陕西庙梁金矿床地质特征、矿床成因及找矿前景分析
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摘要
庙梁金矿位于山柞旬泥盆系北部多金属矿集区的中心地带,地处华北板块与杨子板块拼接消亡带南缘的南秦岭造山带内,总体构造线呈北西西向,有北北东及近南北向构造叠加。矿体受构造控制时,矿液沿层间脆-韧性破碎带、层间裂隙带贯入、沉淀,形成构造石英脉蚀变岩型金矿;在隐爆角砾岩中受断裂破碎带和角砾岩间隙的共同控制,形成蚀变隐爆角砾岩型金矿。成矿热液属于低温变质热液+岩浆期后中温含矿热液侵入赋矿构造、在隐爆角砾岩中还萃取地层岩石中有益组分。因此矿床成因类型属沉积-浅成岩体侵位期后热液-迭加地下水循环改造的中低温热液型金矿床。早期花岗斑岩体的侵入,是形成矿区金矿床的重要条件。岩浆侵入活动产生了隐爆角砾岩,叠加改造了地层岩石的变形变质程度,形成相对高级别变质岩石和断裂破碎带,岩浆期后产生了丰富的含矿热液,为构造破碎带和角砾岩的蚀变岩和金矿床的形成奠定了成矿物质基础,且多期次岩浆侵入活动,成矿热液多次叠加,成为本区主要成矿组分金的富集成矿起到了关键作用,是矿区金矿床形成的重要成矿机制。本文在充分收集和研究区域矿产分布特征及矿化特征的基础上,结合区内金矿体矿物组成、化学成分特征以及控矿因素的研究,对庙梁金矿床的成因类型进行了初步的研究和探讨,并总结出此类矿床的找矿标志。并结合地质特征及与热液成因类型,认为本矿区具有良好的找矿前景。
Miaoliang gold deposit is located in the center of the polymetallic ore area of the northern tussah Devonian system,located in the southern Qinling Mountains orogenic belt of the southern margin of the North China plate and the Yangzi plate. The overall tectonic line is north-west to the west,with the superposition of north to east and near north-south structures. When the ore body is controlled by structure,the ore fluid is formed into a quartz vein altered rock type gold deposit along the brittle ductile fracture zone and interlayer fracture zone along the layer,which is controlled by the fracture zone and the clearance of the breccia in the cryptoexplosion breccia,forming an altered cryptoexplosive breccia type gold deposit. The ore-forming hydrothermal solution belongs to low-temperature metamorphic hydrothermal + magmatic post stage mesophilic ore bearing hydrothermal intrusive ore bearing structure,and also extracts useful components in the strata and rocks in cryptoexplosive breccia. Therefore,the genetic type of the deposit belongs to a medium low temperature hydrothermal gold deposit after hydrothermal sedimentary superimposed groundwater cycle. The intrusion of early granite porphyry is an important condition for forming gold deposits in the mining area. The intrusion of magma resulted in the formation of cryptoexplosive breccia,which superposed and reformed the deformation and metamorphism of the strata,formed relatively high grade metamorphic rocks and fracture zones,and produced rich ore bearing hydrothermal fluids after the period of magma,which laid a foundation for the formation of metallogenic material for the formation of the altered rock and gold deposits of the conglomerate and the breccia. The secondary magma intrusion,the superposition of the metallogenic hydrothermal fluid many times,has played a key role in the rich integration of the main metallogenic gold deposits in this area,and is an important metallogenic mechanism for the formation of gold deposits in the mining area. On the basis of fully collecting and studying the distribution characteristics and mineralogical characteristics of regional mineral resources and combining the mineral composition,chemical composition characteristics and ore controlling factors of the gold deposits in the region,the genetic types of the Mianliang gold deposit are preliminarily studied and discussed,and the prospecting criteria for such deposits are summarized. combined with geological characteristics and hydrothermal genetic types,it is considered that this mining area has good prospecting potential.
Miaoliang gold deposit is located in the center of the polymetallic ore area of the northern tussah Devonian system,located in the southern Qinling Mountains orogenic belt of the southern margin of the North China plate and the Yangzi plate. The overall tectonic line is north-west to the west,with the superposition of north to east and near north-south structures. When the ore body is controlled by structure,the ore fluid is formed into a quartz vein altered rock type gold deposit along the brittle ductile fracture zone and interlayer fracture zone along the layer,which is controlled by the fracture zone and the clearance of the breccia in the cryptoexplosion breccia,forming an altered cryptoexplosive breccia type gold deposit. The ore-forming hydrothermal solution belongs to low-temperature metamorphic hydrothermal + magmatic post stage mesophilic ore bearing hydrothermal intrusive ore bearing structure,and also extracts useful components in the strata and rocks in cryptoexplosive breccia. Therefore,the genetic type of the deposit belongs to a medium low temperature hydrothermal gold deposit after hydrothermal sedimentary superimposed groundwater cycle. The intrusion of early granite porphyry is an important condition for forming gold deposits in the mining area. The intrusion of magma resulted in the formation of cryptoexplosive breccia,which superposed and reformed the deformation and metamorphism of the strata,formed relatively high grade metamorphic rocks and fracture zones,and produced rich ore bearing hydrothermal fluids after the period of magma,which laid a foundation for the formation of metallogenic material for the formation of the altered rock and gold deposits of the conglomerate and the breccia. The secondary magma intrusion,the superposition of the metallogenic hydrothermal fluid many times,has played a key role in the rich integration of the main metallogenic gold deposits in this area,and is an important metallogenic mechanism for the formation of gold deposits in the mining area. On the basis of fully collecting and studying the distribution characteristics and mineralogical characteristics of regional mineral resources and combining the mineral composition,chemical composition characteristics and ore controlling factors of the gold deposits in the region,the genetic types of the Mianliang gold deposit are preliminarily studied and discussed,and the prospecting criteria for such deposits are summarized. combined with geological characteristics and hydrothermal genetic types,it is considered that this mining area has good prospecting potential.
引文
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[3]王东生,王瑞廷,代军治,等.秦岭造山带金属矿床的“二元控矿”特征[J].地质学报,2009(11):1730-1738.
[4]张西社,王瑞廷.陕西省山阳县池沟地区斑岩成矿特征、成矿规律及找矿预测[J].西北地质,2011(2):72-79.
[5]王瑞廷,李剑斌,任涛,等.柞水—山阳多金属矿集区成矿条件及找矿潜力分析[J].中国地质,2008,35(6):1291-1298.
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