长江中下游成矿带和矿集区的地球物理标志及基于交叉梯度的找矿预测
|
摘要
长江中下游成矿带是我国重要的铁铜多金属矿产资源基地,基于成矿系统理论,研究其在成矿带尺度,矿集区尺度和矿田尺度上的地球物理场特征,对于发现类似巨型成矿带和寻找同类大型矿床具有重要意义.本文结合区域重磁资料和深反射地震资料,分析了长江中下游成矿带的地球物理特征,发现长江中下游成矿带的地球物理标志是重磁同高的条带状异常,认为地幔流通道是形成此类巨型成矿带的根本原因.通过庐枞矿集区的深地震反射资料分析,认为深反射地震探测能有效识别Moho破裂及地幔流通道,重磁与地震结合寻找地幔流通道是发现此类成矿带的有效途径.在矿集区尺度上,重力高值带上的相对重力低地区对应金属矿床集中分布的拉分盆地.为有效筛选找矿靶区,我们提出了一种改进的重磁交叉梯度方法,通过模型试验,发现该方法能很好的区分不同组合的重磁异常.利用该方法,在九瑞矿集区和铜陵矿集区开展了找矿预测,结果表明该方法是一种圈定找矿靶区的有效方法.
The middle and lower Yangtz River metallogenic belt is an important resources basement of iron and copper polymetallic mineral in China.Based on the mineral system theory, the study of the characteristics of geophysical field in the metallogenic belt scale, ore concentration scale and ore field scale is of great significance for discovering similar giant metallogenic belts and finding similar large ore deposits. In this paper, we combined with the regional gravity and magnetic data and deep seismic reflection data, analyzed the geophysical characteristics of the middle and lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt, that geophysical indication of the tbelt is banding shape high gravity and magnetic anomaly, mantle flow channel is the root cause of the formation of such huge metallogenic belt. Deep reflection seismic method can reveal Moho break and mantle flow channel,the combination of gravity and magnetic and seismic method is an effective way for search mantle flow channel.On the scale of ore concentration area, the relatively low gravity area on the high gravity value zone shows the pull-apart basin of deposit concentrated distribution.In order to find the target area effectively, an improved gravity and magnetic cross gradient method is put forward. Through the synthesis model test, it is found that the method can well distinguish the positions of different combinations of gravity and magnetic anomalies. By using this method in Tongling and Jiujiang-Ruichang ore concentration area to carry the results show that magnetic and gravity cross gradient is an effective method for the delineation of ore prospecting targets.
The middle and lower Yangtz River metallogenic belt is an important resources basement of iron and copper polymetallic mineral in China.Based on the mineral system theory, the study of the characteristics of geophysical field in the metallogenic belt scale, ore concentration scale and ore field scale is of great significance for discovering similar giant metallogenic belts and finding similar large ore deposits. In this paper, we combined with the regional gravity and magnetic data and deep seismic reflection data, analyzed the geophysical characteristics of the middle and lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt, that geophysical indication of the tbelt is banding shape high gravity and magnetic anomaly, mantle flow channel is the root cause of the formation of such huge metallogenic belt. Deep reflection seismic method can reveal Moho break and mantle flow channel,the combination of gravity and magnetic and seismic method is an effective way for search mantle flow channel.On the scale of ore concentration area, the relatively low gravity area on the high gravity value zone shows the pull-apart basin of deposit concentrated distribution.In order to find the target area effectively, an improved gravity and magnetic cross gradient method is put forward. Through the synthesis model test, it is found that the method can well distinguish the positions of different combinations of gravity and magnetic anomalies. By using this method in Tongling and Jiujiang-Ruichang ore concentration area to carry the results show that magnetic and gravity cross gradient is an effective method for the delineation of ore prospecting targets.
引文
Chang Y F,Liu X P,Wu Y C. 1991. Iron-Copper Mineralization Belt of Middle-Lower Yangtz Valley [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,1-147.常印佛,刘湘培,吴言昌. 1991. 长江中下游铜铁成矿带[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,1-147.
