土壤中抗生素抗性基因的分布及迁移转化
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摘要
为明晰土壤中抗生素抗性基因的存在及传播状况,并为开展抗生素抗性基因土壤污染的风险评价工作提供科学的理论依据.本文根据抗生素抗性基因存在和转移的理论基础,结合国内外研究进展,详细阐述了土壤中抗生素抗性基因的来源、分布传播及其影响因素,发现已有研究对外源抗生素抗性基因在土壤中的丰度和种类变化的研究较为深入,而对其在土壤中的空间分布特征、传播扩散及行为机理等研究工作尚处于起步阶段.因此提出未来土壤抗生素抗性基因的研究重点应为掌握抗生素抗性基因的空间分布、溯源、迁移转化规律及其关键制约因子,并建立相应的数量关系.
Soil is considered as one of the primary receivers of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs). Hence, clarifying the distribution, transfer of ARGs in soil, is very important to evaluate the potential ecological risks of ARGs. In this paper, the origin, distribution and transfer of ARGs in soil were examined systematically, the major environmental factors that influenced the transmission of ARGs were summarized, and the necessity of the ARGs research in soil was also emphasized. Results showed that the previous studies mostly focus on the abundance and variety of exogenous ARGs in soil, while spatial distribution, propagation and behavior mechanism of ARGs are still found to be insufficient. Based on current research, prospective ARGs research in soil should master the distribution, source, rule of transformation and the key restriction factors. Furthermore a corresponding quantitative relationship should be established to provide a scientific basis data for the assessment of ARGs pollution and ecological risk.
Soil is considered as one of the primary receivers of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs). Hence, clarifying the distribution, transfer of ARGs in soil, is very important to evaluate the potential ecological risks of ARGs. In this paper, the origin, distribution and transfer of ARGs in soil were examined systematically, the major environmental factors that influenced the transmission of ARGs were summarized, and the necessity of the ARGs research in soil was also emphasized. Results showed that the previous studies mostly focus on the abundance and variety of exogenous ARGs in soil, while spatial distribution, propagation and behavior mechanism of ARGs are still found to be insufficient. Based on current research, prospective ARGs research in soil should master the distribution, source, rule of transformation and the key restriction factors. Furthermore a corresponding quantitative relationship should be established to provide a scientific basis data for the assessment of ARGs pollution and ecological risk.
引文
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[35]van Elsas J D,Bailey M J.The ecology of transfer of mobile genetic elements[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2002,42(2):187-197.
[36]Onan L J,La Para T M.Tylosin-resistant bacteria cultivated from agricultural soil[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2003,220(1):15-20.
[37]Pruden A,Pei R,Storteboom H,et al.Antibiotic resistance genes as emerging contaminants:studies in northern Colorado[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2006,40(23):7445-7450.
[38]Marti R,Scott A,Tien Y C,et al.Impact of manure fertilization on the abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and frequency of detection of antibiotic resistance genes in soil and on vegetables at harvest[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2013,79(18):5701-5709.
[39]Popowska M,Rzeczycka M,Miernik A,et al.Influence of soil use on prevalence of tetracycline,streptomycin,and erythromycin resistance and associated resistance genes[J].Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2012,56(3):1434-1443.
[40]Zielezny Y,Groeneweg J,Vereecken H,et al.Impact of sulfadiazine and chlorotetracycline on soil bacterial community structure and respiratory activity[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2006,38(8):2372-2380.
[41]Schmitt H,Stoob K,Hamscher G,et al.Tetracyclines and tetracycline resistance in agricultural soils:microcosm and field studies[J].Microbial Ecology,2006,51(3):267-276.
[42]Knapp C W,Dolfing J,Ehlert P A I,et al.Evidence of increasing antibiotic resistance gene abundances in archived soils since 1940[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,44(2):580-587.
[43]张俊,杨晓洪,葛峰,等.长期施用四环素残留猪粪对土壤中耐药菌及抗性基因形成的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(6):2374-2380.
[44]Yin Q,Yue D,Peng Y,et al.Occurrence and distribution of antibioticresistant bacteria and transfer of resistance genes in Lake Taihu[J].Microbes and Environments,2013,28(4):479-486.
[45]徐晨光.茶园土壤抗生素抗性细菌及抗性基因研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[46]Ochman H,Lawrence J G,Groisman E A.Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation[J].Nature,2000,405(6784):299-304.
[47]徐冰洁,罗义,周启星,等.抗生素抗性基因在环境中的来源,传播扩散及生态风险[J].环境化学,2010,29(2):169-178.
[48]Dodd M C.Potential impacts of disinfection processes on elimination and deactivation of antibiotic resistance genes during water and wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2012,14(7):1754-1771.
[49]刘苗苗,杨敏,张昱,等.环境中抗药基因水平转移研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2015,(5):11-19.
[50]Taylor D E,Gibreel A,Tracz D M,et al.Plasmid Biology:Antibiotic resistance plasmids[M].American Society of Microbiology,2004:473-492.
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