海滨旅游度假区游客环境和气候满意度对环境恢复性感知的影响
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摘要
本文旨在揭示海滨旅游度假区游客环境满意度和气候满意度对其目的地环境恢复性感知的影响,为探究环境和气候如何影响游客身心健康和恢复提供新的方向,并丰富学界对旅游情境下的环境恢复性感知的理解。本文以海滨旅游度假区为研究对象,在海南省三亚市的大东海和亚龙湾收集游客对环境恢复性的感知状况和对气候条件、环境条件的满意度评价(N=527),并采用基于主成分的结构方程模型偏最小平方法(PLS_SEM)进行假设检验。研究发现:①环境满意度正向影响游客环境恢复性感知的5个维度(分别为:兼容、程度、心理逃离、物理远离和迷恋);②气候满意度正向影响游客环境恢复性感知的5个维度。因此,努力提高海滨旅游度假区游客对海滨环境和气候条件的满意度,能让他们更多地体验海滨旅游度假区的身心恢复潜力,并最终有助于形成独特的竞争优势。
This study aimed at uncovering the influences of coastal resort vacationers' environmental and climate satisfactions on their perceived destination restorative qualities(PDRQs), to provide a new perspective in understanding how the environment and the climate impact tourists' mental and physical health and restoration, as well as a better understanding of PDRQs. The data were collected via a questionnaire survey in two typical coastal resorts in Sanya City, Hainan Province Dadonghai and Yalong Bay(N=527). Applying the principal componentbased structural equation modeling technique of partial least squares(PLS_SEM), the results show that both vacationers' climate satisfaction and environmental satisfaction significantly and positively influenced their PDRQs(compatibility, extent, mentally away, physically away, and fascination). Implications for the sustainable development of resort destinations are provided.Specifically, for companies and managers in coastal resort destinations, improving vacationers' satisfaction with the environment and the climate through publicizing information on the environmental and climate conditions and protecting the natural environment would facilitate vacationers in experiencing more of the restorative qualities, and thus having a deeper mental and physical restoration. Finally, the increase of perceived destination restorative qualities would help a resort destination to strengthen its competitive edges in the tourism market.
This study aimed at uncovering the influences of coastal resort vacationers' environmental and climate satisfactions on their perceived destination restorative qualities(PDRQs), to provide a new perspective in understanding how the environment and the climate impact tourists' mental and physical health and restoration, as well as a better understanding of PDRQs. The data were collected via a questionnaire survey in two typical coastal resorts in Sanya City, Hainan Province Dadonghai and Yalong Bay(N=527). Applying the principal componentbased structural equation modeling technique of partial least squares(PLS_SEM), the results show that both vacationers' climate satisfaction and environmental satisfaction significantly and positively influenced their PDRQs(compatibility, extent, mentally away, physically away, and fascination). Implications for the sustainable development of resort destinations are provided.Specifically, for companies and managers in coastal resort destinations, improving vacationers' satisfaction with the environment and the climate through publicizing information on the environmental and climate conditions and protecting the natural environment would facilitate vacationers in experiencing more of the restorative qualities, and thus having a deeper mental and physical restoration. Finally, the increase of perceived destination restorative qualities would help a resort destination to strengthen its competitive edges in the tourism market.
引文
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[2] Sirgy M J, Kruger P S, Lee D, et al. How does a travel trip affect tourists’life satisfaction?[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2010, 50(3):261-275.
[3] Chen G, Huang S S, Zhang D. Understanding Chinese vacationers'perceived destination restorative qualities:Cross-cultural valida?tion of the perceived destination restorative qualities scale[J]. Jour?nal of Travel&Tourism Marketing, 2017, 34(8):1113-1115.
[4] Kirillova K, Wang D. Smartphone(dis)connectedness and vacation recovery[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2016, 61:157-169.
[5] Lehto X Y. Assessing the perceived restorative qualities of vaca?tion destinations[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2012, 52(3):325-339.
[6] Lehto X, Kirillova K, Li H, et al. A cross-cultural validation of the perceived destination restorative qualities scale:The Chinese per?spective[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 2017, 22(3):329-343.