Chen H,Deng J Z,LV Q T,et al .2015.Three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data at Jiujiang-Ruichang district and metallogenic indication [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),58(12): 4478- 4489,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151212.陈辉,邓居智,吕庆田,等. 2015. 九瑞矿集区重磁三维约束反演及深部找矿意义[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4478- 4489,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151212.
Deng Z,Lü Q T,Yan J Y,et al. 2012. The three-dimension structure and the enlightenment to the regional prospecting of the Jiujiang-Ruichang district [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),55(12): 4169- 4180.邓震,吕庆田,严加永,等. 2012. 九江—瑞昌矿集区的3D结构及对区域找矿的启示[J]. 地球物理学报,55(12): 4169- 4180.
Dong S W,Gao R,Lv Q T,et al. 2009. Deep structure and ore-forming in Lujiang-Zongyang ore concentrated area [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica (in Chinese). 30(3): 279-284.董树文,高锐,吕庆田,等. 2009. 庐江-枞阳矿集区深部结构与成矿[J]. 地球学报,30(03): 279-284.
Dong S W,Li T D,Chen X H,et al. 2014. SinoProbe revealed crustal structures,deep processes,and metallogenic background within China continent [J]. Earth Science Frontiers (in Chinese),21(3): 201-225.董树文,李廷栋,陈宣华,等. 2014. 深部探测揭示中国地壳结构、深部过程与成矿作用背景[J]. 地学前缘,21(03): 201-225.
Dong S W,Ma L C,Liu G,et al. 2011. On dynamics of the Metallogenic Belt of Middle-Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Eastern China [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica (in Chinese),85(05): 612- 625.董树文,马立成,刘刚,等. 2011. 论长江中下游成矿动力学[J]. 地质学报,85(05): 612- 625.
Dong S W,Xiang H S,Gao R. 2012. Crust structure exploration and deep geology of Lujiang-Zongyang ore concentration district [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,75-140.董树文,项怀顺,高锐. 2012. 长江中下游庐江-枞阳矿集区地壳结构探测与深部地质[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,75-140.
Gallardo L A. 2007. Multiple cross-gradient joint inversion for geospectral imaging [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,34(19): L9301.
Gao R,Lu Z W,Liu J K,et al. 2010. A result of interpretating from deep seismic reflection profile: revealing fine structure of the crust and tracing deep process of the mineralization in Luzong deposit area [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),26(9): 2543-2552.高锐,卢占武,刘金凯,等. 2010. 庐-枞金属矿集区深地震反射剖面解释结果-揭露地壳精细结构,追踪成矿深部过程[J]. 岩石学报,26(9): 2543-2552.
Hou Z Q. 2010. Metallogensis of continental collision [J]. ACTA Geologica SINICA (in Chinese),84(1): 30-58.侯增谦. 2010. 大陆碰撞成矿论[J]. 地质学报,84(01): 30-58.
Huang Z L,Wang D,Yan J Y,et al. 2016. A huge deep fault system at the east edge of eurasia: the new tectonic interpretation based on satellite gravity [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica (in Chinese),37(01): 25-34.黄宗理,王典,严加永,等. 2016. 欧亚大陆东缘存在一个巨型深断裂系统——基于卫星重力的新发现[J]. 地球学报,37(01): 25-34.
Lan X Y,Du J G,Yan J Y,et al. 2015. 3D gravity and magnetic interactive inversion modeling based on prior information: A case study of the Tongling ore concentration area [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),58(12): 4436- 4449,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151209.兰学毅,杜建国,严加永,等. 2015. 基于先验信息约束的重磁三维交互反演建模技术—以铜陵矿集区为例[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4436- 4449,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151209.
