银额盆地苏红图坳陷西部中生界烃源岩热演化史恢复
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摘要
苏红图坳陷是位于银额盆地东北部的中生代断陷盆地,含油气资源勘探潜力较大.利用研究区7口井的75个镜质体反射率资料,分析了研究区中生界烃源岩热演化程度及分布特点,银根组烃源岩处于未成熟-低成熟阶段,苏红图组底部Ro分布在0.6%~1.2%,凹陷中心巴音戈壁组底部Ro普遍大于1.1%.苏红图坳陷西部中生代以来的热历史恢复表明,研究区现今地温梯度为34℃/km,晚白垩世地温梯度约为40.6~46.7℃/km,地温梯度从40~42℃/km(135~110 Ma)增加到46~50℃/km(110~103Ma),银根组沉积期(100~95Ma)地温梯度达到最大,为48~53℃/km;从乌兰苏海组沉积开始到现今,地温梯度先增大到40~46℃/km(92~80Ma),后逐渐降低为34℃/km(80~0Ma).研究区早白垩世以来较高的地温场对油气生成、成藏起着重要的控制作用,烃源岩均在乌兰苏海组沉积末期达到最大热演化阶段.
Suhongtu depression,located in the northeastern of Yin'e basin(Yingen-Ejinaqi basin),is a Mesozoic faultingsubsiding basin with large oil and gas resources.75 vitrinite reflectance data from 7 wells in the study area are used to analyze the degree of thermal evolution of Mesozoic source rocks.The thermal evolution degree of source rocks in Yingen Formation is in immature to low mature stage.The vitrinite reflectance(Ro)data distribute in 0.6%-1.2%at the bottom of Suhongtu Formation,and they are generally greater than 1.1% at the bottom of Bayingebi Formation in the center of the sag.The results of Mesozoic and Cenozoic thermal history show that the present-day geothermal gradient is 34℃/km,and approximately 40.6-46.7℃/km in Late Cretaceous.The temperature gradient was 40-42℃/km(135-110 Ma)and increased to 46-50℃/km(110-103 Ma).Especially,during the deposition period of Yingen Formation(100-95 Ma),the geothermal gradient reached the maximum at about 48-53 ℃/km.From the beginning of Wulansuhai Formation,the geothermal gradient gradually increased to 40-46℃/km(92-80 Ma)and decreased to a present-day value of 34℃/km(80-0 Ma)ultimately.The higher geothermal field has played an important role in controlling oil and gas generation and accumulation since the Early Cretaceous,and the source rocks have reached the maximum thermal evolution stage at the end of the sedimentary period of the Wulansuhai Formation.
Suhongtu depression,located in the northeastern of Yin'e basin(Yingen-Ejinaqi basin),is a Mesozoic faultingsubsiding basin with large oil and gas resources.75 vitrinite reflectance data from 7 wells in the study area are used to analyze the degree of thermal evolution of Mesozoic source rocks.The thermal evolution degree of source rocks in Yingen Formation is in immature to low mature stage.The vitrinite reflectance(Ro)data distribute in 0.6%-1.2%at the bottom of Suhongtu Formation,and they are generally greater than 1.1% at the bottom of Bayingebi Formation in the center of the sag.The results of Mesozoic and Cenozoic thermal history show that the present-day geothermal gradient is 34℃/km,and approximately 40.6-46.7℃/km in Late Cretaceous.The temperature gradient was 40-42℃/km(135-110 Ma)and increased to 46-50℃/km(110-103 Ma).Especially,during the deposition period of Yingen Formation(100-95 Ma),the geothermal gradient reached the maximum at about 48-53 ℃/km.From the beginning of Wulansuhai Formation,the geothermal gradient gradually increased to 40-46℃/km(92-80 Ma)and decreased to a present-day value of 34℃/km(80-0 Ma)ultimately.The higher geothermal field has played an important role in controlling oil and gas generation and accumulation since the Early Cretaceous,and the source rocks have reached the maximum thermal evolution stage at the end of the sedimentary period of the Wulansuhai Formation.
引文
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Qiu,N.S.,Zuo,Y.H.,Chang,J.,et al.,2014.Geothermal Evidence of Meso-Cenozoic Lithosphere Thinning in the Jiyang Sub-Basin,Bohai Bay Basin,Eastern North China Craton.Gondwana Research,26(3-4):1079-1092.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2013.08.011
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Ren,Z.L.,Cui,J.P.,Guo,K.,et al.,2015.Fission-Track Analysis of Uplift Times and Processes of the Weibei Uplift in the Ordos Basin.Chinese Science Bulletin,60(14):1298-1309(in Chinese).
Ren,Z.L.,Liu,C.Y.,Zhang,X.H.,et al.,2000.Recovery and Comparative Research of Thermal History on Jiuquan Basin Group.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,43(5):635-645(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ren,Z.L.,Cui,J.P.,Li,J.B.,et al.,2014a.Tectonic-Thermal History Reconstruction of Ordovician in the Weibei Uplift of Ordos Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(11):2044-2056(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ren,Z.L.,Tian,T.,Li,J.B.,et al.,2014b.Review on Methods of Thermal Evolution History in Sedimentary Basins and Thermal Evolution History Reconstruction of Superimposed Basins.Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,36(3):1-20(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ren,Z.L.,Zhang,S.,Gao,S.L.,et al.,2006.Research on Region of Maturation Anomaly and Formation Time in Ordos Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(5):62-72(in Chinese with English abstract).
Rudnick,R.L.,McDonough,W.F.,O’Connell,R.J.,1998.Thermal Structure,Thickness and Composition of Continental Lithosphere.Chemical Geology,145(3-4):395-411.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2541(97)00151-4
Sahu,H.S.,Raab,M.J.,Kohn,B.P.,et al.,2013.Thermal History of the Krishna-Godavari Basin,India:Constraints from Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology and Organic Maturity Data.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,73(8):1-20.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.04.028
Sclater,J.G.,Christie,P.A.F.,1980.Continental Stretching:An Explanation of the Post-Mid-Cretaceous Subsidence of the Central North Sea Basin.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,85(B7):3711-3739.https://doi.org/10.1029/jb085ib07p03711
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