马兰黄土孔隙结构参数与渗透性关系研究
|
摘要
利用改进的ZC-2015型渗气仪和TST-55型渗透仪进行马兰黄土渗气及饱和渗透试验,得到两个渗透性参数渗气率ka和饱和渗透系数Kw,通过室内常规试验得到的孔隙比e,并利用图像处理软件(IPP)处理扫描电镜(SEM)照片得到的平面孔隙比e0,结合试验结果并利用数学模型建立宏-微观孔隙参数与渗透参数之间的关系。结果表明:重塑土干密度增大,单位体积内颗粒数量增多,孔隙面积减少。原状风干土样埋深增大,大孔和中孔的孔隙面积、孔隙数量、孔隙平均直径明显减小;半对数线性模型可以消除Kw和ka与孔隙结构参数在量级上的差异,拟合效果更好。lg Kw、lgka与e、e0之间都呈现较好的线性关系;含水率变化时,渗气率拟合直线的斜率和截距的变化规律更明显。重塑土由于制样均匀,曲线的拟合度更高,而不同深度的原状黄土试样由于沉积过程造成的结构性的差异,致使其拟合度较重塑土偏低。
A series of gas permeability and saturated penetration tests on Malan loess are accomplished by using the improved ZC-2015 air permeameter and TST-55 permeameter. We obtain two permeability parameters of gas permeability kaand saturation permeability coefficient Kwrespectively. The void ratio e is acquired by laboratory normal experiment. And the planar void ratio e0 is obtained from electron microscopy(SEM) which is analyzed by image-pro plus(IPP). Then combining with the test results and using mathematical model,the relationship between macroscopic and microcosmic pore parameters and infiltration parameters are established. The results show that dry density of remolded soils increases,the number of particles per unit volume increases,porosity area decreases. The buried depth of undisturbed dry loess samples increases. Soil pore area and pore number,the average pore diameter of macropores and mesopores in loess significantly decrease. The semi-logarithmic linear model can eliminate the magnitude difference between Kw,kaand the pore structure parameters,and the fitting results is better. lg Kwandlgkawith e,e0 show a good linear relationships. When the water content changes,the regulation of slope and intercept about the gas permeability fit lines change obviously. Due to uniform sample preparation,fitting curves of remolded soils show the high fitting degree. Comparing with the remolded loess,fitting degree of undisturbed loess in different depth is low because of structural difference of deposition process.
A series of gas permeability and saturated penetration tests on Malan loess are accomplished by using the improved ZC-2015 air permeameter and TST-55 permeameter. We obtain two permeability parameters of gas permeability kaand saturation permeability coefficient Kwrespectively. The void ratio e is acquired by laboratory normal experiment. And the planar void ratio e0 is obtained from electron microscopy(SEM) which is analyzed by image-pro plus(IPP). Then combining with the test results and using mathematical model,the relationship between macroscopic and microcosmic pore parameters and infiltration parameters are established. The results show that dry density of remolded soils increases,the number of particles per unit volume increases,porosity area decreases. The buried depth of undisturbed dry loess samples increases. Soil pore area and pore number,the average pore diameter of macropores and mesopores in loess significantly decrease. The semi-logarithmic linear model can eliminate the magnitude difference between Kw,kaand the pore structure parameters,and the fitting results is better. lg Kwandlgkawith e,e0 show a good linear relationships. When the water content changes,the regulation of slope and intercept about the gas permeability fit lines change obviously. Due to uniform sample preparation,fitting curves of remolded soils show the high fitting degree. Comparing with the remolded loess,fitting degree of undisturbed loess in different depth is low because of structural difference of deposition process.
引文
Cao L W,Wang Y,Huo P,et al.2015.Correlative research on permeability and microstructure of life source contaminated clay[J].Engineering Geology for Society and Territory,6:511-514.
Dang F N,Liu H W,Wang X W,et al.2015.Empirical formulas of permeability of clay based on effective pore ratio[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,34(9):1909-1917.
Hong B,Li X A,Chen G D,et al.2016.Experimental study of permeability of remolded Malan loess[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,24(2):276-283.
Hong B.2016.Experimental study on permeability of collapsible Malan loess[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University.
Lafhaj Z,Goueygou M,Djerbi A,et al.2006.Correlation between porosity,permeability and ultrasonic parameters of mortar with variable water/cement ratio and water content[J].Cement and Concrete Research,36(4):625-633.
Lambe T W,Whitman S E.1969.Soil mechanics[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,Inc.
