基于液压恒速控制的风力发电系统研究
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摘要
针对传统风力发电系统成本过高,维护不便等问题,给出了一种新型的液压马达恒速控制的风力发电技术.该系统通过比例伺服阀控制变量缸位置变化,使液压马达的斜盘或缸体角度变化确保液压马达输出转速恒定,从而达到发电机发出恒频电的目的.根据系统的数学模型和设计参数,进行Matlab仿真分析.结果表明,该系统在原理上是合理的,可以实现不同风速的输入及马达以恒转速1 500r/min输出,进而提高风力发电效率.
Aiming at the maintenance inconvenience and high cost of traditional wind power generation system,a new type of hydraulic motor with constant speed control was proposed.The system used a proportional servo valve to control the position change of the variable cylinder,causing the swash plate or cylinder angle of the hydraulic motor to make changes so that the output speed of the hydraulic motor is constant,thus achieving the purpose of the generator to send a constant frequency.According to the system's mathematical model and design parameters,Matlab simulation analysis shows that the system is reasonable in principle,achieves different wind speed input and motor output at a constant speed of 1 500 r/min,and then increase the efficiency of wind power generation.In hydraulic systems,hydraulic motors,generators,and control devices are placed on the ground,reducing cabin load and saving maintenance costs.
Aiming at the maintenance inconvenience and high cost of traditional wind power generation system,a new type of hydraulic motor with constant speed control was proposed.The system used a proportional servo valve to control the position change of the variable cylinder,causing the swash plate or cylinder angle of the hydraulic motor to make changes so that the output speed of the hydraulic motor is constant,thus achieving the purpose of the generator to send a constant frequency.According to the system's mathematical model and design parameters,Matlab simulation analysis shows that the system is reasonable in principle,achieves different wind speed input and motor output at a constant speed of 1 500 r/min,and then increase the efficiency of wind power generation.In hydraulic systems,hydraulic motors,generators,and control devices are placed on the ground,reducing cabin load and saving maintenance costs.
引文
[1]宋恒东,董学育.风力发电技术现状及发展趋势[J].电工电气,2015(1):1-4.SONG H D,DONG X Y.Discussion on present situations and development trends of wind power generation technology[J].Electrotechnics Electric,2015(1):1-4.(in Chinese)
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[3]刘波,贺志佳,金昊.风力发电现状与发展趋势[J].东北电力大学学报,2016,36(2):7-13.LIU B,HE Z J,JIN H.Wind power status and development trends[J].Journal of Northeast Electric Porver University,2016,36(2):7-13.(in Chinese)
[4]李博,马训鸣,霍建锋.基于PID的变量马达恒速控制系统研究[J].西安工程大学学报,2014,28(2):231-234.LI B,MA X M,HUO J F.The constant speed control system of variable displacement motor based on PID control technology[J].Journal of Xi′an Polytechnic University,2014,28(2):231-234.(in Chinese)
[5]孔祥东,艾超,王静.液压型风力发电机组主传动控制系统综述[J].液压与气动,2013(1):1-7.KONG X D,AI C,WANG J.A summary on the control system of hydrostatic drive train for wind turbines[J].Chiness Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2013(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[6]张宏,张高峰,熊子奇.液压传动型风能发电装置的马达速度特性[J].辽宁工程技术大学报(自然科学版),2012,31(4):536-539.ZHANG H,ZHANG G F,XIONG Z Q.Velocity control of hydraulic motor in hydraulic wind turbines[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2012,31(4):536-539.(in Chinese)
