采煤区水土资源损毁相关影响因素分析
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摘要
【目的】探讨煤炭企业生产视角下水土资源损毁的关键影响因素。【方法】借助EViews软件对研究区内12个煤炭企业共15个水土资源损毁影响因素进行散点拟合,定量分析了各因素对水土资源损毁的影响;选取7个影响因素进行核密度估计并描述了其曲线特征,结合多元回归模型分析了多因素对研究区水土资源损毁的综合影响并确定了其主要影响因素。【结果】影响研究区水资源耗损的主要因素是地下水径流量和总用水量,二者对数的核密度曲线双峰不明显,地下水径流量核密度曲线变化区间较大;服务年限与井田面积是土地资源损毁主要的影响因素,其对数的核密度曲线都是单峰,服务年限核密度曲线走势陡峭。【结论】研究区水土资源损毁的主要影响因素是地下水径流量、总用水量、服务年限与井田面积。
【Objective】Coal mining could pollute water and soil and in this paper we analyzed some factors which we believed have detrimental impact on soil and water qualities in coal mining regions.【Method】The analysis was based on data collected from 12 coal mines. We used the EViews software to analyze 12 factors which we believe have direct or indirect impact on water and soil qualities. For seven out of the 15 factors, we analyzed them using the nuclear density estimation method and quantified their statistical and correlative characteristics. Combined with the multiple regression analysis, the comprehensive impact of these factors on water and soil qualities in the studied mines was determined, from which we found the main factors.【Result】The main factors affecting water consumption in the 12 mines were groundwater flow and total water consumption. The logarithm of the nuclear density curves of the two factors did not have noticeable peaks. The nuclear density curve of groundwater flow varied widely, indicating that there was a difference between the 12 coal mines. The longevity of service and the size of the mines were the main factors responsible for soil deterioration, and the peaks of their logarithmic nuclear density curves were close. The steep nuclear density curve for the longevity of service indicated that the size of the coal mines had a significant impact on soil quality.【Conclusion】The main factors impacting water and soil qualities in the studied coal mines are groundwater flow, total water consumption, and longevity of service and size of the mines.
【Objective】Coal mining could pollute water and soil and in this paper we analyzed some factors which we believed have detrimental impact on soil and water qualities in coal mining regions.【Method】The analysis was based on data collected from 12 coal mines. We used the EViews software to analyze 12 factors which we believe have direct or indirect impact on water and soil qualities. For seven out of the 15 factors, we analyzed them using the nuclear density estimation method and quantified their statistical and correlative characteristics. Combined with the multiple regression analysis, the comprehensive impact of these factors on water and soil qualities in the studied mines was determined, from which we found the main factors.【Result】The main factors affecting water consumption in the 12 mines were groundwater flow and total water consumption. The logarithm of the nuclear density curves of the two factors did not have noticeable peaks. The nuclear density curve of groundwater flow varied widely, indicating that there was a difference between the 12 coal mines. The longevity of service and the size of the mines were the main factors responsible for soil deterioration, and the peaks of their logarithmic nuclear density curves were close. The steep nuclear density curve for the longevity of service indicated that the size of the coal mines had a significant impact on soil quality.【Conclusion】The main factors impacting water and soil qualities in the studied coal mines are groundwater flow, total water consumption, and longevity of service and size of the mines.
引文
[1]曹银贵,白中科,周伟,等.基于尺度差异的山西省采煤土地损毁影响因素分析[J].中国矿业, 2014, 23(8):75-82.
[2]周川,李妍均,朱祥柯,等.基于灰色聚类模型的重庆市典型矿区损毁程度研究[J].中国水土保持, 2016(8):49-51.
[3]金洪波,张世文,黄元仿.可拓理论在矿区土地破坏程度评价中的应用[J].岩土力学, 2010, 31(9):2 704-2 710.
[4]孙琦,白中科,曹银贵,等.特大型露天煤矿土地损毁生态风险评价[J].农业工程学报, 2015, 31(17):278-288.
[5]何书金,苏光全.中国采矿业的发展与矿区土地损毁预测[J].资源科学, 2002(2):17-21.
[6] REDONDO-VEGA J M, GóMEZ-VILLAR A, SANTOS-GONZáLEZ J, et al. Changes in land use due to mining in the north-western mountains of Spain during the previous 50 years[J]. Catena, 2017, 149:844-856.
