油页岩成矿作用研究中的关键方法和技术
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摘要
油页岩作为一种重要的非常规油气资源,如何有效地利用油页岩成矿作用研究中的关键方法和技术实现油页岩的综合识别与评价极其重要。油页岩识别的关键技术主要包括基于岩石学的地质识别、精确的地球化学指标识别、测井技术的垂向高分辨率快速识别和地震技术的三维空间定量刻画。先进的测试技术、创新的理论方法以及高品质地球物理资料的二次开发利用将不断提升油页岩从定性到定量预测识别的精度。油页岩成矿作用研究的关键方法是从古构造条件、古气候条件、古地理条件以及古湖泊环境等地质因素入手,探讨其综合作用下有机质来源、保存条件及成岩作用的变化,由定性向半定量—定量地精细刻画油页岩中有机质聚集过程,从而有效地预测油页岩的展布及其富集规律。由于文中材料以中国陆相含油页岩盆地的研究成果为主,而陆相成因油页岩的识别特征及成因机制可能与海相等成因存在差异,因此,仍需油页岩地质学家不断深入研究与总结。希望此文对页岩油、页岩气及烃源岩研究也具有一定的借鉴意义。
Oil shale is an important unconventional oil & gas resource. It is critical to comprehensively identify and evaluate oil shale recourse by utilizing key methods and technologies in the study of oil shale mineralization. The key technologies of oil shale identification include geology identification based onpetrology,geochemistry identification,high-resolution logging,seismic technique for three-dimensional space description,advanced test technique,innovated theory & method and secondary exploitation of high-quality geophysics information,all of which will continuously improve the accuracy of oil shale identification and forecast from qualitative to the quantitative. The key methods in the study of oil shale mineralization are firstly to find out the geological factors,including palaeostructure,palaeogeographic and palaeoclimate conditions,and palaeolake environments,to discuss a combined effects on various organic matter sources,preservation conditions and diagenesis. Then,finely depict the process of organic matter enrichment of oil shale from qualitative to the quantitative,thus effectively forecast the patterns of oil shale formation and distribution. This paper was mainly based on the research results of continental oil shale-bearing basins in China. Due to the diversity of oil shale genetic type,there might exist differences of identifying characteristics between continental origin and marine origin oil shale,which still needs to be further studied and summarized. It is hoped that this paper could also be useful for researches an shale oil,shale gas and hydrocarbon source rocks.
Oil shale is an important unconventional oil & gas resource. It is critical to comprehensively identify and evaluate oil shale recourse by utilizing key methods and technologies in the study of oil shale mineralization. The key technologies of oil shale identification include geology identification based onpetrology,geochemistry identification,high-resolution logging,seismic technique for three-dimensional space description,advanced test technique,innovated theory & method and secondary exploitation of high-quality geophysics information,all of which will continuously improve the accuracy of oil shale identification and forecast from qualitative to the quantitative. The key methods in the study of oil shale mineralization are firstly to find out the geological factors,including palaeostructure,palaeogeographic and palaeoclimate conditions,and palaeolake environments,to discuss a combined effects on various organic matter sources,preservation conditions and diagenesis. Then,finely depict the process of organic matter enrichment of oil shale from qualitative to the quantitative,thus effectively forecast the patterns of oil shale formation and distribution. This paper was mainly based on the research results of continental oil shale-bearing basins in China. Due to the diversity of oil shale genetic type,there might exist differences of identifying characteristics between continental origin and marine origin oil shale,which still needs to be further studied and summarized. It is hoped that this paper could also be useful for researches an shale oil,shale gas and hydrocarbon source rocks.
引文
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