高强度循环训练超重人群身体成分、心肺功能及代谢指标的变化
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摘要
背景:如何利用科学规律的身体活动来降低肥胖率及避免代谢疾病的发生是长时间以来相关学者研究的重点课题之一。目的:12周高强度循环训练对于超重肥胖男性的身体组成、心肺功能及代谢症候指标的影响。方法:23位中年超重男性随机分配至高强度循环训练组或控制组。接受3min台阶测验以取得受试者的体力指数。高强度循环训练组进行每周6次,为期12周共72次的高强度循环训练,即最大努力完成12个动作,运动30 s,休息15 s;控制组则维持日常身体活动。运动干预前、后受试者接受各项指标测量。结果与结论:(1)与运动前和控制组比较,运动干预后高强度循环训练组的体脂肪百分比、脂肪量、腰围、臀围、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、血浆三酰甘油、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均显著下降(P <0.05);体力指数、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著上升(P <0.05);(2)结果表明,每周运动时间约60 min,为期12周共72次的高强度循环训练可有效改善中年超重肥胖男性的身体成分、心肺功能、代谢症候指标。
BACKGROUND: How to reduce the obesity rate and the incidence of metabolic disorders by regular physical activity is a hotspot. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of 12-week high-intensity circuit training on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome markers in overweight or obese males. METHODS: Twenty-three middle-aged overweight or obese males were randomly assigned to high-intensitycircuit training or control groups. All participants underwent 3-minute step test to obtain the fitness index. The high-intensity circuit training was maximal effort to complete 12 exercises, with each workout of 30 seconds and rest interval for 15 seconds, 6 times weekly for 12 weeks(72 times in total). The control group underwent daily activity. All the variables were measured pre-and post-intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with baseline and control group, high-intensity circuit training significantly decreased the body fat percentage, fat mass, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, fasting blood-glucose, serum triacylglycerol, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterin cholesterol(P < 0.05). The fitness index and high-density lipoprotein cholesterin cholesterol were significantly increased(P < 0.05). Therefore, 12 weeks of high-intensity circuit training, around 60 minutes each week, can improve body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome markers in overweight or obese males.
BACKGROUND: How to reduce the obesity rate and the incidence of metabolic disorders by regular physical activity is a hotspot. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of 12-week high-intensity circuit training on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome markers in overweight or obese males. METHODS: Twenty-three middle-aged overweight or obese males were randomly assigned to high-intensitycircuit training or control groups. All participants underwent 3-minute step test to obtain the fitness index. The high-intensity circuit training was maximal effort to complete 12 exercises, with each workout of 30 seconds and rest interval for 15 seconds, 6 times weekly for 12 weeks(72 times in total). The control group underwent daily activity. All the variables were measured pre-and post-intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with baseline and control group, high-intensity circuit training significantly decreased the body fat percentage, fat mass, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, fasting blood-glucose, serum triacylglycerol, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterin cholesterol(P < 0.05). The fitness index and high-density lipoprotein cholesterin cholesterol were significantly increased(P < 0.05). Therefore, 12 weeks of high-intensity circuit training, around 60 minutes each week, can improve body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome markers in overweight or obese males.
引文
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[16]Miller MB, Pearcey GE, Cahill F,et al. The effect of a short-term high-intensity circuit training program on work capacity, body composition, and blood profiles in sedentary obese men:A pilot study. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:191797.
[17]张婷婷.递增负荷运动对不同田径训练队学生心肺耐力及能量代谢的影响[D].临汾:山西师范大学,2015.
[18]林坚,赵红勤,黄雄昂,等.高强度间歇训练对肥胖女大学生体成分和血脂及空腹胰岛素水平的影响[J].中国全科医学, 2016,19(18):39-44.
[19]王京京,韩涵,张海峰.高强度间歇训练对青年肥胖女性腹部脂肪含量的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2015,30(1):15-20+30.
[20]Hoiland RL. Is nitric oxide mediated sympatholysis im-proved with exercise? Yes or nNO?. J Physiol.2015;593(5):1045-1046.
