考虑开关管开路故障的三电平STATCOM建模与硬件在回路实时仿真
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摘要
针对三电平静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)开关管开路故障情况下硬件在回路仿真模型的搭建问题,提出一种实时仿真的故障建模方法。分析开关管开路故障情况下STATCOM的工作机理,根据系统的运行状态将故障模型分解为若干故障子模型,采用系统状态估计变量确定子模型间的切换条件;提出一种直流侧中点电位补偿算法,补偿实时仿真中数值积分的累积误差,提高模型的稳定性。基于dSPACE平台搭建故障情况下STATCOM的实时仿真模型,采用前向欧拉法将故障模型实时运行在FPGA板卡上,使仿真步长缩短至1μs。仿真结果验证了所提故障建模方法的有效性及所建立实时仿真模型的准确性。
A modeling method for real-time simulation is proposed, which is aiming at the modeling for hardware-in-the-loop(HIL) simulation of a three-level static synchronous compensator(STATCOM). The operation of STATCOM under open-circuit fault condition was analyzed. According to the operating status of the system, the fault model was decomposed into a number of fault sub-models, and the system state variables were used to determine the switching conditions of the sub-models. Then, a DC-side neutral-point potential compensation algorithm was proposed to compensate for the cumulative error of numerical integration in real-time simulation and improve the stability of the model. Finally, the real-time simulation of STATCOM under fault condition was built based on a dSPACE platform. The forward Euler method was used to make the fault model running in real-time on the FPGA board, and the simulation step was reduced to 1 μs. The simulation results show the validity of the proposed fault modeling method and the accuracy of the real-time simulation model.
A modeling method for real-time simulation is proposed, which is aiming at the modeling for hardware-in-the-loop(HIL) simulation of a three-level static synchronous compensator(STATCOM). The operation of STATCOM under open-circuit fault condition was analyzed. According to the operating status of the system, the fault model was decomposed into a number of fault sub-models, and the system state variables were used to determine the switching conditions of the sub-models. Then, a DC-side neutral-point potential compensation algorithm was proposed to compensate for the cumulative error of numerical integration in real-time simulation and improve the stability of the model. Finally, the real-time simulation of STATCOM under fault condition was built based on a dSPACE platform. The forward Euler method was used to make the fault model running in real-time on the FPGA board, and the simulation step was reduced to 1 μs. The simulation results show the validity of the proposed fault modeling method and the accuracy of the real-time simulation model.
引文
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[16]Matar M,Iravani R.FPGA implementation of the power electronic converter model for real-time simulation of electromagnetic transients[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(2):852-860.
[17]姬凯,徐明,高跃,等.VIENNA整流器硬件在回路仿真研究[J].电气技术,2010(3):47-51.Ji Kai,Xu Ming,Gao Yue,et al.Research on VIENNArectifier of semi-hardware-in-loop simulation[J].Electrical Engineering,2010(3):47-51.
[18]óscar L,Urriza I,Barragan L A,et al.Real-time FPGA-based hardware-in-the-loop simulation test bench applied to multiple-output power converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2011,47(2):853-860.
[19]Grégoire L A,Blanchette H F,Bélanger J,et al.Realtime simulation-based multisolver decoupling technique for complex power-electronics circuits[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(5):2313-2321.
[2]唐轶,王扬,赵红璐,等.STATCOM主回路开关器件故障诊断[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(19):55-62.Tang Yi,Wang Yang,Zhao Honglu,et al.Fault diagnosis of main circuit switching device in STATCOM[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(19):55-62.
[3]宋强,刘钟淇,张洪涛,等.大功率电力电子装置实时仿真的研究进展[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(12):3329-3333.Song Qiang,Liu Zhongqi,Zhang Hongtao,et al.Advance of real time digital simulation for highpower electronics[J].Journal of System Simulation,2006,18(12):3329-3333.
[4]郭希铮,游小杰,徐从谦,等.大功率电力牵引控制系统硬件在回路实时仿真[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(4):65-70.Guo Xizheng,You Xiaojie,Xu Congqian,et al.Simulation of hardware in loop for high-power electrical traction system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(4):65-70.
[5]Yang Shaoyong,Xiang Dawei,Bryant A,et al.Condition monitoring for device reliability in power electronic converters:a review[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,25(11):2734-2752.
[6]于生宝,何建龙,王睿家,等.基于小波包分析和概率神经网络的电磁法三电平变换器故障诊断方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):102-112.Yu Shengbao,He Jianlong,Wang Ruijia,et al.Fault diagnosis of electromagnetic three-level inverter based on wavelet packet analysis and probabilistic neural networks[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):102-112.
[7]汪玉凤,孟庆达,刘涛,等.有源滤波器故障诊断与容错控制改进策略的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(13):145-150.Wang Yufeng,Meng Qingda,Liu Tao,et al.Research of improved strategy for active power filter fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(13):145-150.
[8]成庶,李蔚,陈特放,等.整流器主电路开路故障诊断及容错控制研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(13):26-35.Cheng Shu,Li Wei,Chen Tefang,et al.Research on open-circuit fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control scheme for rectifier main circuit[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(13):26-35.
[9]陈勇,刘志龙,陈章勇.基于电流矢量特征分析的逆变器开路故障快速诊断与定位方法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(4):883-891.Chen Yong,Liu Zhilong,Chen Zhangyong.Fast diagnosis and location method for open-circuit fault in inverter based on current vector character analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(4):883-891.
[10]Alvarez-Gonzalez F,Griffo A,Sen B,et al.Real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation of permanent magnet synchronous motor drives under stator faults[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(9):6960-6969.
[11]郝琦,葛兴来,宋文胜,等.电力牵引传动系统微秒级硬件在环实时仿真[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(8):189-198.Hao Qi,Ge Xinglai,Song Wensheng,et al.Microsecond hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation of electrical traction drive system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(8):189-198.
[12]Faruque M O O,Dinavahi V.Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of power electronic systems using adaptive discretization[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(4):1146-1158.
[13]Herrera L,Li Cong,Yao Xiu,et al.FPGA based detailed real-time simulation of power converters and electric machines for EV HIL applications[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,2015,51(2):1702-1712.
[14]Parma G G,Dinavahi V.Real-time digital hardware simulation of power electronics and drives[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2007,22(2):1235-1246.
[15]葛兴来,冯晓云,韩坤,等.三电平牵引变流器无拍频控制的硬件在回路实时仿真[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):204-210.Ge Xinglai,Feng Xiaoyun,Han Kun,et al.Hardware-inthe-loop application of beat-less control scheme for three-level traction inverter system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):204-210.
[16]Matar M,Iravani R.FPGA implementation of the power electronic converter model for real-time simulation of electromagnetic transients[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(2):852-860.
[17]姬凯,徐明,高跃,等.VIENNA整流器硬件在回路仿真研究[J].电气技术,2010(3):47-51.Ji Kai,Xu Ming,Gao Yue,et al.Research on VIENNArectifier of semi-hardware-in-loop simulation[J].Electrical Engineering,2010(3):47-51.
[18]óscar L,Urriza I,Barragan L A,et al.Real-time FPGA-based hardware-in-the-loop simulation test bench applied to multiple-output power converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2011,47(2):853-860.
[19]Grégoire L A,Blanchette H F,Bélanger J,et al.Realtime simulation-based multisolver decoupling technique for complex power-electronics circuits[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(5):2313-2321.
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