《本草纲目》中有毒中药的药物警戒思想:虫部
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摘要
目的基于"识毒-用毒-防毒-解毒"警戒思想,梳理《本草纲目》中收录虫部中药的警戒信息,为现代临床合理应用虫类药提供参考。方法基于Excel 2016提取《本草纲目》(金陵版点校本)中记载虫部中药的毒性、性味、适应证、炮制、配伍等记载,按照识毒、用毒、防毒、解毒等分类统计。结果在收录的131种虫部药中,41种具有毒性,以有毒占比最多,为68.3%,普遍具有辛寒、辛温之性。虫部有毒药物入药多为炮制品,且多以外用为主。部分虫部有毒中药有明确的减毒、解毒方法。结论虫部药的防毒、减毒措施丰富,对现代具有借鉴作用。
Objective Based on the whole pharmacovigilance theoretical frame that is formed by cognition,application,prevention and rescue of drug toxicity,the warning information of the Chinese medicine in the Compendium of Materia Medica was combed in order to provide ideas for the rational use of insect drugs in modern clinical practice. Methods Based on the Excel2016 extraction( Jinling-edition) of the toxicity,flavor-nature,indications,processing and compatibility of the Chinese medicine recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica,categorical statistics were used according to the classification of drug recognition,drug use,toxcity defense and detoxification. Results Among the 131 kinds of insect drugs,41 species were indentified toxic,and the category of toxic ones was found the most,accounting for 68.3%. It has been found that most insect drugs were processed products mainly for external use and some toxic Chinese medicines had specific methods of detoxification and rescue of drug toxicity. Conclusion The insect drugs are effective for the prevention of drug toxicity and detoxification,and can be used as reference in modern times.
Objective Based on the whole pharmacovigilance theoretical frame that is formed by cognition,application,prevention and rescue of drug toxicity,the warning information of the Chinese medicine in the Compendium of Materia Medica was combed in order to provide ideas for the rational use of insect drugs in modern clinical practice. Methods Based on the Excel2016 extraction( Jinling-edition) of the toxicity,flavor-nature,indications,processing and compatibility of the Chinese medicine recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica,categorical statistics were used according to the classification of drug recognition,drug use,toxcity defense and detoxification. Results Among the 131 kinds of insect drugs,41 species were indentified toxic,and the category of toxic ones was found the most,accounting for 68.3%. It has been found that most insect drugs were processed products mainly for external use and some toxic Chinese medicines had specific methods of detoxification and rescue of drug toxicity. Conclusion The insect drugs are effective for the prevention of drug toxicity and detoxification,and can be used as reference in modern times.
引文
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[12]孙思邈.备急千金要方[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1997:364.
[2]钱超尘,温长路.李时珍研究集成[M].北京:中国古籍出版社,2003:5.
[3]戴卫波,梅全喜.《本草纲目》对中药安全合理应用的贡献[J].时珍国医国药,2017,28(4):963-965.
[4]张冰,林志健,张晓朦.基于“识毒-用毒-防毒-解毒”实践的中药药物警戒思想[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(10):2017-2020.
[5]梁进权,王宁生.斑蝥的毒性反应及原因分析[J].新中医,2003,35(7):76-77.
[6]尹华荣,张刚.蜈蚣临床应用举偶[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2000,7(10):66.
[7]任文华,张双全,宋大祥,等.少棘蜈蚣毒液溶血肽的分离纯化[J].动物学报,2007,53(3):519-523.
[8]张师艺,成秀莲.全蝎的临床应用中毒治疗进展[J].新中医,1991,23(6):45-49.
[9]张冰.临床中药学[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2012:514.
[10]张秋霞.谈中药酒制的作用[J].世界中医药,2009,4(1):26.
[11]张冰.中药药物警戒[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2015:205.
[12]孙思邈.备急千金要方[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1997:364.
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