新疆谢米斯台布拉特矿化次火山岩的年代学、地球化学特征及其地质、成矿意义
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摘要
布拉特矿化次火山岩出露于谢米斯台中部,岩性主要为英安斑岩和流纹斑岩。本文通过锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素等研究,探讨其形成的构造环境、成因及成矿意义。结果表明,英安斑岩形成年龄为434.9±2.3Ma,属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列准铝质-强过铝质岩石;岩石稀土总量中等(∑REE=97.9×10~(-6)～107×10~(-6)),富集轻稀土且轻重稀土分异明显((La/Yb)_N=7.93～9.95),具较弱铕负异常(δEu=0.78～0.90),相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素;岩石具有低的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值(0.7036～0.7043)和正的ε_(Nd)(t)值(+2.64～+5.01),t_(DM1)(Nd)=750～930Ma。流纹斑岩形成年龄为423.2±0.9Ma,属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列准铝质-强过铝质岩石;稀土总量中等(∑REE=65.3×10~(-6)～127×10~(-6)),富集轻稀土且轻重稀土分异明显((La/Yb)_N=6.82～8.24),具较强铕负异常(δEu=0.51～0.71),相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素;岩石具有低的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值(0.7022～0.7038)和正的ε_(Nd)(t)值(+2.86～+5.78),t_(DM1)(Nd)=680～940Ma;锆石ε_(Hf)(t)=+9.8～+14.9,t_(DM2)(Hf)=456～783Ma。综合研究表明,布拉特矿化英安斑岩和流纹斑岩是不同岩浆演化结晶的产物,二者都形成于活动大陆边缘弧环境,可能是新生下地壳部分熔融形成的花岗质岩浆与部分源自地幔楔的玄武质岩浆发生混合、向上运移、冷凝结晶的产物。较晚形成的流纹斑岩岩浆形成过程中新生下地壳部分熔融的比例有所降低,熔出的岩浆相对更偏酸性;谢米斯台地区以志留纪-早泥盆世火山岩、次火山岩和中酸性侵入体为代表的岩浆岩带为一个主体形成于早古生代的陆缘弧岩浆岩带,是形成和寻找斑岩型铜矿的有利地区。
The Blatter mineralized sub-volcanic rocks occur in the middle part of Xiemisitai area. They are mainly composed of dacite porphyry and rhyolite porphyry which with strong copper mineralization. We carried out combined studies of geology,geochronology,geochemistry and whole rock Sr-Nd and zircon Hf isotopes of the Blatter mineralized sub-volcanic rocks,to discussing their formation tectonic environment,genesis and metallogenic significance. The result shows that the dacite porphyry belongs to highK calc-alkaline and shoshonite series metaluminous-highly peraluminous rock and formed in Early Silurian( 434. 9 ± 2. 3 Ma). The samples have moderate concentrations of total REE( ∑ REE = 97. 9 × 10~(-6)～ 107 × 10~(-6)),relatively enriched in LREE with( La/Yb)N= 7. 93 ～ 9. 95 and weakly-significant Eu negative anomaly( δEu = 0. 78 ～ 0. 90),and relatively enriched in Rb,Th,U,K etc.,infertile in Nb,Ta,P,Ti etc.. Sr-Nd isotopic compositions indicate that the dacite porphyry is characterized by higher positive ε_(Nd)( t)( + 2. 64 ～ + 5. 01),lower(87 Sr/86 Sr)i( 0. 7036 ～ 0. 7043) and relatively younger one-stage model ages( tDM1) ranging from750 Ma to 930 Ma. The rhyolite porphyry belongs to high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonite series metaluminous-highly peraluminous rock and formed in Late Silurian( 423. 2 ± 0. 9 Ma). The samples have moderate concentrations of total REE( ∑REE = 65. 3 × 10~(-6)～ 127× 10~(-6)),relatively enriched in LREE with( La/Yb)N= 6. 82 ～ 8. 24 and clearly-significant Eu negative anomaly( δEu = 0. 51 ～0. 71),and relatively enriched in Rb,Th,U,K etc.,infertile in Nb,Ta,P,Ti etc.. The samples also have higher positive ε_(Nd)( t)( + 2. 86 ～ + 5. 78),lower(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i( 0. 7022 ～ 0. 7038) and relatively younger one-stage model ages( tDM1) ranging from 680 Ma to 940 Ma. The ε_(Hf)( t) values of zircon vary from + 9. 8 to + 14. 9,and Hf model ages( tDM2) are 456 ～ 783 Ma. In conclusion,the Blatter mineralized dacite porphyry and rhyolite porphyry are products of different magmatic evolution and crystallization. They are probably the products of the granitic magma formed by partial melting of the juvenile lower crust and mixed with the basaltic magma derived from the mantle wedge,upwelling,chilling,and crystallizing,in the environment of continental margin arc. In the course of formation of the magma of rhyolite porphyry formed later,the rate of partial melting of the juvenile lower crust is lower,and the magma is more acidic. The magmatic rock belt in Xiemisitai area,which is represented by Silurian to Early Devonian volcanic rock,subvolcanic rocks and the intermediate-acidic intrusive mass,is a continental margin arc magmatic belt formed mainly in the Early Palaeozoic,and is a favourable area for formation and looking for porphyry copper deposit.
