黔东松桃地区李家湾锰矿床地质、地球化学特征及成因信息
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摘要
李家湾锰矿床是黔东松桃地区较为典型的"大塘坡式"锰矿床之一,也是近年来在该地区新发现的一个大型隐伏锰矿床,是杨立掌锰矿体在外围的深部延伸。笔者在野外地质调查的基础上,重点对该矿床的锰矿石及其围岩开展系统的地质和地球化学特征研究,探讨锰矿床的成矿物质来源、成因和成矿环境。该矿床主要的矿石形态有块状、条带状、花斑状3种,主要锰矿物为菱锰矿和钙菱锰矿。锰矿层中MnO、CaO、MgO含量较高,TiO_2、Al_2O_3、K_2O、Na_2O含量较低,含锰岩系富集Rb、Ba、Th、Cs、Zr、Ga等元素;SiO_2/Al_2O_3值显示其物质来源并非正常的陆源,通过Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)、(Fe+Mn)/Ti、Fe/Ti、Y/Ho、Nb/Ta、U/Th值,Fe-Mn-(Cu+Co+Ni)×10图解表明,锰矿具有热水沉积特征;Mn/Fe、Sr/Ba、V/(V+Ni)值揭示锰矿沉积环境为浅海、还原环境。稀土元素总量较高,轻稀土富集,含锰岩系Eu、Ce的异常、La/Ce值、ΣREE和ΣHREE总量反映锰矿沉积过程受热水活动影响,大地构造环境处于被动大陆边缘。由此表明,李家湾锰矿形成于较强的还原环境,锰矿形成是由热水沉积和正常沉积的混合作用形成,属于热水沉积成因。
The Lijiawan manganese deposit is one of the typical"Datangpo type"deposits in Songtao area of Guizhou province,which is a large concealed type manganese deposit disicovered in recent years and is also the deep peripheral extension of the Yanglizhang manganese ore bodies.Based on the field geological investigation,this paper focuses on the study of the geological,geochemical characteristics and its surrounding rocks of this manganese deposit,and then the oreforming sources,genetic and mineralized environment of this deposit have been discussed.The results show that the ores occurred as massive,banded and mottled types,with mainly manganese minerals of rhodochrosite and greinerite.The content manganese layer has high MnO,CaO and MgO contents,but it has low TiO_2,Al_2O_3,K_2O and Na_2O contents,and the manganesebearing rock series are enriched in Ba,Th,Rb,Cs,Zr,Cs and Ga elements.The SiO_2/Al_2O_3 ratio shows the materials were not sourced from normal terrigenous;The Al/(Al+Fe+Mn),(Fe+Mn)/Ti,Fe/Ti,Y/Ho,Nb/Ta and U/Th ratios,Fe-Mn-(Cu+Co+Ni)*10 diagram show that the manganese ore has hydrothermal sedimentary characteristics;The Mn/Fe,Sr/Ba,V/(V+Ni)ratios reveal that the manganese ore was formed in shallow water and reductive sedimentary environment.The total REE is higher,with LREE enrichment;The manganese-bearing rock series have Eu and Ce anomalies;The La/Ce ratio,the REE and HREE values reflecct that the manganese deposition process was effected by hydrothermal activity,with a tectonic environment of passive continental margin.According to the characteristics mentioned above,it's included that the Lijiawan manganese deposit was formed in strong reducing environment,which was sourced from the mixing of hydrothermal and normal deposition.
The Lijiawan manganese deposit is one of the typical"Datangpo type"deposits in Songtao area of Guizhou province,which is a large concealed type manganese deposit disicovered in recent years and is also the deep peripheral extension of the Yanglizhang manganese ore bodies.Based on the field geological investigation,this paper focuses on the study of the geological,geochemical characteristics and its surrounding rocks of this manganese deposit,and then the oreforming sources,genetic and mineralized environment of this deposit have been discussed.The results show that the ores occurred as massive,banded and mottled types,with mainly manganese minerals of rhodochrosite and greinerite.The content manganese layer has high MnO,CaO and MgO contents,but it has low TiO_2,Al_2O_3,K_2O and Na_2O contents,and the manganesebearing rock series are enriched in Ba,Th,Rb,Cs,Zr,Cs and Ga elements.The SiO_2/Al_2O_3 ratio shows the materials were not sourced from normal terrigenous;The Al/(Al+Fe+Mn),(Fe+Mn)/Ti,Fe/Ti,Y/Ho,Nb/Ta and U/Th ratios,Fe-Mn-(Cu+Co+Ni)*10 diagram show that the manganese ore has hydrothermal sedimentary characteristics;The Mn/Fe,Sr/Ba,V/(V+Ni)ratios reveal that the manganese ore was formed in shallow water and reductive sedimentary environment.The total REE is higher,with LREE enrichment;The manganese-bearing rock series have Eu and Ce anomalies;The La/Ce ratio,the REE and HREE values reflecct that the manganese deposition process was effected by hydrothermal activity,with a tectonic environment of passive continental margin.According to the characteristics mentioned above,it's included that the Lijiawan manganese deposit was formed in strong reducing environment,which was sourced from the mixing of hydrothermal and normal deposition.