[7]陈钢华,奚望.旅游度假区游客环境恢复性感知对满意度与游后行为意向的影响:以广东南昆山为例[J].旅游科学, 2018, 32(4):17-30.[Chen G H, Xi W. The impact of visitors’perceived destination restorative qualities on satisfaction and post-tour be?havioral intentions:A case study of Nankunshan[J]. Tourism Sci?ence, 2018, 32(4):17-30.]
[8] Xu W, Zhao J, Ye L. Culture is new nature:Comparing the restor?ative capacity of cultural and natural landscapes[J]. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2018, 75(5):847-865.
[9] Nordh H, Hartig T, Hagerhall C M, et al. Components of small ur?ban parks that predict the possibility for restoration[J]. Urban For?estry&Urban Greening, 2009, 8(4):225-235.
[10] Hipp J A, Ogunseitan O A. Effect of environmental conditions on perceived psychological restorativeness of coastal parks[J]. Jour?nal of Environmental Psychology, 2011, 31(4):421-429.
[11] Marselle M R, Irvine K N, Lorenzo-Arribas A, et al. Does per?ceived restorativeness mediate the effects of perceived biodiver?sity and perceived naturalness on emotional well-being following group walks in nature?[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology,2016, 46:217-232.
[12] Berto R. Assessing the restorative value of the environment:A study on the elderly in comparison with young adults and adoles?cents[J]. International Journal of Psychology, 2007, 42(5):331-341.
[13]刘群阅,陈烨,张薇,等.游憩者环境偏好、恢复性评价与健康效益评估关系研究:以福州国家森林公园为例[J].资源科学,2018, 40(2):381-391.[Liu Q Y, Chen Y, Zhang W, et al. Tour?ists’environmental preferences, perceived restoration and per?ceived health at Fuzhou National Forest Park[J]. Resources Sci?ence, 2018, 40(2):381-391.]
[14]刘群阅,尤达,朱里莹,等.游憩者场所依恋与恢复性知觉关系研究:以福州城市公园为例[J].资源科学, 2017, 39(7):1303-1313.[Liu Q Y, You D, Zhu L Y, et al. The relationship be?tween place attachment and restorative perception of tourists visit?ing Fuzhou urban parks[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(7):1303-1313.]
[15]刘群阅,尤达,潘明慧,等.游憩者场所感知与恢复性知觉关系研究:以福州温泉公园为例[J].旅游学刊, 2017, 32(7):77-88.[Liu Q Y, You D, Pan M H, et al. Tourist place perception and re?storative perception:A case study of Fuzhou hot spring park[J].Tourism Tribune, 2017, 32(7):77-88.]
[16]郭永锐,张捷,卢韶婧,等.旅游者恢复性环境感知的结构模型和感知差异[J].旅游学刊, 2014, 29(2):93-102.[Guo Y R,Zhang J, Lu S J, et al. The difference and structural model of tour?ist’s perceived restorative environment[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2014,29(2):93-102.]
[17] Kaplan S. The restorative benefits of nature:Toward an integrative framework[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1995, 15(3):169-182.
[18] Doherty T J, Clayton S. The psychological impacts of global cli?mate change[J]. American Psychologist, 2011, 66(4):265-276.
[19] Stokols D, Misra S, Runnerstrom M G, et al. Psychology in an age of ecological crisis:From personal angst to collective action[J].American Psychologist, 2009, 64(3):181-193.
[20] White M P, Pahl S, Ashbullby K, et al. Feelings of restoration from recent nature visits[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology,2013, 35:40-51.
[21] Wilkie S, Clouston L. Environment preference and environment type congruence:Effects on perceived restoration potential and restoration outcomes[J]. Urban Forestry&Urban Greening, 2015,14(2):368-376.
[22] Scopelliti M, Giuliani M. Choosing restorative environments across the lifespan:A matter of place experience[J]. Journal of Environ?mental Psychology, 2004, 24(4):423-437.