The Blatter mineralized sub-volcanic rocks occur in the middle part of Xiemisitai area. They are mainly composed of dacite porphyry and rhyolite porphyry which with strong copper mineralization. We carried out combined studies of geology,geochronology,geochemistry and whole rock Sr-Nd and zircon Hf isotopes of the Blatter mineralized sub-volcanic rocks,to discussing their formation tectonic environment,genesis and metallogenic significance. The result shows that the dacite porphyry belongs to highK calc-alkaline and shoshonite series metaluminous-highly peraluminous rock and formed in Early Silurian( 434. 9 ± 2. 3 Ma). The samples have moderate concentrations of total REE( ∑ REE = 97. 9 × 10~(-6)～ 107 × 10~(-6)),relatively enriched in LREE with( La/Yb)N= 7. 93 ～ 9. 95 and weakly-significant Eu negative anomaly( δEu = 0. 78 ～ 0. 90),and relatively enriched in Rb,Th,U,K etc.,infertile in Nb,Ta,P,Ti etc.. Sr-Nd isotopic compositions indicate that the dacite porphyry is characterized by higher positive ε_(Nd)( t)( + 2. 64 ～ + 5. 01),lower(87 Sr/86 Sr)i( 0. 7036 ～ 0. 7043) and relatively younger one-stage model ages( tDM1) ranging from750 Ma to 930 Ma. The rhyolite porphyry belongs to high-K calc-alkaline and shoshonite series metaluminous-highly peraluminous rock and formed in Late Silurian( 423. 2 ± 0. 9 Ma). The samples have moderate concentrations of total REE( ∑REE = 65. 3 × 10~(-6)～ 127× 10~(-6)),relatively enriched in LREE with( La/Yb)N= 6. 82 ～ 8. 24 and clearly-significant Eu negative anomaly( δEu = 0. 51 ～0. 71),and relatively enriched in Rb,Th,U,K etc.,infertile in Nb,Ta,P,Ti etc.. The samples also have higher positive ε_(Nd)( t)( + 2. 86 ～ + 5. 78),lower(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i( 0. 7022 ～ 0. 7038) and relatively younger one-stage model ages( tDM1) ranging from 680 Ma to 940 Ma. The ε_(Hf)( t) values of zircon vary from + 9. 8 to + 14. 9,and Hf model ages( tDM2) are 456 ～ 783 Ma. In conclusion,the Blatter mineralized dacite porphyry and rhyolite porphyry are products of different magmatic evolution and crystallization. They are probably the products of the granitic magma formed by partial melting of the juvenile lower crust and mixed with the basaltic magma derived from the mantle wedge,upwelling,chilling,and crystallizing,in the environment of continental margin arc. In the course of formation of the magma of rhyolite porphyry formed later,the rate of partial melting of the juvenile lower crust is lower,and the magma is more acidic. The magmatic rock belt in Xiemisitai area,which is represented by Silurian to Early Devonian volcanic rock,subvolcanic rocks and the intermediate-acidic intrusive mass,is a continental margin arc magmatic belt formed mainly in the Early Palaeozoic,and is a favourable area for formation and looking for porphyry copper deposit.
引文
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