引文
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杨瑞东,欧阳自远,朱立军,等.早震旦世大塘坡期锰矿成因新认识[J].矿物学报,2002,22(4):329-334.YANG Ruidong,OUYANG Ziyuan,ZHU Lijun,et al.Anew understanding of manganese carbonate deposits in Early Sinian Datangpo Stage[J].Acta Mineral Sinica,2002,22(4):329-334.
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何志威,杨瑞东,高军波,等.贵州松桃新元古代大塘坡期锰矿热水沉积构造特征[J].中国锰业,2013,31(3):5-8.HE Zhiwei,YANG Ruidong,GAO Junbo,et al.The structure character of manganese ore deposit of Datangpo-period of Neoproterozoic in Songtao of Guizhou[J].China's manganese industry,2013,31(3):5-8.
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许效松,黄慧琼,刘宝珺,等.上扬子地块早震旦世大塘坡期锰矿成因和沉积学[J].沉积学报,1991,9(1):63-70.XU Xiaosong,HUANG Huiqiong,LIU Baojun,et al.The sedimentology and origin of early sinian manganese deposits from the Datangpo formation,South China[J].Acta Sedimentol Sinica,1991,9(1):63-70.
谢小峰,温官国,袁良军.黔东地区李家湾锰矿矿产地质特征及综合找矿信息[J].化工矿产地质,2015,37(1):1-6.XIE Xiaofeng,WEN Guanguo,YUAN Liangjun.Ore deposit geological characteristics and comprehensive prospecting information of Lijiawan Mn deposit in estern Guizhou[J].Geology of Chemical Minerals,2015,37(1):1-6.
侯兵德,袁良军,占朋才.贵州松桃杨立掌锰矿地质特征及找矿潜力分析[J].矿产与地质,2011,25(1):47-52.HOU Bingde,YUAN Liangjun,ZHAN Pengcai.Yanglizhang manganese of Songtao Ore Geological characteristics and deep prospecting potential analysis[J].Geology of Chemical Minerals,2011,25(1):47-52.
黎彤,袁怀雨.大洋岩石圈和大陆岩石圈的元素丰度[J].地球化学,2011,40(1):1-5.LI Tong,YUAN Huaiyu.Element abundance in the oceanic and the continental lithospheres[J].Geochimica,2011,40(1):1-5.
杨炳南,周琦,杜远生,等.音频大地电磁法对深部隐伏构造的识别与应用:以贵州省松桃县李家湾锰矿为例[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(6):26-32.YANG Bingnan,ZHOU Qi,DU Yuansheng,et al.Identification and application of audio magnetotellurics to the deep buried structu re:A case study of Lijiawan manganese deposit at Songtao county in Guizhou province[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(6):26-32.
秦元奎,张华成,姚敬劬.广西大新县下雷锰矿床的地球化学特征及其意义[J].地质论评,2010,56(5):664-672.QIN Yuankui,ZHANG Huacheng,YAO Jingqu.Geochemical characteristics and geological implication of the Xialie Manganese deposit,Daxin Country,Guangxi[J].Geol Rev,2010,56(5):664-672.
李毅,苏夏征,陈大经,等.广西热水沉积矿床中硅质岩岩石学及岩石化学特征[J].矿产与地质,2007,21(4):445-451.LI Yi,SU Xiazheng,CHEN Dajing,et al.Petrological and petrochemical characteristics of siliceous rocks in hydrothermal sedimentary deposit of Guangxi Province[J].Mineral Resour Geol,2007,21(4):445-451.
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