[7]张演.液压型风力发电机组功率平滑控制研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2009:148.ZAHNG Y.Research on power smoothing contol of hydraulic type wind turbine[D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2009:148.(in Chinese)
[8]张国贤.新一代全液压风力发电机—数字液压在风力发电传动系统中的应用[J].液压气动与密封,2012,32(1):59-62.ZHANG G X.A new generation of wind turbines with full hydraulic transmission:Appliction of digital hydraulic in wind power transmission system[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2012,32(1):59-62.(in Chinese)
[9]张立强,郑文婧,张婧芳,等.液压型风力发电主传动控制系统的设计与仿真[J].机床与液压,2016,44(3):151-153.ZHANG L Q,ZHENG W J,ZHENG J F,et al.Design and simulation on main drive control system of hydraulic type wind turbine[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2016,44(3):151-153.(in Chinese)
[10]杨国来,邓龙,王建忠,等.液压风力发电系统设计及仿真[J].机床与液压,2015,43(21):186-192.YANG G L,DENG L,WANG J Z,et al.Design and simulation of hydraulic wind power generation system[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2015,43(21):186-192.(in Chinese)
[11]俞齐鑫,马训鸣.液控稳频风力发电系统建模仿真与试验研究[J].液压与气动,2014(10):70-73.YU Q X,MA X M.Modeling simulation and test search for hydraulic controlled frequency stabilization wind power system[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2014(10):70-73.(in Chinese)
[12]曾宗桢.大时滞大惯性变频泵控马达调速系统研究[J].机床与液压,2007,35(6):130-131.ZENG Z Z.Research on great inertia and long time delay pump control motor speed governing system with inverter[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2007,35(6):130-131.(in Chinese)
[13]杨海鹏.基于MATLAB仿真的泵控马达闭环速度控制系统分析与设计[J].煤矿机械,2014,35(5):33-35.YANG H P.Analysis and design of pump-control motor speed closed-loop control system based on MATLAB[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2014,35(5):33-35.(in Chinese)
[14]张博,范国勇,张保平.基于MATLAB的电液伺服系统模糊PID控制研究[J].机械工程与自动化,2016(1):169-170.ZHANG B,FAN G Y,ZHANG B P.MATLAB-based study on fuzzy PID control of electro-hydraulic servo system[J].Mechanical Engineering&Automation,2016(1):169-170.(in Chinese)
[15]王柯,刘玲,张奕.模糊PID的电液比例泵控马达系统恒速控制[J].流体传动与控制,2015(3):10-14.WANG K,LIU L,ZHANG Y.Constant-velocity control for electro-hydraulic proportional pump controlled motor system based on fuzz-PID[J].Fluid Power Transmission and Control,2015(3):10-14.(in Chinese)
[16]孔祥东,宋豫,艾超.变转速输入定量泵-恒转速输出变量马达系统恒转速控制方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(8):179-190.KONG X D,SONG Y,AI C.Constant speed control method of variable speed input fixed displacement pump-constant speed output vaviable motor system[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(8):179-190.(in Chinese)
[17]柴小波,艾超,闫桂山.变转速泵控马达调速系统前馈补偿控制研究[J].机电工程,2016,33(6):718-721.CHAI X B,AI C,YAN G S.Feedforward compensation control in variable-speed pump control motor system[J].Journal of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,2016,33(6):718-721.(in Chinese)
[18] CHEN Z,AMALTE G S,MCCORMICK M.A fuzzy logic controlled power electronic system for variable speed wind energy conversion system[C]//2000 Eighth International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives.London:IET,2000:114-119.
[2] NEERAJ G.A review on the inclusion of wind generation in power system studies[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016(59):530-543.
[3]刘波,贺志佳,金昊.风力发电现状与发展趋势[J].东北电力大学学报,2016,36(2):7-13.LIU B,HE Z J,JIN H.Wind power status and development trends[J].Journal of Northeast Electric Porver University,2016,36(2):7-13.(in Chinese)
[4]李博,马训鸣,霍建锋.基于PID的变量马达恒速控制系统研究[J].西安工程大学学报,2014,28(2):231-234.LI B,MA X M,HUO J F.The constant speed control system of variable displacement motor based on PID control technology[J].Journal of Xi′an Polytechnic University,2014,28(2):231-234.(in Chinese)
[5]孔祥东,艾超,王静.液压型风力发电机组主传动控制系统综述[J].液压与气动,2013(1):1-7.KONG X D,AI C,WANG J.A summary on the control system of hydrostatic drive train for wind turbines[J].Chiness Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2013(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[6]张宏,张高峰,熊子奇.液压传动型风能发电装置的马达速度特性[J].辽宁工程技术大学报(自然科学版),2012,31(4):536-539.ZHANG H,ZHANG G F,XIONG Z Q.Velocity control of hydraulic motor in hydraulic wind turbines[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2012,31(4):536-539.(in Chinese)
[7]张演.液压型风力发电机组功率平滑控制研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2009:148.ZAHNG Y.Research on power smoothing contol of hydraulic type wind turbine[D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2009:148.(in Chinese)
[8]张国贤.新一代全液压风力发电机—数字液压在风力发电传动系统中的应用[J].液压气动与密封,2012,32(1):59-62.ZHANG G X.A new generation of wind turbines with full hydraulic transmission:Appliction of digital hydraulic in wind power transmission system[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2012,32(1):59-62.(in Chinese)
[9]张立强,郑文婧,张婧芳,等.液压型风力发电主传动控制系统的设计与仿真[J].机床与液压,2016,44(3):151-153.ZHANG L Q,ZHENG W J,ZHENG J F,et al.Design and simulation on main drive control system of hydraulic type wind turbine[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2016,44(3):151-153.(in Chinese)
[10]杨国来,邓龙,王建忠,等.液压风力发电系统设计及仿真[J].机床与液压,2015,43(21):186-192.YANG G L,DENG L,WANG J Z,et al.Design and simulation of hydraulic wind power generation system[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2015,43(21):186-192.(in Chinese)
[11]俞齐鑫,马训鸣.液控稳频风力发电系统建模仿真与试验研究[J].液压与气动,2014(10):70-73.YU Q X,MA X M.Modeling simulation and test search for hydraulic controlled frequency stabilization wind power system[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2014(10):70-73.(in Chinese)
[12]曾宗桢.大时滞大惯性变频泵控马达调速系统研究[J].机床与液压,2007,35(6):130-131.ZENG Z Z.Research on great inertia and long time delay pump control motor speed governing system with inverter[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2007,35(6):130-131.(in Chinese)
[13]杨海鹏.基于MATLAB仿真的泵控马达闭环速度控制系统分析与设计[J].煤矿机械,2014,35(5):33-35.YANG H P.Analysis and design of pump-control motor speed closed-loop control system based on MATLAB[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2014,35(5):33-35.(in Chinese)
[14]张博,范国勇,张保平.基于MATLAB的电液伺服系统模糊PID控制研究[J].机械工程与自动化,2016(1):169-170.ZHANG B,FAN G Y,ZHANG B P.MATLAB-based study on fuzzy PID control of electro-hydraulic servo system[J].Mechanical Engineering&Automation,2016(1):169-170.(in Chinese)
[15]王柯,刘玲,张奕.模糊PID的电液比例泵控马达系统恒速控制[J].流体传动与控制,2015(3):10-14.WANG K,LIU L,ZHANG Y.Constant-velocity control for electro-hydraulic proportional pump controlled motor system based on fuzz-PID[J].Fluid Power Transmission and Control,2015(3):10-14.(in Chinese)
[16]孔祥东,宋豫,艾超.变转速输入定量泵-恒转速输出变量马达系统恒转速控制方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(8):179-190.KONG X D,SONG Y,AI C.Constant speed control method of variable speed input fixed displacement pump-constant speed output vaviable motor system[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(8):179-190.(in Chinese)
[17]柴小波,艾超,闫桂山.变转速泵控马达调速系统前馈补偿控制研究[J].机电工程,2016,33(6):718-721.CHAI X B,AI C,YAN G S.Feedforward compensation control in variable-speed pump control motor system[J].Journal of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,2016,33(6):718-721.(in Chinese)
[18] CHEN Z,AMALTE G S,MCCORMICK M.A fuzzy logic controlled power electronic system for variable speed wind energy conversion system[C]//2000 Eighth International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives.London:IET,2000:114-119.
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