珠江口海域营养盐和叶绿素a的时空分布特征
|
摘要
【目的】研究珠江口海域营养物和叶绿素a的时空分布特征。【方法】根据2015年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和10月(秋季)3个季节的现场调查资料,通过对3个季节浮游植物Chl-a以及包括氮磷比在内的营养结构进行综合分析,深入探讨珠江口海域浮游植物Chl-a的时空变化调控机制。【结果】珠江口海域各季节营养盐呈高氮低磷分布,3个季节N︰P均值49.6。叶绿素a季节差异明显,夏季叶绿素a含量是春季的2倍、秋季的9倍。【结论】春季浮游植物生长受温度影响较大,夏、秋两季由于外海水的入侵导致磷限制比较显著;DIN能满足各季节浮游植物生长的需要,珠江口海域浮游植物生长对于磷营养盐的响应要优于氮营养盐。
【Objectives】The spatial-seasonal patterns of nutrient and chlorophyll a(Chl-a) as well as nutrient components were investigated systematically in the Pearl River Estuary(PRE).【Method】Here due to high expenses of observational cruises,we choose only months of May,August and October,2015 as the typical representatives of spring,summer and winter,respectively to carry out in-situ observations.Based on the field survey data from the 3 seasons in 2015,through comprehensive analyses of the nutrient structure including the N:P ratio and phytoplankton Chl-a in the above 3 seasons,the possible mechanism regulating seasonal variation of phytoplankton Chl-a conentrations is investigated in PRE sea area.【Result】The nutrients in the PRE in each period presented one pattern with high nitrogen and low phosphorus,and the mean N:P ratio in the three periods was 49.6.There was an obvious seasonal difference of Chl-a in PRE.The content in summer being twice as much as in spring and 9 times in autumn.【Conclusion】The growth of phytoplankton was greatly affected by temperature in spring,and the limit of phosphorus was obvious due to seawater intrusion in summer and autumn;DIN can met the needs of phytoplankton growth in all seasons,while the response of phytoplankton growth to phosphorus nutrients was superior to nitrogen.
【Objectives】The spatial-seasonal patterns of nutrient and chlorophyll a(Chl-a) as well as nutrient components were investigated systematically in the Pearl River Estuary(PRE).【Method】Here due to high expenses of observational cruises,we choose only months of May,August and October,2015 as the typical representatives of spring,summer and winter,respectively to carry out in-situ observations.Based on the field survey data from the 3 seasons in 2015,through comprehensive analyses of the nutrient structure including the N:P ratio and phytoplankton Chl-a in the above 3 seasons,the possible mechanism regulating seasonal variation of phytoplankton Chl-a conentrations is investigated in PRE sea area.【Result】The nutrients in the PRE in each period presented one pattern with high nitrogen and low phosphorus,and the mean N:P ratio in the three periods was 49.6.There was an obvious seasonal difference of Chl-a in PRE.The content in summer being twice as much as in spring and 9 times in autumn.【Conclusion】The growth of phytoplankton was greatly affected by temperature in spring,and the limit of phosphorus was obvious due to seawater intrusion in summer and autumn;DIN can met the needs of phytoplankton growth in all seasons,while the response of phytoplankton growth to phosphorus nutrients was superior to nitrogen.
引文
[1]李肖娜.河流输送和沉积物-水界面交换对东、黄海营养盐的贡献[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2004.
[2]BRICKER S B,FERREIRA J G,SIMAST T.An integrated methodology for assessment of estuarine trophic status[J].Ecological Modelling,2003,169(1):239-260.
[3]YIN K D,QIAN P Y,MADELINE C S,et al.Shift from Pto N limitation of phytoplankton growth across the Pearl River estuarine plume during summer[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,2001,221:17-28.
[4]刘华健,黄良民,谭烨辉,等.珠江口浮游植物叶绿素a和初级生产力的季节变化及其影响因素[J].热带海洋学报,2017,36(1):81-91.
[5]黄云峰.广州海域营养盐限制的富营养化特征研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2008.
[6]赵焕庭.珠江河口的水文和泥沙特征[J].热带地理,1989(3):201-212.
[7]Knox G A.Estuarine ecosystems:Volume I[J].Ambio,2000,29:184-193.
[8]黄小平,黄良民.河口营养盐动力学过程研究的若干进展[J].黄渤海海洋,2001(4):86-92.
[9]周凤霞,陈法锦,李志阳,等.2014年春季珠江口营养盐的环境特征[J].广东海洋大学学报,2018,38(3):42-48.
[10]马媛,魏巍,夏华永,等.珠江口伶仃洋海域营养盐的历史变化及影响因素研究[J].海洋学报(中文版),2009,31(2):69-77.
[11]黄小平,黄良民.珠江口海域无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量的时空变化特征[J].台湾海峡,2002(4):416-421.
[12]蔡阳扬,岑竞仪,欧林坚,等.夏秋季珠江口水域COD、DO、营养盐分布特征及其富营养化评价[J].暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版),2014,35(3):221-227.
[13]张景平,黄小平,江志坚,等.2006-2007年珠江口富营养化水平的季节性变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].海洋学报(中文版),2009,31(3):113-120.
[14]董燕红,蔡建东,钱宏林.珠江口海域营养盐比及与浮游植物的关系[J].海洋通报,2009,28(1):3-10.
[15]张伟,孙健,聂红涛,等.珠江口及毗邻海域营养盐对浮游植物生长的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(12):4034-4044.
[16]国家海洋环境监测中心.海洋监测规范[S].GB17378.2-2007,北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[17]国家海洋环境监测中心.海洋监测规范[S].GB17378.4-2007,北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[18]刘景钦.珠江口八大口门营养盐的分布及入海通量的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[19]XU J,HO A Y T,YIN K D,et al.Temporal and spatial variations in nutrient stoichiometry and regulation of phytoplankton biomass in Hong Kong waters:Influence of the Pearl River outflow and sewage inputs[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2008,57:335-348.
[20]SUN J,LIN B L,LI K M,et al.A modelling study of residence time and exposure time in the Pearl River Estuary,China[J].Journal of Hydro-Environment Research,2014,8(3):281-291.
[21]中华人民共和国环境保护部.GB 3097-1997海水水质标准海水水质标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2004.
[22]REDFIELD A C,KETCHUM B H,RICHARDS FA.The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater[M]//The Sea.New York:Interscience Publishers,1963:26-77.
[23]BRZEZINSKI M A.The Si:C:N ratio of marine diatoms:interspecific variability and the effect of some environmental variables[J].Journal of Phycology,1985,21(3):347-357.
[24]Justic D,Rabalais N N,Turner R E.Stoichiometric nutrient balance and origin of coastal eutrophication[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,1995,30(1):41-46.
[25]Dortch Q,Packard T T.Differences in biomass structure between oligotrophic and eutrophic marine ecosystems[J].Deep Sea Research Part A Oceanographic Research Papers,1989,36(2):223-240.
[26]Hodgkiss I J,Ho KC.Are changes in N:P ratios in coastal waters the key to increased red tide blooms?[J].Hydrobiologia,1997,353:141-147.
[27]曲克明,陈碧鹃,袁有宪,等.氮磷营养盐影响海水浮游硅藻种群组成的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(3):445-448.
[28]YIN K D,HARRISON P J.Nitrogen over enrichment in subtropical Pearl River estuarine coastal waters:Possible causes and consequences[J].Continental Shelf Research,2008,28(12):1435-1442.
[29]HO A Y T,XU J,YIN K D,et al.Seasonal and spatial dynamics of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass in Victoria Harbour and its vicinity before and after sewage abatement[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2008,57:313-324.
[30]XU J,YIN K D,HE L,et al.Phosphorus limitation in the northern South China Sea during late summer:Influence of the Pearl River[J].Deep-Sea Research I:Oceanographic Research Papers,2008,55(10):1330-1342.
[31]张达娟,闫启仑,王真良.典型河口浮游动物种类数及生物量变化趋势的研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(5):536-540.
[32]YIN K D,ZHANG J L,QIAN P Y,et al.Effect of wind events on phytoplankton blooms in the Pearl River Estuary during summer[J].Continental Shelf Research,,2004,24(16):1909-1923.
[33]李丽,江涛,吕颂辉.大亚湾海域夏、秋季分粒级叶绿素a分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2013,32(2):185-189.
[34]刘玉,李适宇,吴仁海,等.珠江口近岸水域浮游藻类及其与关键水质因子分析[J].生态科学,2001,20(4):21-25.
[35]黄云峰,江涛,冯佳和,等.珠江口广州海域叶绿素a分布特征及环境调控因素[J].海洋环境科学,2012,31(3):379-384;404.
[36]陈法锦,陈淳青,周凤霞,等.秋季珠江口外海海域的生态环境特征[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(6):844-852.
[37]张瑜斌,章洁香,张才学.赤潮多发区深圳湾叶绿素a的时空分布及其影响因素[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(5):1638-1643.
[38]丘耀文,王肇鼎,朱良生.大亚湾海域营养盐与叶绿素含量的变化趋势及其对生态环境的影响[J].台湾海峡,2005,24(2):131-139.
[39]李超伦,张芳,申欣,等.胶州湾叶绿素的浓度、分布特征及其周年变化[J].海洋与湖沼,2005,36(6):499-506.
[40]CHAI C,YU Z M,SONG X X,et al.The status and characteristics of eutrophication in the Yangtze River(Changjiang)Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea,China[J].Hydrobio-logia,2006,563:313-328.
[41]刘述锡,刘红,孙育红,等.2004年春夏季河北海域叶绿素a分布和初级生产力估算[J].海洋环境科学,2007,26(1):67-70.
[42]刘述锡,孙钦帮,陈素梅,等.北黄海近岸海域叶绿素a浓度季节分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2011,30(4):528-532.
[43]傅明珠,王宗灵,孙萍,等.2006年夏季南黄海浮游植物叶绿素a分布特征及其环境调控机制[J].生态学报,2009,29(10):5366-5375.
[44]肖莹.2008年闽江口海域叶绿素a时空分布及其与环境因子的相关性分析[J].福建水产,2014,36(4):271-277.
[2]BRICKER S B,FERREIRA J G,SIMAST T.An integrated methodology for assessment of estuarine trophic status[J].Ecological Modelling,2003,169(1):239-260.
[3]YIN K D,QIAN P Y,MADELINE C S,et al.Shift from Pto N limitation of phytoplankton growth across the Pearl River estuarine plume during summer[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,2001,221:17-28.
[4]刘华健,黄良民,谭烨辉,等.珠江口浮游植物叶绿素a和初级生产力的季节变化及其影响因素[J].热带海洋学报,2017,36(1):81-91.
[5]黄云峰.广州海域营养盐限制的富营养化特征研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2008.
[6]赵焕庭.珠江河口的水文和泥沙特征[J].热带地理,1989(3):201-212.
[7]Knox G A.Estuarine ecosystems:Volume I[J].Ambio,2000,29:184-193.
[8]黄小平,黄良民.河口营养盐动力学过程研究的若干进展[J].黄渤海海洋,2001(4):86-92.
[9]周凤霞,陈法锦,李志阳,等.2014年春季珠江口营养盐的环境特征[J].广东海洋大学学报,2018,38(3):42-48.
[10]马媛,魏巍,夏华永,等.珠江口伶仃洋海域营养盐的历史变化及影响因素研究[J].海洋学报(中文版),2009,31(2):69-77.
[11]黄小平,黄良民.珠江口海域无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量的时空变化特征[J].台湾海峡,2002(4):416-421.
[12]蔡阳扬,岑竞仪,欧林坚,等.夏秋季珠江口水域COD、DO、营养盐分布特征及其富营养化评价[J].暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版),2014,35(3):221-227.
[13]张景平,黄小平,江志坚,等.2006-2007年珠江口富营养化水平的季节性变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].海洋学报(中文版),2009,31(3):113-120.
[14]董燕红,蔡建东,钱宏林.珠江口海域营养盐比及与浮游植物的关系[J].海洋通报,2009,28(1):3-10.
[15]张伟,孙健,聂红涛,等.珠江口及毗邻海域营养盐对浮游植物生长的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(12):4034-4044.
[16]国家海洋环境监测中心.海洋监测规范[S].GB17378.2-2007,北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[17]国家海洋环境监测中心.海洋监测规范[S].GB17378.4-2007,北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[18]刘景钦.珠江口八大口门营养盐的分布及入海通量的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[19]XU J,HO A Y T,YIN K D,et al.Temporal and spatial variations in nutrient stoichiometry and regulation of phytoplankton biomass in Hong Kong waters:Influence of the Pearl River outflow and sewage inputs[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2008,57:335-348.
[20]SUN J,LIN B L,LI K M,et al.A modelling study of residence time and exposure time in the Pearl River Estuary,China[J].Journal of Hydro-Environment Research,2014,8(3):281-291.
[21]中华人民共和国环境保护部.GB 3097-1997海水水质标准海水水质标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2004.
[22]REDFIELD A C,KETCHUM B H,RICHARDS FA.The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater[M]//The Sea.New York:Interscience Publishers,1963:26-77.
[23]BRZEZINSKI M A.The Si:C:N ratio of marine diatoms:interspecific variability and the effect of some environmental variables[J].Journal of Phycology,1985,21(3):347-357.
[24]Justic D,Rabalais N N,Turner R E.Stoichiometric nutrient balance and origin of coastal eutrophication[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,1995,30(1):41-46.
[25]Dortch Q,Packard T T.Differences in biomass structure between oligotrophic and eutrophic marine ecosystems[J].Deep Sea Research Part A Oceanographic Research Papers,1989,36(2):223-240.
[26]Hodgkiss I J,Ho KC.Are changes in N:P ratios in coastal waters the key to increased red tide blooms?[J].Hydrobiologia,1997,353:141-147.
[27]曲克明,陈碧鹃,袁有宪,等.氮磷营养盐影响海水浮游硅藻种群组成的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(3):445-448.
[28]YIN K D,HARRISON P J.Nitrogen over enrichment in subtropical Pearl River estuarine coastal waters:Possible causes and consequences[J].Continental Shelf Research,2008,28(12):1435-1442.
[29]HO A Y T,XU J,YIN K D,et al.Seasonal and spatial dynamics of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass in Victoria Harbour and its vicinity before and after sewage abatement[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2008,57:313-324.
[30]XU J,YIN K D,HE L,et al.Phosphorus limitation in the northern South China Sea during late summer:Influence of the Pearl River[J].Deep-Sea Research I:Oceanographic Research Papers,2008,55(10):1330-1342.
[31]张达娟,闫启仑,王真良.典型河口浮游动物种类数及生物量变化趋势的研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(5):536-540.
[32]YIN K D,ZHANG J L,QIAN P Y,et al.Effect of wind events on phytoplankton blooms in the Pearl River Estuary during summer[J].Continental Shelf Research,,2004,24(16):1909-1923.
[33]李丽,江涛,吕颂辉.大亚湾海域夏、秋季分粒级叶绿素a分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2013,32(2):185-189.
[34]刘玉,李适宇,吴仁海,等.珠江口近岸水域浮游藻类及其与关键水质因子分析[J].生态科学,2001,20(4):21-25.
[35]黄云峰,江涛,冯佳和,等.珠江口广州海域叶绿素a分布特征及环境调控因素[J].海洋环境科学,2012,31(3):379-384;404.
[36]陈法锦,陈淳青,周凤霞,等.秋季珠江口外海海域的生态环境特征[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(6):844-852.
[37]张瑜斌,章洁香,张才学.赤潮多发区深圳湾叶绿素a的时空分布及其影响因素[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(5):1638-1643.
[38]丘耀文,王肇鼎,朱良生.大亚湾海域营养盐与叶绿素含量的变化趋势及其对生态环境的影响[J].台湾海峡,2005,24(2):131-139.
[39]李超伦,张芳,申欣,等.胶州湾叶绿素的浓度、分布特征及其周年变化[J].海洋与湖沼,2005,36(6):499-506.
[40]CHAI C,YU Z M,SONG X X,et al.The status and characteristics of eutrophication in the Yangtze River(Changjiang)Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea,China[J].Hydrobio-logia,2006,563:313-328.
[41]刘述锡,刘红,孙育红,等.2004年春夏季河北海域叶绿素a分布和初级生产力估算[J].海洋环境科学,2007,26(1):67-70.
[42]刘述锡,孙钦帮,陈素梅,等.北黄海近岸海域叶绿素a浓度季节分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2011,30(4):528-532.
[43]傅明珠,王宗灵,孙萍,等.2006年夏季南黄海浮游植物叶绿素a分布特征及其环境调控机制[J].生态学报,2009,29(10):5366-5375.
[44]肖莹.2008年闽江口海域叶绿素a时空分布及其与环境因子的相关性分析[J].福建水产,2014,36(4):271-277.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |