防城河口湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构研究
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摘要
文章根据2016年5月、8月、11月和2017年2月的调查数据,研究自然和人为因素对广西防城河口湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构的影响。结果表明:4个季度共采集到潮间带大型底栖动物10门252种,以软体动物门、节肢动物门和环节动物门为主。调查区域的优势种包括珠带拟蟹守螺Cerithidea cingulata、菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum、长腕和尚蟹Mictyris longicarpus、纵带滩栖螺Batillaria zonalis、青蛤Cyclina sinensis、南海鸭嘴蛤Laternula nanhaiensis、文蛤Meretrix meretrix和红树蚬Gelolna coaxans等8种,年均密度和生物量分别为203个?m?2和276.58g?m?2,其中软体动物占69.58%和83.73%。盐度和底质类型因素是影响群落密度、生物量和群落指数的主要环境因子,季节和潮带因素影响较小。其中盐度对密度和生物量的影响大于底质类型,但底质类型对种类多样性指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数和物种丰度等群落指数的影响大于盐度。聚类分析和多维尺度分析可以将群落划分为3个类型,基本对应于盐度和底质类型影响。从多样性水平判断防城河口湾潮间带总体上处于中度扰动之中,盐度、底质类型和人为干扰等因素综合影响了该湾潮间带动物群落的空间分布格局。
Based on the survey in May, August and November 2016 and February 2017, the effects of natural and anthropogenic factors on macrozoobenthic community structure in the intertidal zone of Fangchenghe Estuary of Guangxi,China were studied. A total of 252 species belonging to 10 phyla of intertidal macrozoobenthos were collected, among which Mollusca, Arthropoda and Annelida were richer in species abundance. Cerithidea cingulata, Ruditapes philippinarum,Mictyris longicarpus, Batillaria zonalis, Cyclina sinensis, Laternula nanhaiensis, Meretrix meretrix, and Gelolna coaxans were ranked as the top eight dominant species in this study area through the whole year. The annual average density and biomass of the study area were 203 ind?m?2 and 276.58 g?m?2, respectively, in which Mollusca occupied 69.58% and 83.73%to the total, respectively. ANOVA showed that salinity and sediment type factors had significant influences(p<0.05 and less)on macrozoobenthos density, biomass, species diversity H′, Richness d, Evenness J, and quadrat-based species abundance,while season and tidal zone factors had very small influences(p>0.05) on them. Salinity had larger influences on density and biomass than sediment type did, while sediment type had larger influences on species diversity H′, Richness d, Evenness J, and quadrat-based species abundance than salinity did. Both clustering analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis obtained the same results that the 21 sampling stations could be divided into three groups, basically owing to the effects from salinity and sediment type. The status of diversity index H′ showed that in general the intertidal macrozoobenthic communities were under middle-level fluctuation. Comprehensively, three factors, i.e., salinity, sediment type and anthropogenic fluctuation, played combined roles on the spatial distribution pattern of macrozoobenthic communities in the intertidal zone of Fangchenghe Estuary.
Based on the survey in May, August and November 2016 and February 2017, the effects of natural and anthropogenic factors on macrozoobenthic community structure in the intertidal zone of Fangchenghe Estuary of Guangxi,China were studied. A total of 252 species belonging to 10 phyla of intertidal macrozoobenthos were collected, among which Mollusca, Arthropoda and Annelida were richer in species abundance. Cerithidea cingulata, Ruditapes philippinarum,Mictyris longicarpus, Batillaria zonalis, Cyclina sinensis, Laternula nanhaiensis, Meretrix meretrix, and Gelolna coaxans were ranked as the top eight dominant species in this study area through the whole year. The annual average density and biomass of the study area were 203 ind?m?2 and 276.58 g?m?2, respectively, in which Mollusca occupied 69.58% and 83.73%to the total, respectively. ANOVA showed that salinity and sediment type factors had significant influences(p<0.05 and less)on macrozoobenthos density, biomass, species diversity H′, Richness d, Evenness J, and quadrat-based species abundance,while season and tidal zone factors had very small influences(p>0.05) on them. Salinity had larger influences on density and biomass than sediment type did, while sediment type had larger influences on species diversity H′, Richness d, Evenness J, and quadrat-based species abundance than salinity did. Both clustering analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis obtained the same results that the 21 sampling stations could be divided into three groups, basically owing to the effects from salinity and sediment type. The status of diversity index H′ showed that in general the intertidal macrozoobenthic communities were under middle-level fluctuation. Comprehensively, three factors, i.e., salinity, sediment type and anthropogenic fluctuation, played combined roles on the spatial distribution pattern of macrozoobenthic communities in the intertidal zone of Fangchenghe Estuary.
引文
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金亮,蔡立哲,周细平,等,2007.深圳湾北岸泥滩大型底栖动物次级生产力研究[J].台湾海峡,26(3):415-421.JINLIANG,CAI LIZHE,ZHOU XIPING,et al,2007.Secondary production of macrobenthos on the mudflat of northern Shenzhen Bay[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,26(3):415-421(in Chinese with English abstract).
李国强,叶伟鹏,余怀勇,等,2017.平潭岛中国鲎保护区沙质潮间带的大型底栖动物群落[J].海洋环境科学,36(2):179-185.LI GUOQIANG,YE WEIPENG,YU HUAIYONG,et al,2017.Community of benthic macrofauna on sandy intertidal zone in Chinese horseshoe crab reserve in Pingtan Island,China[J].Marine Environmental Science,36(2):179-185(in Chinese with English abstract).
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