多视点复合区园林景观最佳观赏位置空间分布特点
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摘要
为了研究多视点复合区园林景观最佳观赏位置空间分布特点,以某森林公园为研究对象,采用GPS航行轨迹进行跟踪,选取某一景观,并将其作为中心,获取可视区域,对相关数据进行采集。从研究森林公园中挑出4个观赏位置,通过层次分析法获取不同因子的权重系数,把研究景观单因素和相应权重系数相乘,获取研究景观不同观赏位置依据GIS的整体视觉景观排名,计算美景度,将二者结合在一起确定最佳观赏位置。分析最佳观赏位置空间分布距离特点、最佳观赏位置空间分布象限特点、不同布局形式下最佳观赏位置空间分布特点以及最佳观赏位置空间景观容量特点,得出以下结论:最佳观赏位置视点场分布大部分在景观高度四倍距离区间内;第一象限与第八象限的视点频率较其余象限更高,空间布局的轴线方向能够显著提高景观的方向性,最佳观赏位置右侧视点分布比例比左侧更高;中心式布局最佳观赏位置视点场呈环状,景观的不同观赏点均需有高观赏性,场地开阔,针对扇形视点场,人流方向有很长的场地,可通过两面观赏多视点复合区园林景观;最佳观赏位置具有视觉空间容量大,视觉景观容量小的特点。经实验验证,得到的研究结果准确。
In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of the best ornamental position of the multi view complex area garden landscape,taking a forest park as the research object,using the GPS navigation track to track the landscape,a landscape was selected as the center to obtain the visual area and the related data were collect. 4 ornamental positions were picked out from the study of forest park,and the weight coefficients of different factors were obtained by analytic hierarchy process. The research landscape single factor and the corresponding weight coefficient were multiplied to obtain the overall visual landscape ranking of the different viewing locations of the landscape based on GIS,to calculate the beauty of the landscape,and to combine the two to determine the best viewing position. The spatial distribution distance characteristic of the best ornamental position,the best ornamental position spatial distribution quadrant,the spatial distribution characteristic of the best ornamental position under different layout and the space landscape capacity characteristics of the best ornamental position are analyzed. The following conclusion is drawn: the best viewing location field distribution is four times the distance area of the landscape height. The visual point frequency of the first quadrant and the eighth quadrant is higher than the rest quadrant. The axis direction of the spatial layout can significantly improve the direction of the landscape. The right view distribution ratio of the best ornamental position is higher than that on the left side. The best viewing location of the central layout is circular,and the different ornamental points of the landscape need to be highly ornamental. For the fan-shaped field of view,there is a very long field in the direction of the fan. It can watch the landscape of multi view complex area through two sides. The best viewing position has the characteristics of large visual space capacity and small visual landscape capacity. After experimental verification,the result is accurate.
In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of the best ornamental position of the multi view complex area garden landscape,taking a forest park as the research object,using the GPS navigation track to track the landscape,a landscape was selected as the center to obtain the visual area and the related data were collect. 4 ornamental positions were picked out from the study of forest park,and the weight coefficients of different factors were obtained by analytic hierarchy process. The research landscape single factor and the corresponding weight coefficient were multiplied to obtain the overall visual landscape ranking of the different viewing locations of the landscape based on GIS,to calculate the beauty of the landscape,and to combine the two to determine the best viewing position. The spatial distribution distance characteristic of the best ornamental position,the best ornamental position spatial distribution quadrant,the spatial distribution characteristic of the best ornamental position under different layout and the space landscape capacity characteristics of the best ornamental position are analyzed. The following conclusion is drawn: the best viewing location field distribution is four times the distance area of the landscape height. The visual point frequency of the first quadrant and the eighth quadrant is higher than the rest quadrant. The axis direction of the spatial layout can significantly improve the direction of the landscape. The right view distribution ratio of the best ornamental position is higher than that on the left side. The best viewing location of the central layout is circular,and the different ornamental points of the landscape need to be highly ornamental. For the fan-shaped field of view,there is a very long field in the direction of the fan. It can watch the landscape of multi view complex area through two sides. The best viewing position has the characteristics of large visual space capacity and small visual landscape capacity. After experimental verification,the result is accurate.
引文
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2 张利欣.园林植物在沈阳地产景观中的应用研究.中国园艺文摘,2017; 33(5):153—154Zhang Lixin. Application of garden plants in shenyang real estate landscape. Chinese Horticultural Abstracts,2017; 33(5):153—154
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10 王芳,周年兴,关健,等.中国民歌文化景观基因空间分布特征及形成机.热带地理,2015; 35(6):797—803Wang Fang,Zhou Nianxing,Guan Jian,et al. Spatial distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of cultural landscape of Chinese folk song. Tropical Geography,2015; 35(6):797—803
11孙百生,郭翠恩,杨依天,等.基于GIS的承德乡村地名文化景观空间分布.地理科学,2017; 37(2):244—251Sun Baisheng,Guo Cuien,Yang Yitian,et al. Special features of the cultural landscape distribution of place names in Chengde village in GIS. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017; 37(2):244—251
12 王瑶.基于生态理念的复合绿道园林景观建设探究.现代园艺,2016;(12):166—167Wang Yao. Study on Landscape Construction of compound green road based on ecological concept. Modern Horticulture, 2016;(12):166—167
13 赵丹.基于GIS技术的园林规划设计软件的研究.电子设计工程,2017; 5(9):75—78Zhao Dan. Research of landscape planning and design software based on GIS technology. Electronic Design Engineering,2017; 5(9):75—78
14 王馨颜.遥感图像的森林景区空间结构分析.科学技术与工程,2017; 17(24):304—308Wang Xinyan. Based on remote sensing image of forest spatial structure analysis of the scenic spot. Science Technology and Engineering,2017; 17(24):304—308
15 顾菡娇,高璜,陈伏生,等.竹子观赏特性及其在园林景观配置中的应用.南方林业科学,2016; 44(5):61—64Gu Hanjiao,Gao Huang,Chen Fusheng,et al. Ornamental characteristics of bamboo and its application on landscape configuration.Nanfang Forestry Science,2016; 44(5):61—64
16 陈文胜,陈华,郑敏,等.农业观光园中观赏蔬菜景观的配置.福建农业科技,2016; 47(2):34—37Chen Wensheng,Chen Hua,Zheng Min,et al. Landscape allocation of ornamental vegetable in agricultural sightseeing garden. Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology,2016; 47(2):34—37
2 张利欣.园林植物在沈阳地产景观中的应用研究.中国园艺文摘,2017; 33(5):153—154Zhang Lixin. Application of garden plants in shenyang real estate landscape. Chinese Horticultural Abstracts,2017; 33(5):153—154
3 钟莹,吴南生.闲置试验田紫云英花海景观的单一性空间分布格局研.江西农业大学学报,2016; 38(6):1070—1075Zhong Ying,Wu Nansheng. Plots of the spatial distribution pattern of single astragalus sinicus flowers analysis. Journal of Jiangxi Agricultural University,2016; 38(6):1070—1075
4 吴承照,刘文倩,李胜华.基于GPS/GIS技术的公园游客空间分布差异性研究——以上海市共青森林公园为例.中国园林,2017;(9):98—103Wu Chengzhao,Liu Wenqian,Li Shenghua. Research on spatial distribution difference of park visitors based on GPS/GIS technology—Taking Shanghai Gongqing Forest Park as an example. Chinese Landscape Architecture,2017;(9):98—103
5 周宏俊,张波.园林眺望的经营位置与视觉特质.风景园林,2016;(9):108—114Zhou Hongjun, Zhang Bo. The layout and visual properties of garden's view. Landscape Architecture,2016;(9):108—114
6 林国嫦.草坪景观在居住区园林中的位置选择.现代园艺,2016;(12):163—164Lin Guochang. Location selection of lawn landscape in residential gardens. Modern Horticulture,2016;(12):163—164
7 胡美娟,侯国林,周年兴,等.庐山森林景观空间分布格局及多尺度特.生态学报,2015; 35(16):5294—5305Hu Meijuan,Hou Guolin,Zhou Nianxing,et al. Spatial distribution patterns and multi-scale features of the Lushan forest landscape. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015; 35(16):5294—5305
8 董灵波,刘兆刚,李凤日.大兴安岭盘古林场森林景观的空间分布格局及其关联性.林业科学,2015; 51(7):28—36Dong Lingbo,Liu Zhaogang,Li Fengri. Spatial point patterns and associations of forest landscapes in pangu forest farm in Daxing'an Mountains. Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2015; 51(7):28—36
9 康孝岩,王艳慧,段福洲.单一景观空间分布指数及其适用性评价.生态学报,2015; 35(5):1311—1320Kang Xiaoyan,Wang Yanhui,Duan Fuhzou. Spatial distribution index and its applicability evaluation for single-type landscape. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015; 35(5):1311—1320
10 王芳,周年兴,关健,等.中国民歌文化景观基因空间分布特征及形成机.热带地理,2015; 35(6):797—803Wang Fang,Zhou Nianxing,Guan Jian,et al. Spatial distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of cultural landscape of Chinese folk song. Tropical Geography,2015; 35(6):797—803
11孙百生,郭翠恩,杨依天,等.基于GIS的承德乡村地名文化景观空间分布.地理科学,2017; 37(2):244—251Sun Baisheng,Guo Cuien,Yang Yitian,et al. Special features of the cultural landscape distribution of place names in Chengde village in GIS. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017; 37(2):244—251
12 王瑶.基于生态理念的复合绿道园林景观建设探究.现代园艺,2016;(12):166—167Wang Yao. Study on Landscape Construction of compound green road based on ecological concept. Modern Horticulture, 2016;(12):166—167
13 赵丹.基于GIS技术的园林规划设计软件的研究.电子设计工程,2017; 5(9):75—78Zhao Dan. Research of landscape planning and design software based on GIS technology. Electronic Design Engineering,2017; 5(9):75—78
14 王馨颜.遥感图像的森林景区空间结构分析.科学技术与工程,2017; 17(24):304—308Wang Xinyan. Based on remote sensing image of forest spatial structure analysis of the scenic spot. Science Technology and Engineering,2017; 17(24):304—308
15 顾菡娇,高璜,陈伏生,等.竹子观赏特性及其在园林景观配置中的应用.南方林业科学,2016; 44(5):61—64Gu Hanjiao,Gao Huang,Chen Fusheng,et al. Ornamental characteristics of bamboo and its application on landscape configuration.Nanfang Forestry Science,2016; 44(5):61—64
16 陈文胜,陈华,郑敏,等.农业观光园中观赏蔬菜景观的配置.福建农业科技,2016; 47(2):34—37Chen Wensheng,Chen Hua,Zheng Min,et al. Landscape allocation of ornamental vegetable in agricultural sightseeing garden. Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology,2016; 47(2):34—37
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