外挂PC复合墙板的分层装配支撑钢框架足尺振动台试验研究
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摘要
为真实反映地震作用下墙板与分层装配支撑钢框架的动力协同工作性能,设计了三层足尺分层装配支撑钢框架通过柔性减震连接件外挂PC复合墙板结构模型,通过振动台试验考察其动力损伤演化机制和变形特征。研究结果表明:外挂PC复合墙板的分层装配支撑钢框架结构可以满足我国规范对于抗震安全性的要求,并且表现出损伤控制和低残余位移特性。多遇地震作用下结构和墙板完好无损;设防地震作用下结构无损,墙板微损;罕遇地震作用下结构损伤集中于柔性支撑,梁柱框架无损,墙板及连接无显著破坏;超大地震作用下梁翼缘局部进入塑性,墙板节点和墙板边缘及预埋件处有显著破坏但主体结构完好。采用柔性减震连接件外挂的PC复合墙板不会影响分层装配支撑钢框架的变形恢复能力,其相对于主体结构具有良好的变形适应性,提高了分层装配支撑钢框架的层间变形均匀性,在支撑松弛的情况下可以显著提高结构刚度,从而降低层间位移响应和扭转响应,并削弱了柔性支撑在动力作用下突然张紧产生的冲击效应。总体上,外挂PC复合墙板的分层装配支撑钢框架结构具有优良的抗震性能和震后可恢复性。
In order to investigate the compatibility between external wall panel and floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame under actual earthquake excitation, a three-story structural model was designed in which the external PC composite wall panels were connected to the steel frame by flexible aseismic connectors. The full-scale shaking table test was conducted focusing on the dynamic damage evolution mechanism and deformation characteristics.The test results show that the floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame with external PC composite wall panel is able to meet the safety requirement of the design code. Meanwhile, the structure demonstrates the characteristics damage-controlled behavior and small residual displacements. Under frequent occurring earthquakes, the frame and the wall panels are not damaged. Under design basis earthquakes, the frame kept elastic and minor damage occurred in the wall panels. Under maximum considered earthquakes, the damage was controlled in the slender braces, while the beam-column frame kept elastic and no significant damage was observed in the wall panels and their connectors. Under extremely strong earthquake, the beam flange yielded; the wall panel connection was damaged and cracking was observed at the edge and near the embedded parts of the wall panels, but the main body of the wall panels was almost intact. The PC composite wall panels externally hanged on with the innovative flexible damping connectors did not affect the deformation recovery of the floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame, demonstrating good deformation compatibility with the main steel frame. With external wall panels, the structure showed improved uniformity of story drift. The external wall panel can significantly increase the stiffness of the structure in the case of braces slacking, thereby reducing the inter-story displacement response and torsional response of the structure, and weaken the impact effect due to the dynamic tension of the slender braces. In conclusion, the floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame with an external wall showed outstanding seismic performance and post-earthquake resilience.
In order to investigate the compatibility between external wall panel and floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame under actual earthquake excitation, a three-story structural model was designed in which the external PC composite wall panels were connected to the steel frame by flexible aseismic connectors. The full-scale shaking table test was conducted focusing on the dynamic damage evolution mechanism and deformation characteristics.The test results show that the floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame with external PC composite wall panel is able to meet the safety requirement of the design code. Meanwhile, the structure demonstrates the characteristics damage-controlled behavior and small residual displacements. Under frequent occurring earthquakes, the frame and the wall panels are not damaged. Under design basis earthquakes, the frame kept elastic and minor damage occurred in the wall panels. Under maximum considered earthquakes, the damage was controlled in the slender braces, while the beam-column frame kept elastic and no significant damage was observed in the wall panels and their connectors. Under extremely strong earthquake, the beam flange yielded; the wall panel connection was damaged and cracking was observed at the edge and near the embedded parts of the wall panels, but the main body of the wall panels was almost intact. The PC composite wall panels externally hanged on with the innovative flexible damping connectors did not affect the deformation recovery of the floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame, demonstrating good deformation compatibility with the main steel frame. With external wall panels, the structure showed improved uniformity of story drift. The external wall panel can significantly increase the stiffness of the structure in the case of braces slacking, thereby reducing the inter-story displacement response and torsional response of the structure, and weaken the impact effect due to the dynamic tension of the slender braces. In conclusion, the floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame with an external wall showed outstanding seismic performance and post-earthquake resilience.
引文
[1] 王伟, 陈以一, 余亚超, 等. 分层装配式支撑钢结构工业化建筑体系[J]. 建筑结构, 2012, 42(10): 48-52. (WANG Wei, CHEN Yiyi, YU Yachao, et al. Floor-by-floor assembled steel braced structures for prefabricated buildings[J]. Building Structure, 2012, 42(10):48-52. (in Chinese))
[2] 刘大伟,王伟, 马场峰雄, 等. 分层装配式钢结构体系新型支撑研制与性能试验[J]. 建筑结构, 2012,42(10):57- 60. (LIU Dawei, WANG Wei, BABA Mineo, et al. Development and behavior testing of innovative braces of floor-by-floor assembled steel structures[J]. Building Structure, 2012,42(10):57- 60. (in Chinese))
[3] 刘浩晋. 全螺栓现场连接梁贯通式节点性能研究[D]. 上海: 同济大学,2012:45-52. (LIU Haojin. Research for the beam-through connection with bolts in field[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2012:45-52. (in Chinese))
[4] 王慧. 贯通式H梁-方管柱端板连接节点试验研究[D]. 上海: 同济大学, 2015. (WANG Hui. Experimental study of connection with tubular column end-plate and continuous H-beam[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2015. (in Chinese))
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[6] 陈越时, 王伟, 陈以一. 三层足尺分层装配支撑钢框架结构的振动台试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报,2018, 39(9): 22-29.(CHEN Yueshi, WANG Wei, CHEN Yiyi. Full-scale shaking table test of a three-story floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2018, 39(9): 22-29. (in Chinese))
[7] 王伟,周青,陈以一,等. 梁贯通式支撑钢框架体系的强度折减系数研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2014, 35(1): 136-141. (WANG Wei, ZHOU Qing, CHEN Yiyi. et al. Research on strength reduction factors of steel beam-through braces frame[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(1):136-141.(in Chinese))
[8] 王伟,邹超,陈以一,等. 基于均匀层间位移的多层梁贯通式支撑钢框架简化抗震设计方法[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2016, 37(6): 107-114. (WANG Wei, ZOU Chao, CHEN Yiyi. et al. Seismic design method of multistory concentrically braced beam-through frames aimed at uniform inter-story drift[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2016, 37(6): 107-114. (in Chinese))
[9] 李国强, 王城. 外挂式和内嵌式ALC墙板钢框架结构的滞回性能试验研究[J]. 钢结构, 2005, 20(1):52-56. (LI Guoqiang, WANG Cheng. The hysteretic behavior of steel frames with ALC out-hung and in-fiiled walls[J]. Steel Construction, 2005, 20(1):52-56. (in Chinese))
[10] 李国强, 方明霁, 刘宜靖,等. 钢结构住宅体系加气混凝土外墙板抗震性能试验研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2005, 38(10):27-32. (LI Guoqiang, FANG Mingji, LIU Yijing, et al. An experimental study on the seismic behavior of ALC external wall panels in steel frames[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2005, 38(10):27-32. (in Chinese))
[11] 田海, 陈以一. ALC拼合墙板受剪性能试验研究和有限元分析[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2009, 30(2): 85-91. (TIAN Hai, CHEN Yiyi. Experimental research and finite element analysis on lateral shearing behavior of ALC spliced connection wallborad[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2009,30(2): 85-91.(in Chinese))
[12] 郭宏超, 孙立建, 刘云贺,等. 柔性钢框架外挂再生混凝土墙结构抗震性能试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2017, 38(2):63-73. (GUO Hongchao, SUN Lijian, LIU Yunhe, et al. Experimental study on seismic behavior of flexible steel frame with recycle concrete external wall[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2017, 38(2):63-73. (in Chinese))
[13] MCCORMICK J, ABURANO H, IKENAGA M, et al. Permissible residual deformation levels for building structures considering both safety and human elements[C] // Proceeding of the 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Harbin, China: Chinese Association of Earthquake Engineering, 2008: Paper ID 05- 06- 0071.
[14] TREMBLAY R, FILIATRAULT A. Seismic impact loading in inelastic tension-only concentrically braces steel frames: myth or reality?[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 1996, 25(12): 1373-1389.
[15] SABELLI R, ROEDER C W, HAJJAR J F. Seismic design of steel special concentrically braced frame systems[R]. Gaithersburg, USA: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2013.
[16] 陈以一, 贺修樟, 柯珂, 等. 可更换损伤元结构的特征与关键技术[J]. 建筑结构学报,2016,37(2):1-10. (CHEN Yiyi, HE Xiuzhang, KE Ke, et al. Characteristics and technical issues on structural systems with replaceable damage-concentrated elements[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2016, 37(2): 1-10.(in Chinese))
[2] 刘大伟,王伟, 马场峰雄, 等. 分层装配式钢结构体系新型支撑研制与性能试验[J]. 建筑结构, 2012,42(10):57- 60. (LIU Dawei, WANG Wei, BABA Mineo, et al. Development and behavior testing of innovative braces of floor-by-floor assembled steel structures[J]. Building Structure, 2012,42(10):57- 60. (in Chinese))
[3] 刘浩晋. 全螺栓现场连接梁贯通式节点性能研究[D]. 上海: 同济大学,2012:45-52. (LIU Haojin. Research for the beam-through connection with bolts in field[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2012:45-52. (in Chinese))
[4] 王慧. 贯通式H梁-方管柱端板连接节点试验研究[D]. 上海: 同济大学, 2015. (WANG Hui. Experimental study of connection with tubular column end-plate and continuous H-beam[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2015. (in Chinese))
[5] 周青,王伟,陈以一,等. 分层装配式支撑钢结构工业化建筑体系抗震性能试验研究[J]. 建筑结构, 2012, 42(10): 61- 64. (ZHOU Qing, WANG Wei, CHEN Yiyi, et al. Experimental research on seismic performance of floor-by-floor assembled steel braced structures for prefabricated buildings[J]. Building Structure, 2012,42(10):61- 64. (in Chinese))
[6] 陈越时, 王伟, 陈以一. 三层足尺分层装配支撑钢框架结构的振动台试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报,2018, 39(9): 22-29.(CHEN Yueshi, WANG Wei, CHEN Yiyi. Full-scale shaking table test of a three-story floor-by-floor assembled steel braced frame[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2018, 39(9): 22-29. (in Chinese))
[7] 王伟,周青,陈以一,等. 梁贯通式支撑钢框架体系的强度折减系数研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2014, 35(1): 136-141. (WANG Wei, ZHOU Qing, CHEN Yiyi. et al. Research on strength reduction factors of steel beam-through braces frame[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(1):136-141.(in Chinese))
[8] 王伟,邹超,陈以一,等. 基于均匀层间位移的多层梁贯通式支撑钢框架简化抗震设计方法[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2016, 37(6): 107-114. (WANG Wei, ZOU Chao, CHEN Yiyi. et al. Seismic design method of multistory concentrically braced beam-through frames aimed at uniform inter-story drift[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2016, 37(6): 107-114. (in Chinese))
[9] 李国强, 王城. 外挂式和内嵌式ALC墙板钢框架结构的滞回性能试验研究[J]. 钢结构, 2005, 20(1):52-56. (LI Guoqiang, WANG Cheng. The hysteretic behavior of steel frames with ALC out-hung and in-fiiled walls[J]. Steel Construction, 2005, 20(1):52-56. (in Chinese))
[10] 李国强, 方明霁, 刘宜靖,等. 钢结构住宅体系加气混凝土外墙板抗震性能试验研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2005, 38(10):27-32. (LI Guoqiang, FANG Mingji, LIU Yijing, et al. An experimental study on the seismic behavior of ALC external wall panels in steel frames[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2005, 38(10):27-32. (in Chinese))
[11] 田海, 陈以一. ALC拼合墙板受剪性能试验研究和有限元分析[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2009, 30(2): 85-91. (TIAN Hai, CHEN Yiyi. Experimental research and finite element analysis on lateral shearing behavior of ALC spliced connection wallborad[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2009,30(2): 85-91.(in Chinese))
[12] 郭宏超, 孙立建, 刘云贺,等. 柔性钢框架外挂再生混凝土墙结构抗震性能试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2017, 38(2):63-73. (GUO Hongchao, SUN Lijian, LIU Yunhe, et al. Experimental study on seismic behavior of flexible steel frame with recycle concrete external wall[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2017, 38(2):63-73. (in Chinese))
[13] MCCORMICK J, ABURANO H, IKENAGA M, et al. Permissible residual deformation levels for building structures considering both safety and human elements[C] // Proceeding of the 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Harbin, China: Chinese Association of Earthquake Engineering, 2008: Paper ID 05- 06- 0071.
[14] TREMBLAY R, FILIATRAULT A. Seismic impact loading in inelastic tension-only concentrically braces steel frames: myth or reality?[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 1996, 25(12): 1373-1389.
[15] SABELLI R, ROEDER C W, HAJJAR J F. Seismic design of steel special concentrically braced frame systems[R]. Gaithersburg, USA: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2013.
[16] 陈以一, 贺修樟, 柯珂, 等. 可更换损伤元结构的特征与关键技术[J]. 建筑结构学报,2016,37(2):1-10. (CHEN Yiyi, HE Xiuzhang, KE Ke, et al. Characteristics and technical issues on structural systems with replaceable damage-concentrated elements[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2016, 37(2): 1-10.(in Chinese))
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