[23] Markevych I, Schoierer J, Hartig T, et al. Exploring pathways link?ing greenspace to health:Theoretical and methodological guidance[J]. Environmental Research, 2017, 158:301-317.
[24] Shi X. Factors influencing the environmental satisfaction of local residents in the coal mining area, China[J]. Social Indicators Re?search, 2015, 120(1):67-77.
[25] Pinquart M, Burmedi D. Correlates of residential satisfaction in adulthood and old age:A meta-analysis[J]. Annual Review of Ger?ontology and Geriatrics, 2003, 23(1):195-222.
[26] Kaplan R, Kaplan S. The Experience of Nature:A Psychological Perspective[M]. New York:Cambridge University Press, 1989.
[27] Wyles K J, Pahl S, Thomas K, et al. Factors that can undermine the psychological benefits of coastal environments[J]. Environment and Behavior, 2016, 48(9):1095-1126.
[28] Cervinka R, Schwab M, Sch?nbauer R, et al. My garden-my mate?Perceived restorativeness of private gardens and its predictors[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening, 2016, 16:182-187.
[29] Zhao J, Xu W, Ye L. Effects of auditory-visual combinations on perceived restorative potential of urban green space[J]. Applied Acoustics, 2018, 141:169-177.
[30] Pelletier L G, Legault L R, Tuson K M. The environmental satisfac?tion scale[J]. Environment and Behavior, 2016, 28(1):5-26.
[31] Sadick A, Issa M H. Occupants’indoor environmental quality sat?isfaction factors as measures of school teachers’well-being[J].Building and Environment, 2017, 119:99-109.
[32] Hadavi S. Direct and indirect effects of the physical aspects of the environment on mental well-being[J]. Environment and Behavior,2017, 49(10):1071-1104.
[33] Qin J, Zhou X, Sun C, et al. Influence of green spaces on environ?mental satisfaction and physiological status of urban residents[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening, 2013, 12(4):490-497.
[34] Lin T, Matzarakis A. Tourism climate information based on human thermal perception in Taiwan and Eastern China[J]. Tourism Man?agement, 2011, 32(3):492-500.
[35] Sabzevari A A, Miri M, Raziei T, et al. Evaluating the climate ca?pabilities of the coastal areas of Southeastern Iran for tourism:A case study on port of Chabahar[J]. International Journal of Biome?teorology, 2018, 62(7):1135-1145.
[36] Nasrollahi N, Hatami Z, Taleghani M. Development of outdoor thermal comfort model for tourists in urban historical areas:A case study in Isfahan[J]. Building and Environment, 2017, 125:356-372.
[37] Bigano A, Hamilton J M, Tol R S J. The impact of climate on holi?day destination choice[J]. Climatic Change, 2006, 76(3-4):389-406.
[38] Eugenio-Martin J L, Campos-Soria J A. Climate in the region of origin and destination choice in outbound tourism demand[J].Tourism Management, 2010, 31(6):744-753.
[39] Saverimuttu V, Varua M E. Climate variability in the origin coun?tries as a“push”factor on tourist arrivals in the Philippines[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 2014, 19(7):846-857.
[40] Goh C. Exploring impact of climate on tourism demand[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2012, 39(4):1859-1883.
[41] Zhang H Q, Kulendran N. The impact of climate variables on sea?sonal variation in Hong Kong inbound tourism demand[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2016, 56(1):94-107.
[42] Li H, Goh C, Hung K, et al. Relative climate index and its effect on seasonal tourism demand[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2017,57(2):178-192.
[43] Briere J, Downes A, Spensley J. Summer in the city:Urban weath?er conditions and psychiatric emergency-room visits[J]. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1983, 92(1):77-80.
[44] Hartig T, Catalano R, Ong M. Cold summer weather, constrained restoration, and the use of antidepressants in Sweden[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2007, 27(2):107-116.
[45] Park B, Furuya K, Kasetani T, et al. Relationship between psycho?logical responses and physical environments in forest settings[J].Landscape and Urban Planning, 2011, 102(1):24-32.
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