弱毒黄萎病菌的筛选及诱导向日葵交互保护作用的条件优化
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摘要
向日葵黄萎病是一种难以防治的土传病害。本研究通过毒力和致病力双重评价标准筛选得到一株弱毒黄萎病菌菌株Vn-1,采用诱导接种和挑战接种方法,明确了弱毒菌株Vn-1可以诱导向日葵产生对黄萎病菌的交互保护作用。本试验进一步对菌株Vn-1诱导间隔期和诱导浓度进行了条件优化,并在最优条件下探究其交互保护作用的持效性以及对向日葵植株生长情况的影响。结果表明,菌株Vn-1诱导向日葵交互保护的最佳诱导间隔为5 d,最佳诱导浓度为1×10~6孢子/m L;在最佳诱导条件下,防效最大可达72.27%,且在挑战接种44 d后维持防效在30%以上;对比直接接种强毒菌株处理,最佳诱导条件下,向日葵株高和根长显著提高,表明菌株Vn-1诱导能够减小强毒菌株对向日葵植株生长的抑制作用。
Sunflower Verticillium wilt is one of soil-borne diseases which are difficult to control. In this study, a hypovirulent strain Vn-1 of Gibellulopsis nigrescens. was screened and obtained by virulence index and disease index evaluation. It was the first time to clarify that strain Vn-1 can induce the cross-protection against sunflower Verticillium wilt. In order to find the best conditions for cross-protection of strain Vn-1, interval days and induced concentration were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, it was conducted to test the persistence of the cross-protection and its effect on sunflower growth. The results showed that the optimized condition was 5 d as interval days and 1×10~6 cfu/m L as induced concentration. Under the optimized condition, the highest control efficacy of strain Vn-1 against sunflower Verticillium wilt reached up to 72.27%, and the efficacy could maintain over 30% after 44 days by challenge inoculation. Under the optimal condition, plant height and root length of the sunflower were significantly improved, indicating that strain Vn-1 can reduce the inhibitory effect of virulent strains on the growth of sunflower plants.
Sunflower Verticillium wilt is one of soil-borne diseases which are difficult to control. In this study, a hypovirulent strain Vn-1 of Gibellulopsis nigrescens. was screened and obtained by virulence index and disease index evaluation. It was the first time to clarify that strain Vn-1 can induce the cross-protection against sunflower Verticillium wilt. In order to find the best conditions for cross-protection of strain Vn-1, interval days and induced concentration were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, it was conducted to test the persistence of the cross-protection and its effect on sunflower growth. The results showed that the optimized condition was 5 d as interval days and 1×10~6 cfu/m L as induced concentration. Under the optimized condition, the highest control efficacy of strain Vn-1 against sunflower Verticillium wilt reached up to 72.27%, and the efficacy could maintain over 30% after 44 days by challenge inoculation. Under the optimal condition, plant height and root length of the sunflower were significantly improved, indicating that strain Vn-1 can reduce the inhibitory effect of virulent strains on the growth of sunflower plants.
引文
[1]曹雄,孟庆林,刘继霞,等.不同向日葵品种资源对黄萎病抗性的田间鉴定[J].作物杂志,2014(1):67-72.
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[14]Kunkel L O.Studies on acquired immunity with tobacco and aucuba mosaics[J].Phytopathology,1934,24(5):436-466.
[15]云雷.向日葵变黑轮枝菌的鉴定与生物学特性的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
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[17]王克荣,陆家云.变黑轮枝菌种的鉴定及其致病力的测定[J].南京农业大学学报,1987,32(2):59-62.
[18]张慧,吴圣勇,李娟,等.不同培养基继代培养球孢白僵菌对西花蓟马毒力和产孢量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):2977-2987.
[19]吴洵耻,刘波.棉花黄萎病菌菌株间交互保护作用的研究(1)两菌株有效间隔天数的试验[J].植物病理学报,1987,17(4):215-218.
[20]邵碧英,吴祖建,林奇英,等.烟草花叶病毒弱毒株的筛选及其交互保护作用[J].福建农业大学学报(自然科学版),2001,30(3):297-303.
[21]肖荣凤,刘波,朱玉菁,等.非致病性尖抱镰刀菌FJAT-9290的定殖特性及对番茄枯萎病的防治效果[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(2):169-175.
[22]Fravel D,Olivain C,Alabouvette C.Research review Fusarium oxysporum and its biocontrol[J].New Phyologist,2003,157(3):493-502.
[23]Vagelas I,Leontopoulos S.Cross-protection of cotton against Verticillium wilt by Verticillium nigrescens[J].Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture,2015,27(9):687-691.
[24]Vermunt A M W,Kaarsemaker R C.Multi-genotype cross-protection against Pepino mosaic virus,in tomato[J].Crop Protection,2017,96(1):116-122.
[25]Zhang X,St Leger R J,Fang W.Stress-induced pyruvate accumulation contributes to cross protection in a fungus[J].Environmental Microbiology,2018,20(3):1158-1169.
[2]Rowe R C,Powelson M L.Potato early dying:Management challenges in a changing production environment[J].Plant Disease,2002,86(11):1184-1193.
[3]王顺党.茄子黄萎病综合防治技术探讨[J].蔬菜,2009(7):20-21.
[4]刘海洋,王伟,张仁福,等.新疆主要棉区棉花黄萎病发生概况[J].植物保护学报,2015,41(3):138-142.
[5]Bhat R G,Subbarao K V.Host range specificity in Verticillium dahliae[J].Phytopathology,1999,89(12):1218-1225.
[6]Leivacandia D E,Tsakona S,Kopsahelis N,et al.Biorefining of by-product streams from sunflower-based biodiesel production plants for integrated synthesis of microbial oil and value-added co-products[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,190:57-65.
[7]曹丽霞,徐利敏,云晓鹏,等.内蒙古地区向日葵主要病虫害发生现状及研究建议[J].内蒙古农业科技,2009(6):83-85.
[8]王玲,王淑红,何建国,等.向日葵病害发生原因与防治对策[J].甘肃科技,2010,26(7):162-163.
[9]陈吉棣.变黑轮枝菌一我国几种植物上首次报道的一种轮枝菌[J].植物病理学报,1982,28(4):5.
[10]陈峰.微生物诱导的植物系统抗性[J].工业微生物,2007,37(5):51-53.
[11]Chestwer K S.The problem of acquired physiological immunity in plants[J].Quarterly Review of Biology,1933,8(2):129-154.
[12]Zhu H Q,Feng Z L,Li Z F,et al.Characterization of two fungal isolates from cotton and evaluation of their potential for biocontrol of Verticillium wilt of cotton[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2013,161(2):70-77.
[13]Mckinney H H.Mosaic diseases in the canary islands,west Africa,and Gibraltar[J].Journal of Agricultural Research,1929,39(3):557-578.
[14]Kunkel L O.Studies on acquired immunity with tobacco and aucuba mosaics[J].Phytopathology,1934,24(5):436-466.
[15]云雷.向日葵变黑轮枝菌的鉴定与生物学特性的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[16]Isaac I.A further comparative study of pathogenic isolates of Verticillium:V.nubilum Pethybr.and V.tricorpus sp.Nov[J].Transactions of the British Mycological Society,1953,36(3):180-195.
[17]王克荣,陆家云.变黑轮枝菌种的鉴定及其致病力的测定[J].南京农业大学学报,1987,32(2):59-62.
[18]张慧,吴圣勇,李娟,等.不同培养基继代培养球孢白僵菌对西花蓟马毒力和产孢量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):2977-2987.
[19]吴洵耻,刘波.棉花黄萎病菌菌株间交互保护作用的研究(1)两菌株有效间隔天数的试验[J].植物病理学报,1987,17(4):215-218.
[20]邵碧英,吴祖建,林奇英,等.烟草花叶病毒弱毒株的筛选及其交互保护作用[J].福建农业大学学报(自然科学版),2001,30(3):297-303.
[21]肖荣凤,刘波,朱玉菁,等.非致病性尖抱镰刀菌FJAT-9290的定殖特性及对番茄枯萎病的防治效果[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(2):169-175.
[22]Fravel D,Olivain C,Alabouvette C.Research review Fusarium oxysporum and its biocontrol[J].New Phyologist,2003,157(3):493-502.
[23]Vagelas I,Leontopoulos S.Cross-protection of cotton against Verticillium wilt by Verticillium nigrescens[J].Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture,2015,27(9):687-691.
[24]Vermunt A M W,Kaarsemaker R C.Multi-genotype cross-protection against Pepino mosaic virus,in tomato[J].Crop Protection,2017,96(1):116-122.
[25]Zhang X,St Leger R J,Fang W.Stress-induced pyruvate accumulation contributes to cross protection in a fungus[J].Environmental Microbiology,2018,20(3):1158-1169.
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