渤海海域盆地石油地质条件与大中型油气田分布特征
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摘要
在回顾渤海海域盆地(渤海湾盆地海域部分)油气勘探历程及相关石油地质理论研究的基础上,总结了渤海海域盆地的新生代构造-沉积演化历程,分析了渤海海域盆地的石油地质条件,着重指出了与相邻陆区的显著差异。首先,渤海海域盆地两期构造旋回相应发育了沙河街组和东营组两套优质烃源岩,其中东营组烃源岩为海域盆地所特有,且晚期快速沉降有助于其成熟,因此,渤海海域盆地具有更为优越的烃源条件;其次,渤海海域盆地新近系广泛发育浅水-极浅水三角洲,是海域特有的一套勘探层系;最后,郯庐断裂带海域部分的长期持续活动最终形成了渤海海域盆地大中型油气田集中分布的油气富集带,是当前渤海油气勘探的重要领域。充分认识渤海海域盆地演化的特殊性及其独特的石油地质条件和油气富集规律,对今后的渤海油气勘探及相关研究具有参考价值。
On the basis of reviewing the petroleum exploration history of the Bohai Sea Basin( the offshore part of the Bohai Bay Basin) and the related petroleum geologic theories,we summarized the Cenozoic tectonic-sedimentary evolution of the Bohai Sea Basin,and analyzed its petroleum geologic conditions,with focus on their significant differences from that of the onshore part of the Bohai Bay Basin. First of all,two sets of high-quality source rocks of the Shahejie Formation and Dongying Formation are developed as the results of two tectonic cycles of the Bohai Sea Basin. The distribution of source rocks of the Dongying Formation is limited to this basin,and the rapid subsidence in late stages contributes to its maturity,both of which manifest the more favorable hydrocarbon source conditions in the Bohai Sea Basin. On the other hand,shallow-extremely shallow-water deltas,a unique series of strata for exploration in the offshore part,are widely developed in the Neogene of the Bohai Sea Basin. In addition,the long-term sustained activities of the Tanlu fault zone in the offshore part eventually resulted in the play fairway with several large-and medium-sized oil and gas fields in the Bohai Sea Basin,which is an important field for oil and gas exploration in the Bohai Sea at present. It's of referential value for future Bohai Sea exploration and related studies to fully understand the particularity of evolution of the Bohai Sea Basin and its unique petroleum geologic conditions and oil and gas accumulation patterns.
On the basis of reviewing the petroleum exploration history of the Bohai Sea Basin( the offshore part of the Bohai Bay Basin) and the related petroleum geologic theories,we summarized the Cenozoic tectonic-sedimentary evolution of the Bohai Sea Basin,and analyzed its petroleum geologic conditions,with focus on their significant differences from that of the onshore part of the Bohai Bay Basin. First of all,two sets of high-quality source rocks of the Shahejie Formation and Dongying Formation are developed as the results of two tectonic cycles of the Bohai Sea Basin. The distribution of source rocks of the Dongying Formation is limited to this basin,and the rapid subsidence in late stages contributes to its maturity,both of which manifest the more favorable hydrocarbon source conditions in the Bohai Sea Basin. On the other hand,shallow-extremely shallow-water deltas,a unique series of strata for exploration in the offshore part,are widely developed in the Neogene of the Bohai Sea Basin. In addition,the long-term sustained activities of the Tanlu fault zone in the offshore part eventually resulted in the play fairway with several large-and medium-sized oil and gas fields in the Bohai Sea Basin,which is an important field for oil and gas exploration in the Bohai Sea at present. It's of referential value for future Bohai Sea exploration and related studies to fully understand the particularity of evolution of the Bohai Sea Basin and its unique petroleum geologic conditions and oil and gas accumulation patterns.
引文
[1]朱伟林,米立军,龚再升,等.渤海海域油气成藏与勘探[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:1-7.Zhu Weilin,Mi Lijun,Gong Zaisheng,et,al. Petroleum exploration and Hydrocabon accumulation in Bohai Sea[M]. Beijing:SciencePress,2009:1-7.
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[6]薛永安,韦阿娟,彭靖淞,等.渤海湾盆地渤海海域大中型油田成藏模式和规律[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(3):10-19.Xue Yongan,Wei Ajuan,Peng Jingsong,et al. Accumulation models and regularities of large-middle scale oilfields in Bohai sea,Bohai Bay basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(3):10-19.
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[8]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.Gong Zaisheng,Cai Dongsheng,Zhang Gongcheng. Dominating action of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Bohai Sea area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.
[9]徐长贵.渤海走滑转换带及其对大中型油气田形成的控制作用[J].地球科学,2016,41(9):1548-1550.Xu Changgui. Strike-Slip transfer zone and its control of formation of medium and large-sized oilfields in Bohai Sea Area[J]. Earth Science,2016,41(9):1548-1550.
[10]庞雄奇,郭永华,姜福杰,等.渤海海域优质烃源岩及其分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):393-397.Pang Xiongqi,Guo Yonghua,Jiang Fujie,et al. High-quality source rocks and their distribution prediction in the Bohai Sea waters[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):469-475.
[11]徐长贵,杜晓峰,徐伟,等.沉积盆地“源-汇”系统研究新进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):1-11.Xu Changgui,Du Xiaofeng,Xu Wei,et al. New advances of the“Source-to-Sink”system research in sedimentary basins[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(1):1-11.
[12]李建平,周心怀,吕丁友.渤海海域古近系三角洲沉积体系分布与演化规律[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(5):293-298.Li Jianping,Zhou Xinhuai,Lv Dingyou. Distribution and evolution of Paleogene delta systems in Bohai Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,28(3):10-19.
[13]朱伟林,李建平,周心怀,等.渤海新近系浅水三角洲沉积体系与大型油气田勘探[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):575-582.Zhu Weilin,Li Jianping,Zhou Xinhuai,et al. Neogene shallow water deltaic system and large hydrocarbon accumulations in Bohai Bay,China[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):575-582.
[14]刘志亮,沈芳,朱筱敏,等.浅水三角洲研究进展与陆相湖盆实例分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(4):596-604.Liu Zhiliang,Shen Fang,Zhu Xiaomin,et al. Progress of shallow-water delta research and a case study of continental lake basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(4):596-604.
[15]张昌民,尹太举,朱永进,等.浅水三角洲沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):933-944.Zhang Changming,Yi Taiju,Zhu Yongjin,et al. Shallow-water deltas and models[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinicac,2010,28(5):933-944.
[16]钟怡江,陈洪德,徐长贵,等.辽东湾坳陷新近系馆陶组浅水三角洲的发现及其油气勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):499-507.Zhong Yijiang,Chen Hongde,Xu Changgui,et al. Discovery of shallow-water delta in the Neogene Guantao Formation in the Liaodong Bay Depression and its significance for oil and gas exploration[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(3):499-507.
[17]朱伟林.中国近海新生代含油气盆地古湖泊学与烃源条件[M].北京:地质出版社,2009:73-89.Zhu Weilin. Paleolimnology and Source condition of Cenozoic petroliferous basins in China offshore[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009:73-89.
[18]周心怀,牛成民,滕长宇.环渤中地区新构造运动期断裂活动与油气成藏关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):469-475.Zhou Xinhuai,Niu Chengmin,Teng Changyu. Relationship between faulting and hydrocarbon pooling during the Neotetonic movement around the central BohaiBay[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):469-475.
[2]朱伟林.中国近海油气勘探的回顾和思考[J].中国工程科学,2011,13(5):4-9.Zhu Weilin. China offshore oil and gas exploration:review and thinking[J]. Engineering Sciences,2011,13(5):4-9.
[3]龚再升,王国纯.渤海新构造运动控制晚期油气成藏[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):1-7.Gong Zaisheng,Wang Guochun. Pertoleum exploration Neotectonism and late hydrocarbon accumulation in Bohai Sea[J]Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):1-7.
[4]米立军.新构造运动与渤海海域上第三系大型油气田[J].中国海上油气. 2001,15(1):21-28.Mi Lijun. The Neotectonism and major Neogene oil and gas fields in Bohai Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2001,15(1):21-28.
[5]夏庆龙,徐长贵.渤海海域复杂断裂带地质认识创新与油气重大发现[J].石油学报,2016,37(S1):22-32.Xia Qinglong,Xu Changgui. New geological understandings and major hydrocarbon discoveries in the complex fault zone of Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(S1):22-32.
[6]薛永安,韦阿娟,彭靖淞,等.渤海湾盆地渤海海域大中型油田成藏模式和规律[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(3):10-19.Xue Yongan,Wei Ajuan,Peng Jingsong,et al. Accumulation models and regularities of large-middle scale oilfields in Bohai sea,Bohai Bay basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(3):10-19.
[7]夏庆龙,田立新,周心怀,等.渤海海域构造形成演化与变形机制[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012:58-63.Xia Qinglong,Tian Lixin,Zhou Xinhuai,et al. Tectonic evolution and deformation mechanisms of Bohai Sea[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012:58-63.
[8]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.Gong Zaisheng,Cai Dongsheng,Zhang Gongcheng. Dominating action of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Bohai Sea area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.
[9]徐长贵.渤海走滑转换带及其对大中型油气田形成的控制作用[J].地球科学,2016,41(9):1548-1550.Xu Changgui. Strike-Slip transfer zone and its control of formation of medium and large-sized oilfields in Bohai Sea Area[J]. Earth Science,2016,41(9):1548-1550.
[10]庞雄奇,郭永华,姜福杰,等.渤海海域优质烃源岩及其分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):393-397.Pang Xiongqi,Guo Yonghua,Jiang Fujie,et al. High-quality source rocks and their distribution prediction in the Bohai Sea waters[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):469-475.
[11]徐长贵,杜晓峰,徐伟,等.沉积盆地“源-汇”系统研究新进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):1-11.Xu Changgui,Du Xiaofeng,Xu Wei,et al. New advances of the“Source-to-Sink”system research in sedimentary basins[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(1):1-11.
[12]李建平,周心怀,吕丁友.渤海海域古近系三角洲沉积体系分布与演化规律[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(5):293-298.Li Jianping,Zhou Xinhuai,Lv Dingyou. Distribution and evolution of Paleogene delta systems in Bohai Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,28(3):10-19.
[13]朱伟林,李建平,周心怀,等.渤海新近系浅水三角洲沉积体系与大型油气田勘探[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):575-582.Zhu Weilin,Li Jianping,Zhou Xinhuai,et al. Neogene shallow water deltaic system and large hydrocarbon accumulations in Bohai Bay,China[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):575-582.
[14]刘志亮,沈芳,朱筱敏,等.浅水三角洲研究进展与陆相湖盆实例分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(4):596-604.Liu Zhiliang,Shen Fang,Zhu Xiaomin,et al. Progress of shallow-water delta research and a case study of continental lake basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(4):596-604.
[15]张昌民,尹太举,朱永进,等.浅水三角洲沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):933-944.Zhang Changming,Yi Taiju,Zhu Yongjin,et al. Shallow-water deltas and models[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinicac,2010,28(5):933-944.
[16]钟怡江,陈洪德,徐长贵,等.辽东湾坳陷新近系馆陶组浅水三角洲的发现及其油气勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):499-507.Zhong Yijiang,Chen Hongde,Xu Changgui,et al. Discovery of shallow-water delta in the Neogene Guantao Formation in the Liaodong Bay Depression and its significance for oil and gas exploration[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(3):499-507.
[17]朱伟林.中国近海新生代含油气盆地古湖泊学与烃源条件[M].北京:地质出版社,2009:73-89.Zhu Weilin. Paleolimnology and Source condition of Cenozoic petroliferous basins in China offshore[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009:73-89.
[18]周心怀,牛成民,滕长宇.环渤中地区新构造运动期断裂活动与油气成藏关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):469-475.Zhou Xinhuai,Niu Chengmin,Teng Changyu. Relationship between faulting and hydrocarbon pooling during the Neotetonic movement around the central BohaiBay[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):469-475.
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