不同间伐强度下桥山麻栎林土壤渗透特性
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摘要
为了探讨不同抚育间伐强度下麻栎(Quercus acutissima)林土壤水分渗透规律及影响因素,以桥山林区麻栎天然次生林地土壤为研究对象,对不同间伐强度(对照,10%,20%,30%)近自然经营抚育间伐5年后麻栎林的土壤入渗、土壤基本物理性质和土壤根系进行了研究。结果表明:在0—10cm土层中土壤渗透性能表现为间伐30%>间伐20%>间伐10%>对照;林地土壤总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度随着间伐强度增强而增大,间伐达到20%以上显著高于对照,土壤容重则随间伐降低;在10—20cm土层中,间伐对土壤入渗及土壤基本物理性质并无显著影响;土壤根系结构指标随间伐强度增强而升高;通过相关性分析知,土壤容重、总孔隙度、非毛孔隙度、根长密度、根表面积密度是影响该地区土壤渗透性的关键因素;Philip模型能准确描述该研究区域的土壤水分入渗过程。间伐对土壤表层(0—10cm)的渗透性具有显著的改善作用,对较深层(10—20cm)土壤的渗透性并无显著影响。
In order to investigate the law and influencing factors of the soil permeability in Quercus acutissima forest under different tending thinning intensities,we took the Q.acutissima natural secondary forests in Qiaoshan forests as the study site.The analyses were made on soil permeability,soil basic physical properties and plant roots of the near natural management tending Q.acutissimaforest after 5 years of thinning under different tending thinning intensities(CK,10%,20%,30%).The results showed that the soil permeability ability in 0—10 cm soil layer decreased in the order:thinning rate(20%)>thinning rate(10%)>CK>thinning rate(30%);the total soil porosity and non-capillary porosity of woodland increased with the increase of thinning intensity and the they was significantly higher uneder thinning rate greater than 20%than those of the control,while the soil bulk density decreases with the thinning intensity.Thinning had no significant effect on soil infiltration and soil physical properties in 10—20 cm soil layer.The plant root structure index increased with the increase of thinning intensity.According to the correlation analysis,the soil bulk density,total porosity,non-capillary porosity,root length density and root surface area density are the key factors affecting soil permeability in this area.The Philip model can accurately describe the process of soil water infiltration in the study area.Thinning had a significant improvement on the permeability of soil surface(0—10 cm),but had no significant effect on the permeability of deeper soil(10—20 cm).
In order to investigate the law and influencing factors of the soil permeability in Quercus acutissima forest under different tending thinning intensities,we took the Q.acutissima natural secondary forests in Qiaoshan forests as the study site.The analyses were made on soil permeability,soil basic physical properties and plant roots of the near natural management tending Q.acutissimaforest after 5 years of thinning under different tending thinning intensities(CK,10%,20%,30%).The results showed that the soil permeability ability in 0—10 cm soil layer decreased in the order:thinning rate(20%)>thinning rate(10%)>CK>thinning rate(30%);the total soil porosity and non-capillary porosity of woodland increased with the increase of thinning intensity and the they was significantly higher uneder thinning rate greater than 20%than those of the control,while the soil bulk density decreases with the thinning intensity.Thinning had no significant effect on soil infiltration and soil physical properties in 10—20 cm soil layer.The plant root structure index increased with the increase of thinning intensity.According to the correlation analysis,the soil bulk density,total porosity,non-capillary porosity,root length density and root surface area density are the key factors affecting soil permeability in this area.The Philip model can accurately describe the process of soil water infiltration in the study area.Thinning had a significant improvement on the permeability of soil surface(0—10 cm),but had no significant effect on the permeability of deeper soil(10—20 cm).
引文
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[15]李荣,张文辉,何景峰,等.不同间伐强度对辽东栎林群落稳定性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(1):14-20.
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[19]王小燕,王天巍,蔡崇法,等.含碎石紫色土坡面降雨入渗与产流产沙过程[J].水科学进展,2014,25(2):190-195.
[20]高婵婵,余凯,赵传燕,等.黄土丘陵区安家沟流域土壤入渗特性空间变异的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(4):90-95.
[21]王利东.不同间伐抚育强度对华北落叶松人工林土壤物理性质变化影响的研究[J].河北林果研究,2012,27(1):6-9.
[22] Czames S,Hallett P D,Bengough A G,et al.Root and microbial-derived mucilage′s affect soil structure and water transport[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2000,51(3):435-443.
[23]朱教君,康宏樟,胡理乐.应用全天空照片估计林分透光孔隙度(郁闭度)[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(10):1234-1240.
[2]赵洋毅,王玉杰,王云琦,等.渝北水源区水源涵养林构建模式对土壤渗透性的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(15):4162-4172.
[3]刘霞,张光灿,李雪蕾,等.小流域生态修复过程中不同森林植被土壤入渗与贮水特征[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(6):1-5.
[4]牛云,刘贤德,张虎,等.祁连山水源涵养林土壤渗透功能的分析与评价[J].西北林学院学报,2001,16(S):35-38.
[5]林代杰,郑子成,张锡洲,等.不同土地利用方式下土壤入渗特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(1):33-36.
[6]王纪杰,俞元春,陈容,等.不同栽培代次、林龄的桉树人工林土壤渗透性研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(2):78-82,103.
[7]范少辉,刘广路,漆良华,等.闽西北不同经营时间毛竹林土壤渗透性研究[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(1):24-27,48.
[8]刘芝芹,黄新会,王克勤.金沙江干热河谷不同土地利用类型土壤入渗特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(2):57-62.
[9]张昌顺,范少辉,官凤英,等.闽北毛竹林的土壤渗透性及其影响因子[J].林业科学,2009,45(1):36-42.
[10] Dunkerley D.Effect of rainfall intensity fluctuations on infiltration and runoff:rainfall simulation on dryland soils,Fowlers Gap, Australia[J]. Hydrological Processes,2012,26(15):2211-2224.
[11] Duan R,Fedler C B,Borrelii J.Field evaluation of infiltration models in lawn soils[J].Irrigation Science,2011,29(5):379-389.
[12]陈家林,孔玉华,裴丙,等.太行山低山丘陵区不同植被类型土壤渗透特性及影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(4):60-65.
[13] Bormann H,Klaassen K.Seasonal and land use dependent variability of soil hydraulic and soil hydrological properties of two Nothern German soils[J].Geoderma,2008,145(3/4):295-302.
[14]曹旭平,张文辉.陕西桥山省级自然保护区综合科学考察报告[M].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学出版社,2015.
[15]李荣,张文辉,何景峰,等.不同间伐强度对辽东栎林群落稳定性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(1):14-20.
[16]苏芳莉,刘明国,迟德霞,等.间伐强度对天然次生林凋落物性质的作用效果分析[J].土壤通报,2007,38(6):1096-1099.
[17]邵明安,王全九,黄明斌.土壤物理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[18]刘道平,陈三雄,张金池,等.浙江安吉主要林地类型土壤渗透性[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(3):493-498.
[19]王小燕,王天巍,蔡崇法,等.含碎石紫色土坡面降雨入渗与产流产沙过程[J].水科学进展,2014,25(2):190-195.
[20]高婵婵,余凯,赵传燕,等.黄土丘陵区安家沟流域土壤入渗特性空间变异的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(4):90-95.
[21]王利东.不同间伐抚育强度对华北落叶松人工林土壤物理性质变化影响的研究[J].河北林果研究,2012,27(1):6-9.
[22] Czames S,Hallett P D,Bengough A G,et al.Root and microbial-derived mucilage′s affect soil structure and water transport[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2000,51(3):435-443.
[23]朱教君,康宏樟,胡理乐.应用全天空照片估计林分透光孔隙度(郁闭度)[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(10):1234-1240.
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