Lei X Y.1987.Chinese loess pore type and collapsibility[J].Chinese Science(Series B),(12):1309-1316.
Liu J Y,Li X A,Jian T,et al.2017.A study of the relationship between gas permeability and saturated coefficient of permeability of the malan loess[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,44(6):154-162.
Loll P,Moldrup P,Schjnning P,et al.1999.Predicting saturated hydraulic conductivity from air permeability:applcation in stochastic water infiltration modeling[J].Water Resources Research,35(8):2387-2400.
Saxena N,Mavko G,Hofmann R,et al.2017.Estimating permeability from thin sections without reconstruction:Digital rock study of 3Dproperties from 2D images[J].Computers&Geosciences,102:79-99.
Schjnning P,Lamande M,Berisso F E,et al.2013.Gas diffusion,Nondarcy air permeability,and Computed tomography images of a clay subsoil affected by compaction[J].Soil Science Society of Americal Journal,77(6):1977-1990.
Schr9dinger A E,Wang H X translate.1982.Seepage physics in porous media[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press:38-39,159-161.
Shi J Y,Zhao Y.2015.Influence of air pressure and void on permeability coefficient of air in municipal solid waste(MSW)[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,37(4):586-593.
Stoltz G,Gourc J P,Oxarango L,et al.2010.Liquid and gas permeabilities of unsaturated municipal solid waste under compression[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,118(1-2):27-42.
Tracz T.2016.Open porosity of cement pastes and their gas permeability[J].Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences:Technical Sciences,64(4):775-783.
Wang Y,Cao L W,Wen W F,et al.2014.Microstructure and permeability of domestic waste contaminated clays[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,41(2):138-142.
Wei H Y,Zhan L T,Chen Y M.2007.Experimental study on gas permeability of municipal solid waste[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,26(7):1408-1415.
Xiong C R,Tang H M,Liu B C,et al.2007.Using SEM photos to gain the pore structural parameters of soil samples[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),32(3):415-419.
Xu J,Yuan M,Li B B,et al.2012.Experimental study of relationships between metamorphic grade,pore characteristic and permeability of coal[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,31(4):681-687.
Yang B,Zhang H Y,Zhao T Y,et al.2011.Responsibility of permeability of modified loess soil on microstructure[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,38(6):96-101.
Zhang R,Ning Z F,Yang F A,et al.2016.A laboratory study of the porosity-permeability relationships of shale and sandstone under effective stress[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,81:19-27.
党发宁,刘海伟,王学武,等.2015.基于有效孔隙比的黏性土渗透系数经验公式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,34(9):1909-1917.
洪勃,李喜安,陈广东.等.2016.重塑马兰黄土渗透性试验研究[J].工程地质学报,24(2):276-283.
洪勃.2016.湿陷性马兰黄土渗透性试验研究[D].西安:长安大学.
雷祥义.1987中国黄土的孔隙类型与湿陷性[J].中国科学(B辑),(12):1309-1316.
刘锦阳,李喜安,简涛,等.2017.马兰黄土渗气率与饱和渗透系数的关系研究[J].水文地质工程地质,44(6):154-162.
施建勇,赵义.2015.气体压力和孔隙对垃圾土体气体渗透系数影响的研究[J].岩土工程学报,37(4):586-593.
王勇,曹丽文,温文富,等.2014.生活垃圾污染黏土的微观结构与渗透特性[J].水文地质工程地质,41(2):138-142.
魏海云,詹良通,陈云敏.2007.城市生活垃圾的气体渗透性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,26(7):1408-1415.
熊承仁,唐辉明,刘宝琛,等.2007.利用SEM照片获取土的孔隙结构参数[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),32(3):415-419.
许江,袁梅,李波波,等.2012.煤的变质程度、孔隙特征与渗透率关系的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,31(4):681-687.
薛定谔A E著,王鸿勋译.1982.多孔介质中的渗流物理[M].北京:石油工业出版社:38-39,159-161.
杨博,张虎元,赵天宇,等.2011.改性黄土渗透性与孔隙结构的依存关系[J].水文地质工程地质,28(6):96-101.
Dang F N,Liu H W,Wang X W,et al.2015.Empirical formulas of permeability of clay based on effective pore ratio[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,34(9):1909-1917.
Hong B,Li X A,Chen G D,et al.2016.Experimental study of permeability of remolded Malan loess[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,24(2):276-283.
Hong B.2016.Experimental study on permeability of collapsible Malan loess[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University.
Lafhaj Z,Goueygou M,Djerbi A,et al.2006.Correlation between porosity,permeability and ultrasonic parameters of mortar with variable water/cement ratio and water content[J].Cement and Concrete Research,36(4):625-633.
Lambe T W,Whitman S E.1969.Soil mechanics[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,Inc.
Lei X Y.1987.Chinese loess pore type and collapsibility[J].Chinese Science(Series B),(12):1309-1316.
Liu J Y,Li X A,Jian T,et al.2017.A study of the relationship between gas permeability and saturated coefficient of permeability of the malan loess[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,44(6):154-162.
Loll P,Moldrup P,Schjnning P,et al.1999.Predicting saturated hydraulic conductivity from air permeability:applcation in stochastic water infiltration modeling[J].Water Resources Research,35(8):2387-2400.
Saxena N,Mavko G,Hofmann R,et al.2017.Estimating permeability from thin sections without reconstruction:Digital rock study of 3Dproperties from 2D images[J].Computers&Geosciences,102:79-99.
Schjnning P,Lamande M,Berisso F E,et al.2013.Gas diffusion,Nondarcy air permeability,and Computed tomography images of a clay subsoil affected by compaction[J].Soil Science Society of Americal Journal,77(6):1977-1990.
Schr9dinger A E,Wang H X translate.1982.Seepage physics in porous media[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press:38-39,159-161.
Shi J Y,Zhao Y.2015.Influence of air pressure and void on permeability coefficient of air in municipal solid waste(MSW)[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,37(4):586-593.
Stoltz G,Gourc J P,Oxarango L,et al.2010.Liquid and gas permeabilities of unsaturated municipal solid waste under compression[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,118(1-2):27-42.
Tracz T.2016.Open porosity of cement pastes and their gas permeability[J].Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences:Technical Sciences,64(4):775-783.
Wang Y,Cao L W,Wen W F,et al.2014.Microstructure and permeability of domestic waste contaminated clays[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,41(2):138-142.
Wei H Y,Zhan L T,Chen Y M.2007.Experimental study on gas permeability of municipal solid waste[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,26(7):1408-1415.
Xiong C R,Tang H M,Liu B C,et al.2007.Using SEM photos to gain the pore structural parameters of soil samples[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),32(3):415-419.
Xu J,Yuan M,Li B B,et al.2012.Experimental study of relationships between metamorphic grade,pore characteristic and permeability of coal[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,31(4):681-687.
Yang B,Zhang H Y,Zhao T Y,et al.2011.Responsibility of permeability of modified loess soil on microstructure[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,38(6):96-101.
Zhang R,Ning Z F,Yang F A,et al.2016.A laboratory study of the porosity-permeability relationships of shale and sandstone under effective stress[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,81:19-27.
党发宁,刘海伟,王学武,等.2015.基于有效孔隙比的黏性土渗透系数经验公式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,34(9):1909-1917.
洪勃,李喜安,陈广东.等.2016.重塑马兰黄土渗透性试验研究[J].工程地质学报,24(2):276-283.
洪勃.2016.湿陷性马兰黄土渗透性试验研究[D].西安:长安大学.
雷祥义.1987中国黄土的孔隙类型与湿陷性[J].中国科学(B辑),(12):1309-1316.
刘锦阳,李喜安,简涛,等.2017.马兰黄土渗气率与饱和渗透系数的关系研究[J].水文地质工程地质,44(6):154-162.
施建勇,赵义.2015.气体压力和孔隙对垃圾土体气体渗透系数影响的研究[J].岩土工程学报,37(4):586-593.
王勇,曹丽文,温文富,等.2014.生活垃圾污染黏土的微观结构与渗透特性[J].水文地质工程地质,41(2):138-142.
魏海云,詹良通,陈云敏.2007.城市生活垃圾的气体渗透性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,26(7):1408-1415.
熊承仁,唐辉明,刘宝琛,等.2007.利用SEM照片获取土的孔隙结构参数[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),32(3):415-419.
许江,袁梅,李波波,等.2012.煤的变质程度、孔隙特征与渗透率关系的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,31(4):681-687.
薛定谔A E著,王鸿勋译.1982.多孔介质中的渗流物理[M].北京:石油工业出版社:38-39,159-161.
杨博,张虎元,赵天宇,等.2011.改性黄土渗透性与孔隙结构的依存关系[J].水文地质工程地质,28(6):96-101.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |