中国旅游产业投资及旅游发展空间结构响应——基于2000～2015年旅游业三大核心部门数据的分析

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英文篇名：Evolution of Tourism Investment and Impact on Pattern of Chinese Tourism 作者：李涛 ; 刘家明 ; 朱鹤 ; 龙飞 ; 余文婷 英文作者：Li Tao;Liu Jiaming;Zhu He;Long Fei;Yu Wenting;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 关键词：旅游产业投资 ; 旅游发展 ; 时间磨蚀效应 ; 绩效累积效应 ; 空间牵引效应 ; 旅游业三大核心部门 ; 中国 英文关键词：tourism investment;;tourism development;;time abrasion effect;;performance cumulative effect;;spatial traction effect;;the three core departments of tourism industry;;China 中文刊名：DLKX 英文刊名：Scientia Geographica Sinica 机构：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院; 出版日期：2019-02-15 出版单位：地理科学 年：2019 期：v.39 基金：国家自然科学基金项目(41731286,41571139)资助~~ 语种：中文; 页：DLKX201902004 页数：10 CN：02 ISSN：22-1124/P 分类号：34-43

摘要

以旅游业三大核心部门(旅游饭店、旅游景区和旅行社)的固定资产和人力资源投资为研究变量,分析了2000～2015年中国旅游产业投资演化及旅游发展空间结构的响应。研究发现,中国旅游产业投资存在与旅游发展总体协调、省域空间分布不均、年际变化多样和部门差异明显的特征;省域旅游发展响应系数的变化,反映了中国旅游产业投资的"时间磨蚀效应"和"绩效累积效应";在"空间牵引效应"作用下,中国旅游产业投资促进了中国旅游发展空间结构特征由离散型"核式极化"向连续型"域状扩散"转变。最后,提炼了旅游发展对旅游投资空间响应的实质:以投资为驱动,依据循环积累因果机制,促进区域旅游产业可持续增长。
        The pattern of Chinese tourism industry is the result of comprehensive development of regional tourism, while tourism investment is a driving factor for regional tourism development. In order to investigate extent and mechanism of tourism investment and its impact on tourism development, the paper analyzed evolution of tourism investment during 2000-2015 in China, based on the fixed assets and human resources investment data in hotels, tourist attractions and travel agencies. Hotels, tourist attractions and travel agencies are known as the three core departments in tourism industry. Conclusions can be concluded as followings. 1) The evolution of tourism investment present characteristic of coordination with tourism development. Thus, the fixed assets investment showed increase tendency in slow speed and the human resource investment firstly increased and then decreased. At the same time, tourism investment in hotels was the largest, which was followed by tourist attractions, and tourism investment in travel agencies was the least. From the perspective of spatial difference, the Eastern China held advantage over the Central and Western China. Meanwhile, the spatial difference of tourism departments among provinces was obvious. Hotels present apparent mostly and travel agencies held small difference. 2) According to the impact index of tourism investment, it was higher for hotels than tourist attractions and travel agencies. The difference of impact index among provinces presented that there were two investment effects, namely the‘time abrasion effect'and‘the performance cumulative effect',about tourism investment in the three core departments of tourism industry. The time abrasion effect played an important role in the hotels', tourist attractions' fixed assets investment and the human resources investment in the whole tourism industry. While the performance cumulative effect only exerts an influence on the fixed assets investment in travel agencies. 3) Based on‘the spatial traction effect', the tourism investment led the pattern of tourism development transferring from discrete nuclear polarization to continuous regional diffusion.The paper, at last, analyzed mechanism of the tourism investment's spatial influence on tourism development and found that the investment was the drive of regional tourism development, and the circulatory accumulation mechanism promoted the sustainable increase of tourism industry.

引文

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    (1)论文对中国东中西部省份的划分参照参考文献[7]。
    (2)响应系数(Ri)是指特定时间t内旅游发展Dj与旅游产业投资Is两者之间变化率的比值,反映了时间t内旅游产业投资对旅游发展的影响程度。Ri=[(Djt-Dj0)/Dj0]/[(Isit-Isi0)/Isi0],j表示旅游业发展(旅游收入和旅游接待),s表示旅游业三大核心部门投资,i表示投资要素(固定资产和人力资源)。详见参考文献[25]。