海洋环境治理的注意力变迁:基于政策内容与社会网络的分析
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摘要
海洋环境治理中的政府注意力体现了政府对海洋环境治理的重视程度,其变迁反映了我国海洋环境治理的内在规律和特性。本文基于1983-2016年间国务院及其各部委颁布的318项海洋环境政策文本,运用内容分析法和社会网络分析法,探讨海洋环境治理中政府注意力的变迁。研究发现:海洋环境治理中的政府注意力水平整体较高,呈现出一种波动式的缓慢上升的变迁趋向,且近期显现出持续增强的发展态势;海洋环境治理中的政府注意力呈现出明显的层次性和同步性特征,且政府在各类海洋环境事务中注意力水平的不稳定性愈加凸显;海洋环境治理中政府注意力的供给源呈现多元化,各政府主体在不同决策模式中的注意力水平呈现出明显的差异性。
The government's attention in marine environmental governance reflects the government's emphasis on marine environmental governance,and this change reflects the inherent laws and characteristics of China's marine environmental governance.Based on the 318 marine environmental policy texts promulgated by the State Council and its ministries and commissions from 1983 to 2016,this paper uses content analysis and social network analysis to explore the changes of government's attention evolution in marine environmental governance.The study found that the government's attention in marine environmental governance is generally of high level,showing a trend of fluctuating and slow rising,and recently showing a trend of continuous enhancement;the attention of government in marine environmental governance is characterized by obvious stratification and synchronization,and the attention of the government is increasingly unstable in various marine environmental affairs;the supply of government's attention in marine environmental governance is diversified,and the attention of various governmental subjects in different decision-making modes is obviously different.
The government's attention in marine environmental governance reflects the government's emphasis on marine environmental governance,and this change reflects the inherent laws and characteristics of China's marine environmental governance.Based on the 318 marine environmental policy texts promulgated by the State Council and its ministries and commissions from 1983 to 2016,this paper uses content analysis and social network analysis to explore the changes of government's attention evolution in marine environmental governance.The study found that the government's attention in marine environmental governance is generally of high level,showing a trend of fluctuating and slow rising,and recently showing a trend of continuous enhancement;the attention of government in marine environmental governance is characterized by obvious stratification and synchronization,and the attention of the government is increasingly unstable in various marine environmental affairs;the supply of government's attention in marine environmental governance is diversified,and the attention of various governmental subjects in different decision-making modes is obviously different.
引文
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[5]Matthew Frost,Georgia Bayliss-Brown,Paul Buckley,Martyn Cox,Stephen R.Dye,William G.Sanderson,Bethany Stoker,Narumon Withers Harvey.A review of climate change and the implementation of marine biodiversity legislation in the United Kingdom[J].Aquatic Conservation:Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems,2016,576-595.
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[8]许阳.中国海洋环境治理政策的概览、变迁及演进趋势——基于1982—2015年161项政策文本的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,(1).
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[10]张海柱.政府工作报告中的海洋政策演变[J].上海行政学院学报,2016,(3):106-107.
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[12]Glaser B G,Strauss A L.The Discovery of Grounded Theory:Strategies for Qualitative[M].New York:Aldine Publishing Company,1967.
[13]王刚.海洋环境风险的特性及形成机理:基于扎根理论分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,(4):22-29.
[14]练宏.注意力分配——基于跨学科视角的理论述评[J].社会学研究,2015,(4):215-241.
[2]赵淑玲,张丽莉.外部性理论与我国海洋环境管理的探讨[J].海洋开发与管理,2007,(8):84-91.
[3]Yen-Chiang Chang,Warwick Gullett,David L.Fluharty.Marine environmental governance networks and approaches:Conference report.Marine Policy,2014,192-196.
[4]Lawrence P.Hildebrand,Wen-Hong Liu,Ching-Ta Chuang.Marine Environmental Governance in the East Asian Seas Region.Coastal Management,2013,89-98.
[5]Matthew Frost,Georgia Bayliss-Brown,Paul Buckley,Martyn Cox,Stephen R.Dye,William G.Sanderson,Bethany Stoker,Narumon Withers Harvey.A review of climate change and the implementation of marine biodiversity legislation in the United Kingdom[J].Aquatic Conservation:Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems,2016,576-595.
[6]Emma McKinley,Stephen Fletcher.Improving marine environmental health through marine citizenship:A call for debate[J].Marine Policy,2012,839-843.
[7]于洋.联合执法:一种治理悖论的应对机制——以海洋环境保护联合执法为例[J].公共管理学报,2016,(4):49-61.
[8]许阳.中国海洋环境治理政策的概览、变迁及演进趋势——基于1982—2015年161项政策文本的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,(1).
[9]顾湘.海洋环境污染治理府际协调研究:困境、逻辑、出路[J].上海行政学院学报,2014,(2):105-111.
[10]张海柱.政府工作报告中的海洋政策演变[J].上海行政学院学报,2016,(3):106-107.
[11]刘凤朝,徐茜.中国科技政策主体合作网络演化研究[J].科学学研究,2012,(2):242.
[12]Glaser B G,Strauss A L.The Discovery of Grounded Theory:Strategies for Qualitative[M].New York:Aldine Publishing Company,1967.
[13]王刚.海洋环境风险的特性及形成机理:基于扎根理论分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,(4):22-29.
[14]练宏.注意力分配——基于跨学科视角的理论述评[J].社会学研究,2015,(4):215-241.
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