可逆风机用翼型气动特性分析与实验研究
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摘要
可逆翼型气动性能的优劣对可逆风机性能好坏起着至关重要的作用。选取了形式不同的三种翼型,即对称翼型、S型翼型和常规非对称翼型,利用X-foil软件对上述三种翼型的气动性能进行数值计算。结果显示,在较大的攻角范围内,常规非对称翼型的升力特性和升阻比特性都明显优于另外两种翼型。为了比较三种翼型在可逆风机中的应用效果,通过调整设计参数使采用三种翼型设计的叶片具有相同的弦长和扭曲变化规律,然后在标准风管式出气试验台上进行了空气动力性能实验。研究表明:在选取的三种翼型中,采用对称翼型设计的可逆风机叶轮最为理想,其额定工况点的实验性能满足设计要求,且具有良好的反风性能,同时正、反风工况下都有较宽的高效工作范围。
The aerodynamic performance of reversible airfoils plays an important role in the performance of the reversible air fan. Three airfoils,namely symmetrical airfoil,S type airfoil and conventional asymmetric airfoil,are selected and the aerodynamic performance of the three airfoils is solved by using X-foil software. The results show that within a large range of angle of attacks lift characteristics and lift to drag ratio characteristics of the conventional asymmetric airfoil are better than those of the other two airfoils. In order to compare the effect of the three airfoils in practical application,by adjusting the design parameters,the chord and twist for the blades designed with the three airfoils has the same change pattern. Then the aerodynamic performance tests were carried out on a standard air duct type test rig. The results show that in the selected three kinds of airfoil,the reversible fan impeller designed by the symmetrical airfoil is the most ideal one,the rated point performance of which meets the design requirements,and has good anti-wind performance. At the same time,the wind conditions have a wide range of high efficiency no matter in positive case or negative case.
The aerodynamic performance of reversible airfoils plays an important role in the performance of the reversible air fan. Three airfoils,namely symmetrical airfoil,S type airfoil and conventional asymmetric airfoil,are selected and the aerodynamic performance of the three airfoils is solved by using X-foil software. The results show that within a large range of angle of attacks lift characteristics and lift to drag ratio characteristics of the conventional asymmetric airfoil are better than those of the other two airfoils. In order to compare the effect of the three airfoils in practical application,by adjusting the design parameters,the chord and twist for the blades designed with the three airfoils has the same change pattern. Then the aerodynamic performance tests were carried out on a standard air duct type test rig. The results show that in the selected three kinds of airfoil,the reversible fan impeller designed by the symmetrical airfoil is the most ideal one,the rated point performance of which meets the design requirements,and has good anti-wind performance. At the same time,the wind conditions have a wide range of high efficiency no matter in positive case or negative case.
引文
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[11]陈海生,谭春青,梁锡智,等.可逆式轴流通风机的优化设计和实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1):116-120Chen H S,Tan C Q,Liang X Z,et al. Experimental study and optimization design of reversible axial fan[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(1):116-120(in Chinese)
[12] Ouyang H,Yang B,Zhong F Y,et al. Plain cascade research on a reversible combined blade[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,16(1):40-41,53
[13]杨波,欧阳华,钟芳源,等.组合叶栅的定义及其应用研究[J].航空动力学报,2002,17(3):309-313Yang B,Ouyang H,Zhong F Y,et al. Research on the combined cascade[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2002,17(3):309-313(in Chinese)
[14]钟芳源,杨波,欧阳华.可逆式轴流风机叶片设计新方案的探讨[J].流体机械,2000,28(12):13-17Zhong F Y,Yang B,Ouyang H. Exploration of the new projects of blade design for the reversible axial flow jetfan[J]. Fluid Machinery,2000,28(12):13-17(in Chinese)
[15]刘力源,李志平.完全可逆轴流风机的设计与优化[J].风机技术,2013(5):47-53,57Liu L Y, Li Z P. Design and optimization of fully reversible axial-flow fan[J]. Compressor Blower&Fan Technology,2013(5):47-53,57(in Chinese)
[16] Drela M. Xfoil:an analysis and design system for low Reynolds number airfoils[M]//Mueller T J. Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics. Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,1989
[17] Bangga G,Hutomo G,Wiranegara R,et al. Numerical study on a single bladed vertical axis wind turbine under dynamic stall[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2017,31(1):261-267
[18]何玉林,李海锋,金鑫,等.风力机叶片翼型气动特性模型[J].机械科学与技术,2010,29(12):1589-1594He Y L, Li H F, Jin X, et al. Aerodynamic characteristics model of airfoils for wind turbine blades[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2010,29(12):1589-1594(in Chinese)
[19] Ramanujam G,zdemir H,Hoeijmakers H W M. Improving airfoil drag prediction[J]. Journal of Aircraft,2016,53(6):1844-1852
[20] Gopalarathnam A,Selig M S. Low-speed natural-laminarflow airfoils:case study in inverse airfoil design[J].Journal of Aircraft,2001,38(1):57-63
[21]邓磊,乔志德,杨旭东,等.高升阻比自然层流翼型多点/多目标优化设计[J].空气动力学学报,2011,29(3):330-335Deng L,Qiao Z D,Yang X D,et al. Multi-point/objective optimization design of high lift-to-drag ratio for NLF airfoils[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2011,29(3):330-335(in Chinese)
[2]王军,赵天鹏,宋文艳.一种对旋式轴流风机的效率估算方法[J].机械科学与技术,2000,19(5):738-739Wang J,Zhao T P,Song W Y. A method for estimating the efficiency of counter-rotating axial flow fan[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2000,19(5):738-739(in Chinese)
[3]韩非非,席德科.多翼离心风机数值计算及改进设计研究[J].机械科学与技术,2010,29(8):992-996Han F F, Xi D K. Numerical calculation and improvement design of a multi-blade centrifugal fan[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2010,29(8):992-996(in Chinese)
[4]席德科,张仲寅,陆森林,等.可逆风机叶片的翼型研究[J].机械科学与技术,1999,18(4):628-630Xi D K,Zhang Z Y,Lu S L,et al. Airfoil study for reversible air-fan use[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology,1999,18(4):628-630(in Chinese)
[5]李景银,闻苏平,徐忠.新型双头翼型的性能实验研究[J].风机技术,2003(1):3-6Li J Y,Wen S P,Xu Z. The experimental study on the performances of a new kind of double-head airfoils[J].Compressor Blower&Fan Technology,2003(1):3-6(in Chinese)
[6]黄典贵.S型叶片可逆式轴流风机的全三维优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(12):182-185Huang D G. 3D optimum design of reversible axial flow fan with S-type blade[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(12):182-185(in Chinese)
[7]黄典贵,张媛媛.高效可逆风机的全三维正交优化设计[J].风机技术,2011(4):20-23Huang D G,Zhang Y Y. Orthogonal optimal design of high efficiency and reversible fans[J]. Compressor Blower&Fan Technology, 2011(4):20-23(in Chinese)
[8]谢蓉,高博,赵锐.非对称可逆轴流风机S型翼型的设计与性能研究[J].风机技术,2012(2):12-17Xie R,Gao B,Zhao R. Design and performance study of asymmetric s-shaped airfoil for reversible axial fan[J].Compressor Blower&Fan Technology,2012(2):12-17(in Chinese)
[9]李景银,陈魏巍,吕峰.带有前后导叶的新型可逆轴流风机数值研究[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(2):139-144Li J Y,Chen W W,Lv F. Numerical investigation on a new type of fully reversible axial fan with two blade rows on both sides of the rotor[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(2):139-144(in Chinese)
[10]谭春青,陈海生,梁锡智.完全可逆地铁风机的三维优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(9):169-173Tan C Q,Chen H S,Liang X Z. Three-dimensional optimization design of hundred-percent reversible subway fan[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2006,42(9):169-173(in Chinese)
[11]陈海生,谭春青,梁锡智,等.可逆式轴流通风机的优化设计和实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1):116-120Chen H S,Tan C Q,Liang X Z,et al. Experimental study and optimization design of reversible axial fan[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(1):116-120(in Chinese)
[12] Ouyang H,Yang B,Zhong F Y,et al. Plain cascade research on a reversible combined blade[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,16(1):40-41,53
[13]杨波,欧阳华,钟芳源,等.组合叶栅的定义及其应用研究[J].航空动力学报,2002,17(3):309-313Yang B,Ouyang H,Zhong F Y,et al. Research on the combined cascade[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2002,17(3):309-313(in Chinese)
[14]钟芳源,杨波,欧阳华.可逆式轴流风机叶片设计新方案的探讨[J].流体机械,2000,28(12):13-17Zhong F Y,Yang B,Ouyang H. Exploration of the new projects of blade design for the reversible axial flow jetfan[J]. Fluid Machinery,2000,28(12):13-17(in Chinese)
[15]刘力源,李志平.完全可逆轴流风机的设计与优化[J].风机技术,2013(5):47-53,57Liu L Y, Li Z P. Design and optimization of fully reversible axial-flow fan[J]. Compressor Blower&Fan Technology,2013(5):47-53,57(in Chinese)
[16] Drela M. Xfoil:an analysis and design system for low Reynolds number airfoils[M]//Mueller T J. Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics. Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,1989
[17] Bangga G,Hutomo G,Wiranegara R,et al. Numerical study on a single bladed vertical axis wind turbine under dynamic stall[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2017,31(1):261-267
[18]何玉林,李海锋,金鑫,等.风力机叶片翼型气动特性模型[J].机械科学与技术,2010,29(12):1589-1594He Y L, Li H F, Jin X, et al. Aerodynamic characteristics model of airfoils for wind turbine blades[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2010,29(12):1589-1594(in Chinese)
[19] Ramanujam G,zdemir H,Hoeijmakers H W M. Improving airfoil drag prediction[J]. Journal of Aircraft,2016,53(6):1844-1852
[20] Gopalarathnam A,Selig M S. Low-speed natural-laminarflow airfoils:case study in inverse airfoil design[J].Journal of Aircraft,2001,38(1):57-63
[21]邓磊,乔志德,杨旭东,等.高升阻比自然层流翼型多点/多目标优化设计[J].空气动力学学报,2011,29(3):330-335Deng L,Qiao Z D,Yang X D,et al. Multi-point/objective optimization design of high lift-to-drag ratio for NLF airfoils[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2011,29(3):330-335(in Chinese)
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