[7]陆垂裕,陆春辉,李慧,等.淮南采煤沉陷区积水过程地下水作用机制[J].农业工程学报, 2015, 31(10):122-131.
[8]柴迪.村庄压煤山丘区采煤活动对地下水影响研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2017.
[9] SHANG Yizi, LU Shibao, LI Xiaofei, et al. Balancing development of major coal bases with available water resources in China through 2020[J].Applied Energy, 2016,194(15):735-750.
[10]李彩梅,杨永刚,秦作栋,等.基于FEFLOW和GIS技术的矿区地下水动态模拟及预测[J].干旱区地理, 2015, 38(2):359-367.
[11]许冬.济宁采煤沉陷区水土资源时空演变及引黄河泥沙充填复垦研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学, 2015.
[12]黄程希,王瑾,毕如田,等.压煤区开采规模与水土资源承载力协调性分析[J].灌溉排水学报, 2018, 37(1):91-97.
[13]许长新,林剑婷,宋敏.水土匹配、空间效应及区域农业经济增长:基于中国2003-2013的经验分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2016, 26(7):153-158.
[14]李慧,周维博,庄妍,等.延安市农业水土资源匹配及承载力[J].农业工程学报, 2016, 32(5):156-162.
[15]娄华君,庄健鸿.煤矿开采区水、土地与煤炭资源同步利用模式研究[J].资源科学, 2007(5):90-96.
[16]刘慧芳,毕如田,文博.流域“地-矿”土地水资源利用冲突测度确定及土地整治策略[J].农业工程学报, 2017, 33(14):238-249.
[17]张鹏辉,孙晚华.多元线性回归在影响因素分析中的应用[J].技术经济, 2000(7):61-62.
[18]赵亮,赵春霞,张二华.核回归方法的散点拟合曲面重构[J].计算机研究与发展, 2009, 46(9):1 446-1 455.
[19]何耀耀,闻才喜,许启发.基于Epanechnikov核与最优窗宽组合的中期电力负荷概率密度预测方法[J].电力自动化设备, 2016, 36(11):120-126.
[20]匡兵,卢新海,周敏.中国城市土地经济密度的分布动态演进[J].中国土地科学, 2016, 30(10):47-54.
[21]杨军,吴蔚,丛建辉,等.煤炭开采与水资源利用保护的耦合关系研究:基于中国10个煤炭资源丰裕省份的分析[J].生态经济, 2016, 32(2):156-164.
[22]范立民.保水采煤的科学内涵[J].煤炭学报, 2017, 42(1):27-35.
[23]顾大钊,张勇,曹志国.我国煤炭开采水资源保护利用技术研究进展[J].煤炭科学技术, 2016, 44(1):1-7.
[24]卞正富.国内外采煤区土地复垦研究综述[J].中国土地科学, 2000(1):6-11.
[25]张立平,张世文,叶回春,等.露天采煤区土地损毁与复垦景观指数分析[J].资源科学, 2014, 36(1):55-64.
[26]孙琦,白中科,曹银贵.基于生态风险评价的采煤区土地损毁与复垦过程分析[J].中国生态农业学报, 2017, 25(6):795-804.
[27]马海良,黄德春,张继国.考虑非合意产出的水资源利用效率及影响因素研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2012, 22(10):35-42.
[28]陈大波,杨德刚,唐宏,等.渭干河流域农业水资源消耗强度及影响因素[J].干旱区地理, 2014, 37(3):509-519.
[29]程琳琳,董雪梅,付亚洁,等.兖州矿区土地破坏主导影响因子筛选及其作用机理[J].工业安全与环保, 2017, 43(11):89-93.
[30]郑娟尔,姚华军,袁国华,等.中国采矿占损土地驱动因子及治理资金效益定量研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2015, 25(5):67-74.
[31]李奇伟,秦鹏.城市污染场地风险的公共治理与制度因应[J].中国软科学, 2017(3):56-65.
[32]刘超.海底可燃冰开发环境风险多元共治之论证与路径展开[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2017, 27(8):44-53.
[2]周川,李妍均,朱祥柯,等.基于灰色聚类模型的重庆市典型矿区损毁程度研究[J].中国水土保持, 2016(8):49-51.
[3]金洪波,张世文,黄元仿.可拓理论在矿区土地破坏程度评价中的应用[J].岩土力学, 2010, 31(9):2 704-2 710.
[4]孙琦,白中科,曹银贵,等.特大型露天煤矿土地损毁生态风险评价[J].农业工程学报, 2015, 31(17):278-288.
[5]何书金,苏光全.中国采矿业的发展与矿区土地损毁预测[J].资源科学, 2002(2):17-21.
[6] REDONDO-VEGA J M, GóMEZ-VILLAR A, SANTOS-GONZáLEZ J, et al. Changes in land use due to mining in the north-western mountains of Spain during the previous 50 years[J]. Catena, 2017, 149:844-856.
[7]陆垂裕,陆春辉,李慧,等.淮南采煤沉陷区积水过程地下水作用机制[J].农业工程学报, 2015, 31(10):122-131.
[8]柴迪.村庄压煤山丘区采煤活动对地下水影响研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2017.
[9] SHANG Yizi, LU Shibao, LI Xiaofei, et al. Balancing development of major coal bases with available water resources in China through 2020[J].Applied Energy, 2016,194(15):735-750.
[10]李彩梅,杨永刚,秦作栋,等.基于FEFLOW和GIS技术的矿区地下水动态模拟及预测[J].干旱区地理, 2015, 38(2):359-367.
[11]许冬.济宁采煤沉陷区水土资源时空演变及引黄河泥沙充填复垦研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学, 2015.
[12]黄程希,王瑾,毕如田,等.压煤区开采规模与水土资源承载力协调性分析[J].灌溉排水学报, 2018, 37(1):91-97.
[13]许长新,林剑婷,宋敏.水土匹配、空间效应及区域农业经济增长:基于中国2003-2013的经验分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2016, 26(7):153-158.
[14]李慧,周维博,庄妍,等.延安市农业水土资源匹配及承载力[J].农业工程学报, 2016, 32(5):156-162.
[15]娄华君,庄健鸿.煤矿开采区水、土地与煤炭资源同步利用模式研究[J].资源科学, 2007(5):90-96.
[16]刘慧芳,毕如田,文博.流域“地-矿”土地水资源利用冲突测度确定及土地整治策略[J].农业工程学报, 2017, 33(14):238-249.
[17]张鹏辉,孙晚华.多元线性回归在影响因素分析中的应用[J].技术经济, 2000(7):61-62.
[18]赵亮,赵春霞,张二华.核回归方法的散点拟合曲面重构[J].计算机研究与发展, 2009, 46(9):1 446-1 455.
[19]何耀耀,闻才喜,许启发.基于Epanechnikov核与最优窗宽组合的中期电力负荷概率密度预测方法[J].电力自动化设备, 2016, 36(11):120-126.
[20]匡兵,卢新海,周敏.中国城市土地经济密度的分布动态演进[J].中国土地科学, 2016, 30(10):47-54.
[21]杨军,吴蔚,丛建辉,等.煤炭开采与水资源利用保护的耦合关系研究:基于中国10个煤炭资源丰裕省份的分析[J].生态经济, 2016, 32(2):156-164.
[22]范立民.保水采煤的科学内涵[J].煤炭学报, 2017, 42(1):27-35.
[23]顾大钊,张勇,曹志国.我国煤炭开采水资源保护利用技术研究进展[J].煤炭科学技术, 2016, 44(1):1-7.
[24]卞正富.国内外采煤区土地复垦研究综述[J].中国土地科学, 2000(1):6-11.
[25]张立平,张世文,叶回春,等.露天采煤区土地损毁与复垦景观指数分析[J].资源科学, 2014, 36(1):55-64.
[26]孙琦,白中科,曹银贵.基于生态风险评价的采煤区土地损毁与复垦过程分析[J].中国生态农业学报, 2017, 25(6):795-804.
[27]马海良,黄德春,张继国.考虑非合意产出的水资源利用效率及影响因素研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2012, 22(10):35-42.
[28]陈大波,杨德刚,唐宏,等.渭干河流域农业水资源消耗强度及影响因素[J].干旱区地理, 2014, 37(3):509-519.
[29]程琳琳,董雪梅,付亚洁,等.兖州矿区土地破坏主导影响因子筛选及其作用机理[J].工业安全与环保, 2017, 43(11):89-93.
[30]郑娟尔,姚华军,袁国华,等.中国采矿占损土地驱动因子及治理资金效益定量研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2015, 25(5):67-74.
[31]李奇伟,秦鹏.城市污染场地风险的公共治理与制度因应[J].中国软科学, 2017(3):56-65.
[32]刘超.海底可燃冰开发环境风险多元共治之论证与路径展开[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2017, 27(8):44-53.
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