Lü Q T,Dong S W,Shi D N,et al. 2014a. Lithosphere architecture and geodynamic model of Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze Metallogenic Belt: A review from SinoProbe [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),30(4): 889-906.吕庆田,董树文,史大年,等. 2014a. 长江中下游成矿带岩石圈结构与成矿动力学模型—深部探测(SinoProbe)综述[J]. 岩石学报,30(04): 889-906.
Lü Q T,Dong S W,Tang J T,et al. 2015. Multi-scale and integrated geophysical data revealing mineral systems and exploring for mineral deposits at depth: A synthesis from SinoProbe- 03 [J]. Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),58(12): 4319- 4343,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151201.吕庆田,董树文,汤井田,等. 2015. 多尺度综合地球物理探测:揭示成矿系统、助力深部找矿—长江中下游深部探测(SinoProbe- 03)进展[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4319- 4343,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151201.
Lü Q T,Liu Z D,Tang J T,et al. 2014b. Upper Crustal Structure and Deformation of Lu-Zong Ore District:Constraints from Integrated Geophysical Data [J]. ACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (in Chinese),88(04): 447- 465.吕庆田,刘振东,汤井田,等. 2014b. 庐枞矿集区上地壳结构与变形:综合地球物理探测结果[J]. 地质学报,88(04): 447- 465.
Qin K Z,Zhai M G,Li G M,et al. 2017. Links of collage orogenesis of multiblocks and crust evolution to characteristic metallogeneses in China [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),33(2): 305-325.秦克章,翟明国,李光明,等. 2017. 中国陆壳演化、多块体拼合造山与特色成矿的关系[J]. 岩石学报,33(02): 305-325.
Tang Y C,Wu Y C,Chu G Z. 1998. Geology of copper polymetallic minerals in the areas along the Yangtze River in Anhui [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,10-11.(in Chinese).唐永成,吴言昌,储国正,等. 1998. 安徽沿江地区铜金多金属矿产地质[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,10-11.
Wang J,Meng X H,Chen Z X,et al. 2013. The theory of cross-gradient and its application in geophysical joint inversion [J]. Progress in Geophys (in Chinese),28(4): 2094-2103,doi: 10.6038/pg20130454.王俊,孟小红,陈召曦,等. 2013. 交叉梯度理论及其在地球物理联合反演中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,28(4): 2094-2103,doi: 10.6038/pg20130454.
Xu J W,Ma G F. 1992. Translational movement of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone and its geological significance [J]. Geological Review (in Chinese),38(4): 316-324.徐嘉炜,马国锋. 1992. 郯庐断裂带研究的十年回顾[J]. 地质论评,38(4): 316-324.
Yan J Y,Lü Q T,Chen M C,et al. 2015. Identification and extraction of geological structure information based on multi-scale edge detection of gravity and magnetic fields: An example of the Tongling ore concentration area [J]. Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),58(12): 4450- 4464,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151210.严加永,吕庆田,陈明春,等. 2015. 基于重磁场多尺度边缘检测的地质构造信息识别与提取—以铜陵矿集区为例[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4450- 4464,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151210.
Yang W C,Yu C Q. 2014. Cratonization processes of continental collision belts: reveled by worldwide comparison of crust and upper mantle structures [J]. Geological Review (in Chinese),60(04): 721-740.杨文采,于常青. 2014. 从地壳上地幔构造看大陆碰撞带岩石圈的克拉通化[J]. 地质论评,60(04): 721-740.
Zhai Y S,Yao S Z,Lin X D,et al. 1992. Metallogenic regularities of iron and copper (gold) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,2-3.翟裕生,姚书振,林新多,等. 1992. 长江中下游地区铁铜(金)成矿规律[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,2-3.
Zhang Y Q,Lü Q T,Teng J W,et al. 2014. Discussion on the crustal density structure and deep mineralization background in the Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt and its surrounding area: Constraints from the gravity inversion [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),30(4): 931-940.张永谦,吕庆田,滕吉文,等. 2014. 长江中下游及邻区的地壳密度结构与深部成矿背景探讨—来自重力学的约束[J]. 岩石学报,30(04): 931-940.
Chen H,Deng J Z,LV Q T,et al .2015.Three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data at Jiujiang-Ruichang district and metallogenic indication [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),58(12): 4478- 4489,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151212.陈辉,邓居智,吕庆田,等. 2015. 九瑞矿集区重磁三维约束反演及深部找矿意义[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4478- 4489,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151212.
Deng Z,Lü Q T,Yan J Y,et al. 2012. The three-dimension structure and the enlightenment to the regional prospecting of the Jiujiang-Ruichang district [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),55(12): 4169- 4180.邓震,吕庆田,严加永,等. 2012. 九江—瑞昌矿集区的3D结构及对区域找矿的启示[J]. 地球物理学报,55(12): 4169- 4180.
Dong S W,Gao R,Lv Q T,et al. 2009. Deep structure and ore-forming in Lujiang-Zongyang ore concentrated area [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica (in Chinese). 30(3): 279-284.董树文,高锐,吕庆田,等. 2009. 庐江-枞阳矿集区深部结构与成矿[J]. 地球学报,30(03): 279-284.
Dong S W,Li T D,Chen X H,et al. 2014. SinoProbe revealed crustal structures,deep processes,and metallogenic background within China continent [J]. Earth Science Frontiers (in Chinese),21(3): 201-225.董树文,李廷栋,陈宣华,等. 2014. 深部探测揭示中国地壳结构、深部过程与成矿作用背景[J]. 地学前缘,21(03): 201-225.
Dong S W,Ma L C,Liu G,et al. 2011. On dynamics of the Metallogenic Belt of Middle-Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Eastern China [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica (in Chinese),85(05): 612- 625.董树文,马立成,刘刚,等. 2011. 论长江中下游成矿动力学[J]. 地质学报,85(05): 612- 625.
Dong S W,Xiang H S,Gao R. 2012. Crust structure exploration and deep geology of Lujiang-Zongyang ore concentration district [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,75-140.董树文,项怀顺,高锐. 2012. 长江中下游庐江-枞阳矿集区地壳结构探测与深部地质[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,75-140.
Gallardo L A. 2007. Multiple cross-gradient joint inversion for geospectral imaging [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,34(19): L9301.
Gao R,Lu Z W,Liu J K,et al. 2010. A result of interpretating from deep seismic reflection profile: revealing fine structure of the crust and tracing deep process of the mineralization in Luzong deposit area [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),26(9): 2543-2552.高锐,卢占武,刘金凯,等. 2010. 庐-枞金属矿集区深地震反射剖面解释结果-揭露地壳精细结构,追踪成矿深部过程[J]. 岩石学报,26(9): 2543-2552.
Hou Z Q. 2010. Metallogensis of continental collision [J]. ACTA Geologica SINICA (in Chinese),84(1): 30-58.侯增谦. 2010. 大陆碰撞成矿论[J]. 地质学报,84(01): 30-58.
Huang Z L,Wang D,Yan J Y,et al. 2016. A huge deep fault system at the east edge of eurasia: the new tectonic interpretation based on satellite gravity [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica (in Chinese),37(01): 25-34.黄宗理,王典,严加永,等. 2016. 欧亚大陆东缘存在一个巨型深断裂系统——基于卫星重力的新发现[J]. 地球学报,37(01): 25-34.
Lan X Y,Du J G,Yan J Y,et al. 2015. 3D gravity and magnetic interactive inversion modeling based on prior information: A case study of the Tongling ore concentration area [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),58(12): 4436- 4449,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151209.兰学毅,杜建国,严加永,等. 2015. 基于先验信息约束的重磁三维交互反演建模技术—以铜陵矿集区为例[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4436- 4449,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151209.
Lü Q T,Dong S W,Shi D N,et al. 2014a. Lithosphere architecture and geodynamic model of Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze Metallogenic Belt: A review from SinoProbe [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),30(4): 889-906.吕庆田,董树文,史大年,等. 2014a. 长江中下游成矿带岩石圈结构与成矿动力学模型—深部探测(SinoProbe)综述[J]. 岩石学报,30(04): 889-906.
