东营凹陷古近系页岩成岩事件及其对页岩储集空间发育特征的影响
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摘要
以东营凹陷古近系页岩为研究对象,通过岩心和岩石薄片观察、扫描电镜分析、电子探针分析及碳氧同位素测试等方法,研究页岩成岩事件及其对页岩储集空间发育特征的影响。结果表明:(1)东营凹陷页岩纹层特征显著,矿物岩石类型复杂,碳酸盐矿物尤其是方解石含量普遍较高,有机质含量高,镜质组反射率中等;纹层状泥质灰岩孔隙度相对较高;游离相油主要分布在微孔隙与裂缝中。(2)页岩主体处于中成岩阶段,3 000～3 600 m是孔隙发育演化的关键深度区间,黏土矿物收缩转化、碳酸盐矿物重结晶以及有机质持续生烃、酸性溶蚀等是页岩成岩史中的关键成岩事件,也是页岩成储的重要因素。(3)重结晶可形成解理缝及晶间孔,伴随生排烃过程的溶蚀作用产生碳酸盐矿物内部溶蚀孔,形成有效的储集空间组合,从而增加了储层孔隙度。(4)层理缝并不是严格意义上的裂缝,其发育与超压及超压引起的渗流力有关,当埋深大于3 000 m时,单纯靠流体超压无法克服上覆岩层压力将裂缝撑开,酸性溶蚀、有机质生烃超压及黏土矿物脱水收缩等成岩事件的继承与匹配,形成更易于流体流动的储集空间(组合),从而成为有效的渗流通道和储油空间。
The shale of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Dongying Sag was studied,according to the data of core,thin section,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe micro element scanning and carbon-oxygen isopiestic,etc. The effect of diagenetic events on shale pore space was analyzed. The results show that:(1)The shale in Dongying Sag develops obvious laminated layers,and the mineral types in shale is complicated. The content of carbonate minerals,especially calcite,is generally high. Organic matter is abundant with medium vitrinite reflectance. The porosity of laminar argillaceous limestone is relatively high,and free oil mainly distributes in micro-pores and fractures.(2)The major shale is at the middle stage of diagenesis,and 3 000-3 600 m is the key interval of pore development and evolution. The key diagenetic eventsduring shale diagenesis include shrinkage and transformation of clay minerals,recrystallization of carbonate minerals,organic matter persistent hydrocarbon generation and acid dissolution.(3)Recrystallization could form cleavage slits and intercry stalline pores,and the dissolution during the hydrocarbon generation and discharge process could generate internal dissolution pores in carbonate minerals,these pores form the effective pore space combination and increase the reservoir porosity.(4)The inter-laminar cracks are not rigorous fractures,which is related to the seepage force induced by overpressure and high overpressure. Below 3 000 m,the fluid overpressure alone could not overcome the overburden pressure to open the crack. The inheritance and matching of diagenetic events such as acid dissolution,induced overpressure of hydrocarbon generation from organic matter and clay mineral syneresis,forming the pore spaces(combination)that is easier for fluid flow,thus becoming an effective seepage channel and oil pore space.
The shale of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Dongying Sag was studied,according to the data of core,thin section,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe micro element scanning and carbon-oxygen isopiestic,etc. The effect of diagenetic events on shale pore space was analyzed. The results show that:(1)The shale in Dongying Sag develops obvious laminated layers,and the mineral types in shale is complicated. The content of carbonate minerals,especially calcite,is generally high. Organic matter is abundant with medium vitrinite reflectance. The porosity of laminar argillaceous limestone is relatively high,and free oil mainly distributes in micro-pores and fractures.(2)The major shale is at the middle stage of diagenesis,and 3 000-3 600 m is the key interval of pore development and evolution. The key diagenetic eventsduring shale diagenesis include shrinkage and transformation of clay minerals,recrystallization of carbonate minerals,organic matter persistent hydrocarbon generation and acid dissolution.(3)Recrystallization could form cleavage slits and intercry stalline pores,and the dissolution during the hydrocarbon generation and discharge process could generate internal dissolution pores in carbonate minerals,these pores form the effective pore space combination and increase the reservoir porosity.(4)The inter-laminar cracks are not rigorous fractures,which is related to the seepage force induced by overpressure and high overpressure. Below 3 000 m,the fluid overpressure alone could not overcome the overburden pressure to open the crack. The inheritance and matching of diagenetic events such as acid dissolution,induced overpressure of hydrocarbon generation from organic matter and clay mineral syneresis,forming the pore spaces(combination)that is easier for fluid flow,thus becoming an effective seepage channel and oil pore space.
引文
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