并联电容器组谐波微机保护装置的研究与设计
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摘要
随着非线性用电设备的大量增加,电网谐波问题日益严重。并联电容器由于其本身的阻抗呈容性,更容易受到谐波的影响。此外,现有电容器的保护没有考虑到谐波带来的影响,导致在谐波环境下,电容器保护无法有效对电容器的安全运行进行保护。分析了谐波对现有电容器组保护的影响,在现有电容器保护的基础上设计了电容器谐波保护的方法及其整定原则。基于OMAP-L138处理器设计了一种新的并联电容器组谐波微机保护装置,除电容器组常规保护之外,实现了对并联电容器组单次谐波保护以及总谐波畸变率保护。最后通过实验室的测试验证了装置的精度及保护动作误差满足实际的运行要求。
With the increasing usage of non-linear devices, harmonic problem has become more and more serious in power grid. The shunt capacitor is very susceptible to harmonics because of its capacitive resistance. But existing capacitor protectors don't take into account the influence of harmonics, resulting that shunt capacitor cannot be effectively protected under the harmonic surroundings. This paper analyzes the harm of harmonics to capacitors, puts forward new harmonic protection methods and setting rules, and designs a microprocessor-based harmonic protection equipment based on OMAP-L138 processor which can realize single harmonic protection and total harmonic distortion rate protection besides common protections for shunt capacitor. Finally, the accuracy and error of the harmonic protection equipment is verified by laboratory test.
With the increasing usage of non-linear devices, harmonic problem has become more and more serious in power grid. The shunt capacitor is very susceptible to harmonics because of its capacitive resistance. But existing capacitor protectors don't take into account the influence of harmonics, resulting that shunt capacitor cannot be effectively protected under the harmonic surroundings. This paper analyzes the harm of harmonics to capacitors, puts forward new harmonic protection methods and setting rules, and designs a microprocessor-based harmonic protection equipment based on OMAP-L138 processor which can realize single harmonic protection and total harmonic distortion rate protection besides common protections for shunt capacitor. Finally, the accuracy and error of the harmonic protection equipment is verified by laboratory test.
引文
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[6]王莉虹,肖先勇,张逸,等.非线性负荷谐波贡献畸变功率评估指标与方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(9):41-47.WANG Lihong,XIAO Xianyong,ZHANG Yi,et al.Adistortion power based assessment index and method of harmonic contribution of nonlinear loads[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(9):41-47.
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[10]张旭泽,郑永康,康小宁,等.智能变电站继电保护系统所面临的若干问题[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(6):90-96.ZHANG Xuze,ZHENG Yongkang,KANG Xiaoning,et al.Several problems of intelligent substation relay protection system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(6):90-96.
[11]ZHANG Baohui,HAO Zhiguo,BO Zhiqian.New development in relay protection for smart gird[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power System,2016,1(1):121-127.DOI:10.1186/s41601-016-0025-x.
[12]薛海芹.电力电容器保护装置研发及实验研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.XUE Haiqin.Research and experiment of power capacitor protection equipment[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University,2015.
[13]刘小婷.基于微机的电容器保护装置[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.LIU Xiaoting.The device of capacitor protection based on microprocessor[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2013.
[14]王贺萍,田二胜,王露.基于多分组并补电容器的新型微机保护装置研制[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(3):131-134.WANG Heping,TIAN Ersheng,WANG Lu.Development of microcomputer protection based on multi-group parallel capacitors[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(3):131-134.
[15]郑伟.变压器直流偏磁下电容器谐波保护的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.ZHENG Wei.Research on capacitor protection for the harmonics caused by the DC bias of power transformers[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2011.
[16]岑旭.谐波对电力电容器寿命及保护影响的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2013.CEN Xu.Research of the influence of harmonic on the life and protection of power capacitor bank[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[17]肖遥,张晋寅,黎建平,等.H型接线高压滤波电容器组不平衡电流保护判据及定值[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(18):120-128.XIAO Yao,ZHANG Jinyin,LI Jianping,et al.Criterion and settings of unbalanced current protection for filter capacitor bank of H configuration[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(18):120-128.
[18]肖遥,张晋寅,杨晓峰,等.Ⅱ型接线滤波电容器组不平衡电流保护判据及定值[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(22):137-144.XIAO Yao,ZHANG Jinyin,YANG Xiaofeng,et al.Criteria and settings of unbalanced current protection for filter capacitor bank of∏configuration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(22):137-144.
[19]肖遥,夏谷林,张楠.H和∏接线高压滤波电容器组不平衡电流保护的定值计算及比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(增刊1):239-245.XIAO Yao,XIA Gulin,ZHANG Nan.Settings calculation and comparison of unbalanced current protection of high voltage filter capacitor banks connected as H and∏circuits[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(S1):239-245.
[20]全国电压电流等级和频率标准化技术委员会.电能质量公用电网谐波:GB/T 14549-1993[S].北京:国家技术监督局,1993.National Technical Committee on Voltages,Current Ratings and Frequencies of Standardization Administration of China.Quality of electric energy-supply harmonics in public supply network:GB/T 14549-1993[S].Beijing:State Bureau of Technical Supervision of China,1993.
[21]董艳铃,常扬.Vxworks嵌入式实时操作系统任务调度方法研究[J].计算机与网络,2014,40(10):55-58.DONG Yanling,CHANG Yang.Research on task scheduling algorithm in Vx Works embedded real-time operating system[J].Computer&Network,2014,40(10):55-58.
[22]刘益青,高伟聪,房同忠,等.VxWorks在电力系统测控保护装置中应用[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(2):149-152.LIU Yiqing,GAO Weicong,FANG Tongzhong,et al.Application of VxWorks in measuring-control and protection devices[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2009,29(2):149-152.
[23]Texas Instruments.OMAP-L138 C6000 DSP+ARMprocessor(Rev.D)[EB/OL].[2014].http://www.ti.com/lit/er/sprz301m/sprz301m.pdf.
[24]Texas Instruments.OMAP-L138 C6000 DSP+ARMprocessor technical reference manual(Rev.C)[EB/OL].[2016].http://www.ti.com/lit/ug/spruh77c/spruh77c.pdf.
[25]Texas Instruments.TMS320C6748?fixed-and floatingpoint DSP[EB/OL].[2017].http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tms320c6748.pdf.
[26]刘世丹,袁亮荣,曾耿晖,等.一种基于IEC 61850统一建模的多智能变电站数据共享方案[J].广东电力,2017,30(8):109-112.LIU Shidan,YUAN Liangrong,ZENG Genghui,et al.Unified modeling data sharing plan for multi-interlligeng substations based on IEC 61850[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(8):109-112.
[2]曾江,凌毓畅.光伏电站接入电网的电能质量分析及其应用[J].广东电力,2017,30(8):38-46.ZENG Jiang,LING Yuchang.Analysis and application of power quality of grid-connected photovoltaic power station[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(8):38-46.
[3]涂春鸣,杨义,肖凡,等.非线性负载下微电网主逆变器输出侧电能质量控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(11):2486-2495.TU Chunming,YANG Yi,XIAO Fan,et al.The output side power quality control strategy for microgrid main inverter under nonlinear load[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(11):2486-2495.
[4]朱晓娟,胡海涛,陶海东,等.光伏并网系统的谐波不稳定产生机理及影响规律[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(10):33-41.ZHU Xiaojuan,HU Haitao,TAO Haidong,et al.The Mechanism and influence of harmonic instability for photovoltaic grid-connected system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(10):33-41.
[5]唐宏伟,唐杰,林立.新型电气化铁路电能质量管理系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(17):84-91.TANG Hongwei,TANG Jie,LIN Li.New power quality management system in electrical railway[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(17):84-91.
[6]王莉虹,肖先勇,张逸,等.非线性负荷谐波贡献畸变功率评估指标与方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(9):41-47.WANG Lihong,XIAO Xianyong,ZHANG Yi,et al.Adistortion power based assessment index and method of harmonic contribution of nonlinear loads[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(9):41-47.
[7]殷明.电网谐波对电容器的影响[J].电子技术与软件工程,2017(16):226.YIN Ming.The influence of harmonics to capacitor[J].Electronic Technology&Software Engineering,2017(16):226.
[8]查志鹏,康文斌,张波,等.电力电容器噪声谐波影响特性试验研究[J].高压电器,2016,52(7):172-178.ZHA Zhipeng,KANG Wenbin,ZHANG Bo,et al.Experimental study on the impact of noise harmonics on power capacitor[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(7):172-178.
[9]中国电力企事业联合会.并联电容器装置设计规范:GB 50227-2017[S].北京:中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2017.China Electricity Council.Code for design of installation of shunt capacitors:GB 50227-2017[S].Beijing:General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,2017.
[10]张旭泽,郑永康,康小宁,等.智能变电站继电保护系统所面临的若干问题[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(6):90-96.ZHANG Xuze,ZHENG Yongkang,KANG Xiaoning,et al.Several problems of intelligent substation relay protection system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(6):90-96.
[11]ZHANG Baohui,HAO Zhiguo,BO Zhiqian.New development in relay protection for smart gird[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power System,2016,1(1):121-127.DOI:10.1186/s41601-016-0025-x.
[12]薛海芹.电力电容器保护装置研发及实验研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.XUE Haiqin.Research and experiment of power capacitor protection equipment[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University,2015.
[13]刘小婷.基于微机的电容器保护装置[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.LIU Xiaoting.The device of capacitor protection based on microprocessor[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2013.
[14]王贺萍,田二胜,王露.基于多分组并补电容器的新型微机保护装置研制[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(3):131-134.WANG Heping,TIAN Ersheng,WANG Lu.Development of microcomputer protection based on multi-group parallel capacitors[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(3):131-134.
[15]郑伟.变压器直流偏磁下电容器谐波保护的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.ZHENG Wei.Research on capacitor protection for the harmonics caused by the DC bias of power transformers[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2011.
[16]岑旭.谐波对电力电容器寿命及保护影响的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2013.CEN Xu.Research of the influence of harmonic on the life and protection of power capacitor bank[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[17]肖遥,张晋寅,黎建平,等.H型接线高压滤波电容器组不平衡电流保护判据及定值[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(18):120-128.XIAO Yao,ZHANG Jinyin,LI Jianping,et al.Criterion and settings of unbalanced current protection for filter capacitor bank of H configuration[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(18):120-128.
[18]肖遥,张晋寅,杨晓峰,等.Ⅱ型接线滤波电容器组不平衡电流保护判据及定值[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(22):137-144.XIAO Yao,ZHANG Jinyin,YANG Xiaofeng,et al.Criteria and settings of unbalanced current protection for filter capacitor bank of∏configuration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(22):137-144.
[19]肖遥,夏谷林,张楠.H和∏接线高压滤波电容器组不平衡电流保护的定值计算及比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(增刊1):239-245.XIAO Yao,XIA Gulin,ZHANG Nan.Settings calculation and comparison of unbalanced current protection of high voltage filter capacitor banks connected as H and∏circuits[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(S1):239-245.
[20]全国电压电流等级和频率标准化技术委员会.电能质量公用电网谐波:GB/T 14549-1993[S].北京:国家技术监督局,1993.National Technical Committee on Voltages,Current Ratings and Frequencies of Standardization Administration of China.Quality of electric energy-supply harmonics in public supply network:GB/T 14549-1993[S].Beijing:State Bureau of Technical Supervision of China,1993.
[21]董艳铃,常扬.Vxworks嵌入式实时操作系统任务调度方法研究[J].计算机与网络,2014,40(10):55-58.DONG Yanling,CHANG Yang.Research on task scheduling algorithm in Vx Works embedded real-time operating system[J].Computer&Network,2014,40(10):55-58.
[22]刘益青,高伟聪,房同忠,等.VxWorks在电力系统测控保护装置中应用[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(2):149-152.LIU Yiqing,GAO Weicong,FANG Tongzhong,et al.Application of VxWorks in measuring-control and protection devices[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2009,29(2):149-152.
[23]Texas Instruments.OMAP-L138 C6000 DSP+ARMprocessor(Rev.D)[EB/OL].[2014].http://www.ti.com/lit/er/sprz301m/sprz301m.pdf.
[24]Texas Instruments.OMAP-L138 C6000 DSP+ARMprocessor technical reference manual(Rev.C)[EB/OL].[2016].http://www.ti.com/lit/ug/spruh77c/spruh77c.pdf.
[25]Texas Instruments.TMS320C6748?fixed-and floatingpoint DSP[EB/OL].[2017].http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tms320c6748.pdf.
[26]刘世丹,袁亮荣,曾耿晖,等.一种基于IEC 61850统一建模的多智能变电站数据共享方案[J].广东电力,2017,30(8):109-112.LIU Shidan,YUAN Liangrong,ZENG Genghui,et al.Unified modeling data sharing plan for multi-interlligeng substations based on IEC 61850[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(8):109-112.
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