Lü Q T,Dong S W,Tang J T,et al. 2015. Multi-scale and integrated geophysical data revealing mineral systems and exploring for mineral deposits at depth: A synthesis from SinoProbe- 03 [J]. Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),58(12): 4319- 4343,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151201.吕庆田,董树文,汤井田,等. 2015. 多尺度综合地球物理探测:揭示成矿系统、助力深部找矿—长江中下游深部探测(SinoProbe- 03)进展[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4319- 4343,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151201.
Lü Q T,Liu Z D,Tang J T,et al. 2014b. Upper Crustal Structure and Deformation of Lu-Zong Ore District:Constraints from Integrated Geophysical Data [J]. ACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (in Chinese),88(04): 447- 465.吕庆田,刘振东,汤井田,等. 2014b. 庐枞矿集区上地壳结构与变形:综合地球物理探测结果[J]. 地质学报,88(04): 447- 465.
Qin K Z,Zhai M G,Li G M,et al. 2017. Links of collage orogenesis of multiblocks and crust evolution to characteristic metallogeneses in China [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),33(2): 305-325.秦克章,翟明国,李光明,等. 2017. 中国陆壳演化、多块体拼合造山与特色成矿的关系[J]. 岩石学报,33(02): 305-325.
Tang Y C,Wu Y C,Chu G Z. 1998. Geology of copper polymetallic minerals in the areas along the Yangtze River in Anhui [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,10-11.(in Chinese).唐永成,吴言昌,储国正,等. 1998. 安徽沿江地区铜金多金属矿产地质[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,10-11.
Wang J,Meng X H,Chen Z X,et al. 2013. The theory of cross-gradient and its application in geophysical joint inversion [J]. Progress in Geophys (in Chinese),28(4): 2094-2103,doi: 10.6038/pg20130454.王俊,孟小红,陈召曦,等. 2013. 交叉梯度理论及其在地球物理联合反演中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,28(4): 2094-2103,doi: 10.6038/pg20130454.
Xu J W,Ma G F. 1992. Translational movement of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone and its geological significance [J]. Geological Review (in Chinese),38(4): 316-324.徐嘉炜,马国锋. 1992. 郯庐断裂带研究的十年回顾[J]. 地质论评,38(4): 316-324.
Yan J Y,Lü Q T,Chen M C,et al. 2015. Identification and extraction of geological structure information based on multi-scale edge detection of gravity and magnetic fields: An example of the Tongling ore concentration area [J]. Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),58(12): 4450- 4464,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151210.严加永,吕庆田,陈明春,等. 2015. 基于重磁场多尺度边缘检测的地质构造信息识别与提取—以铜陵矿集区为例[J]. 地球物理学报,58(12): 4450- 4464,doi: 10.6038/cjg20151210.
Yang W C,Yu C Q. 2014. Cratonization processes of continental collision belts: reveled by worldwide comparison of crust and upper mantle structures [J]. Geological Review (in Chinese),60(04): 721-740.杨文采,于常青. 2014. 从地壳上地幔构造看大陆碰撞带岩石圈的克拉通化[J]. 地质论评,60(04): 721-740.
Zhai Y S,Yao S Z,Lin X D,et al. 1992. Metallogenic regularities of iron and copper (gold) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,2-3.翟裕生,姚书振,林新多,等. 1992. 长江中下游地区铁铜(金)成矿规律[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,2-3.
Zhang Y Q,Lü Q T,Teng J W,et al. 2014. Discussion on the crustal density structure and deep mineralization background in the Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt and its surrounding area: Constraints from the gravity inversion [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),30(4): 931-940.张永谦,吕庆田,滕吉文,等. 2014. 长江中下游及邻区的地壳密度结构与深部成矿背景探讨—来自重力学的约束[J]. 岩石学报,30(04): 931-940.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |