人工自愈与动力机械振动故障靶向抑制
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摘要
人工自愈是在故障机理和风险分析的基础上,通过仿生设计赋予机器自发作用的维持健康状态的能力,从而使机器储存、补充和调动自愈力以维持机体的健康状态。透平压缩机、发电机组和航空发动机等动力机械是工业和国防的心脏设备,一旦发生故障将导致事故和巨大损失,在运行中通过自监测、自诊断和主动控制来抑制故障的发生以实现自愈化,是机器向高级智能阶段发展研究中的一个重要方向。本文总结了北京化工大学诊断与自愈工程(DSE)研究中心在人工自愈与动力机械振动故障靶向抑制方面的主要研究工作及成果,并以转子轴系不平衡和压缩机转子失稳振动为例,证明了靶向抑制方法的有效性。以上成果可为自主开发具有自愈功能的智能动力机械提供科学依据。
Based on the mechanism of fault and risk analysis as well as bionics design,artificial self-recovery is designed to provide a machine with the ability to maintain a healthy state spontaneously. In this way,the machine can store,replenish and mobilize self-recovery power to maintain its healthly state. Power machines such as turbo-compressors,generators,and aero-engines are key equipment in industry and defense. Faults in these machines,which may even lead to accidents can result in significant losses. Therefore,developing machines with advanced intelligence involving self-monitoring,self-diagnosis and active control to suppress faults,resulting in self-recovery during operation,has become an important research direction. The paper summarizes the research on artificial self-recovery and target suppression of power machine vibration faults carried out in the Diagnosis and Self-recovery Engineering Research Center( DSE) at Beijing University of Chemical Technology( BUCT). The experimental results cover the unbalance of a multi-rotor shafting system,the mechanism of instability,and the effectiveness of the targeted suppression method. These achievements can provide a scientific basis for the development of intelligent turbomachinery with self-recovery functionality.
Based on the mechanism of fault and risk analysis as well as bionics design,artificial self-recovery is designed to provide a machine with the ability to maintain a healthy state spontaneously. In this way,the machine can store,replenish and mobilize self-recovery power to maintain its healthly state. Power machines such as turbo-compressors,generators,and aero-engines are key equipment in industry and defense. Faults in these machines,which may even lead to accidents can result in significant losses. Therefore,developing machines with advanced intelligence involving self-monitoring,self-diagnosis and active control to suppress faults,resulting in self-recovery during operation,has become an important research direction. The paper summarizes the research on artificial self-recovery and target suppression of power machine vibration faults carried out in the Diagnosis and Self-recovery Engineering Research Center( DSE) at Beijing University of Chemical Technology( BUCT). The experimental results cover the unbalance of a multi-rotor shafting system,the mechanism of instability,and the effectiveness of the targeted suppression method. These achievements can provide a scientific basis for the development of intelligent turbomachinery with self-recovery functionality.
引文
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[8]王维民,齐鹏逸,李启行,等.离心式压缩机转子系统稳定性控制方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(6):102-106.WANG W M,QI P Y,LI Q H,et al.Research on stability control method of centrifugal compressor rotor system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(6):102-106.(in Chinese)
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[10]LI Q H,WANG W M,LIU B,et al.Investigation on the seal structure design and rotor vibration controller for back-to-back centrifugal compressor[C]∥Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2016:Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition.Seoul,2016.
[11]宾光富.透平机械N+1支撑轴系耦联优化及整机无试重动平衡研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2013.BIN G F.Turbine mechanical N+1 support shaft coupling optimization and whole machine test-free recalculation[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
[2]中国工程院咨询项目组.工程科技与发展战略咨询研究报告集——装备故障自愈工程及其在我国推广应用的建议[M].北京:中国工程院出版社,2006.Consulting Group of Chinese Academy of Engineering.Research report on engineering technology and development strategy consulting-equipment failure self-healing project and suggestions for its application in China[M].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Engineering Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[3]中国科学院先进制造领域战略研究所.中国至2050年先进制造科技发展路线图[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.China's roadmap for advanced manufacturing technology development by 2050[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[4]高金吉.机器故障诊治与自愈化[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012.GAO J J.Diagnosis and treatment of machine failure and self-healing[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[5]唐孝威,沈小雷,何宏建.关于人体经络的一个试探性观点[J].中国工程科学,2008,10(11):14-17.TANG X W,SHEN X L,HE H J.A tentative point of view on human meridians[J].China Engineering Science,2008,10(11):14-17.(in Chinese)
[6]陈立芳.电磁驱动双配重平衡头与自动平衡优化控制方法研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2012.CHEN L F.Research on electromagnetically driven double counterweight balancing head and automatic balance optimization control method[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[7]潘鑫,吴海琦,高金吉.旋转机械气压液体式不平衡振动故障靶向自愈调控系统[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(1):146-152.PAN X,WU H Q,GAO J J.Targeted self-healing control system for liquid mechanical unbalanced vibration faults in rotating machinery[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(1):146-152.(in Chinese)
[8]王维民,齐鹏逸,李启行,等.离心式压缩机转子系统稳定性控制方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(6):102-106.WANG W M,QI P Y,LI Q H,et al.Research on stability control method of centrifugal compressor rotor system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(6):102-106.(in Chinese)
[9]LI Q H,WANG W M,WEAVER B,et al.Active rotordynamic stability control by use of a combined active magnetic bearing and hole pattern seal component for back-toback centrifugal compressors[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2018,127:1-12.
[10]LI Q H,WANG W M,LIU B,et al.Investigation on the seal structure design and rotor vibration controller for back-to-back centrifugal compressor[C]∥Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2016:Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition.Seoul,2016.
[11]宾光富.透平机械N+1支撑轴系耦联优化及整机无试重动平衡研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2013.BIN G F.Turbine mechanical N+1 support shaft coupling optimization and whole machine test-free recalculation[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
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