局与新特征. 地理学报, 2018, 73(5): 789-802.
[19] 齐建超, 刘慧平, 伊尧国. 应用自组织映射方法的北京市2005-2013年土地利用时空演变分析. 生态学报, 2017, 37(19): 6346-6354.
[20] 叶高斌, 苏伟忠, 孙小祥. 基于Dyna-CLUE模型的太湖流域建设用地空间扩张模拟. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(4): 725-734.
[21] Liu X P, Liang X, Li X, Xu X C, Ou J P, Chen Y M, Li S Y, Wang S J, Pei F S. A future land use simulation model (FLUS) for simulating multiple land use scenarios by coupling human and natural effects. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2017, 168: 94-116.
[22] 李少英, 刘小平, 黎夏, 陈逸敏. 土地利用变化模拟模型及应用研究进展. 遥感学报, 2017, 21(3): 329-340.
[23] 毛蒋兴, 闫小培, 李志刚, 黄鹄. 快速城市化过程中深圳土地利用变化的自然及人文因素综合研究. 自然资源学报, 2009, 24(3): 523-535.
[24] 宋蕾, 曹银贵, 周伟, 何灏, 况欣宇, 罗古拜. 基于SD模型的三峡库区快速城镇化地区耕地利用模拟研究. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(4): 818-827.
[25] 屈宇宏, 孙帅, 陈银蓉. 中国城市建设用地扩张趋势模拟及抑制策略. 资源科学, 2014, 36(1): 1-7.
[26] 徐秋蓉, 郑新奇. 一种基于地理探测器的城镇扩展影响机理分析法. 测绘学报, 2015, 44(S1): 96-101.
[27] 蔡芳芳, 濮励杰. 南通市城乡建设用地演变时空特征与形成机理. 资源科学, 2014, 36(4): 731-740.
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