[21]Segal SS. Enhanced functional sympatholysis through en-dothelial signalling in healthy young men and women.J Physiol.2016;594(24):7149-7150.
[22]Just TP, DeLorey DS. Exercise training andα1-adrenore-ceptormediated sympathetic vasoconstriction in resting and contracting skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep. 2016; 4(3):1-12.
[23]林家仕,严翊,苏浩,等.体力活动、心肺耐力与心血管疾病风险因素之间的相关性研究[J].北京体育大学学报, 2012,35(11):54-57+70.
[2]Booth FW, Gordon SE, Carlson CJ. Waging war on modern chronic diseases:Primary prevention through exercise biology. J Appl Physiol(1985). 2000;88(2):774-787.
[3]黎涌明.高强度间歇训练对不同训练人群的应用效果[J].体育科学,2015,(8):59-75+96.
[4]李旭辉,范晓梅,薛明明,等. 16周有氧运动处方对肥胖初中生血浆瘦素水平和血脂代谢的影响[J].沈阳体育学院学报, 2014,33(1):79-81+86.
[5]Klika B, Jordan C. High-intensity circuit training using body weight:Maximal results with minimal investment. ACSM’s Health and Fitness Journal.2013;7(3):8-13.
[6]冯连世,李开刚,运动员机能评定常用生理生化指标测试方法及应用[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2002
[7]戴伟宇.大强度间歇游泳运动对青年肥胖女性减肥效果的研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2014,34(6):99-102.
[8]田麦久.运动训练学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2000.
[9]王瑞元.运动生理学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2002.
[10]Pedersen BK, Saltin B. Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006;16Suppl 1:3-63..
[11]Edge J, Bishop D, Goodman C.The effects of training intensity on muscle buffer capacity in females. Eur J Appl Physiol.2006;96(1):97-105.
[12]Talanian JL, Galloway SD, Heigenhauser GJ.Two weeks of high-intensity aerobic interval training increases the capacity for fat oxidation during exercise in women. J Appl Physiol(1985).2007;102(4):1439-1447.
[13]Suzuki A, Kosuge K, Nanyu O. Five year study of cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese people:Implications concerning new onset of metabolic syndrome. Intern Med. 2010;49(1):1-6.
[14]Ekkekakis P,Lind E. Exercise does not feel the same when you are overweight:The impact of self-selected and imposed intensity on affect and exertion. International J Obesity.2006;30:652-660.
[15]Paoli A, Pacelli Q F, Moro T, Marcolin. Effects of high-intensity circuit training, low-intensity circuit training and endurance training on blood pressure and lipoproteins in middle-aged overweight men. Lipids Health Dis. 2013;12:131.
[16]Miller MB, Pearcey GE, Cahill F,et al. The effect of a short-term high-intensity circuit training program on work capacity, body composition, and blood profiles in sedentary obese men:A pilot study. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:191797.
[17]张婷婷.递增负荷运动对不同田径训练队学生心肺耐力及能量代谢的影响[D].临汾:山西师范大学,2015.
[18]林坚,赵红勤,黄雄昂,等.高强度间歇训练对肥胖女大学生体成分和血脂及空腹胰岛素水平的影响[J].中国全科医学, 2016,19(18):39-44.
[19]王京京,韩涵,张海峰.高强度间歇训练对青年肥胖女性腹部脂肪含量的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2015,30(1):15-20+30.
[20]Hoiland RL. Is nitric oxide mediated sympatholysis im-proved with exercise? Yes or nNO?. J Physiol.2015;593(5):1045-1046.
[21]Segal SS. Enhanced functional sympatholysis through en-dothelial signalling in healthy young men and women.J Physiol.2016;594(24):7149-7150.
[22]Just TP, DeLorey DS. Exercise training andα1-adrenore-ceptormediated sympathetic vasoconstriction in resting and contracting skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep. 2016; 4(3):1-12.
[23]林家仕,严翊,苏浩,等.体力活动、心肺耐力与心血管疾病风险因素之间的相关性研究[J].北京体育大学学报, 2012,35(11):54-57+70.
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