基于试验数据的砌体填充墙易损性研究
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摘要
本文对砌体填充墙的损伤状态进行了划分,并将损伤状态与常用修复方案相关联,明确了不同损伤状态所需要的修复方案。为了建立适用于中国砌体填充墙的易损性函数,对砌体填充墙面内抗震性能的试验数据进行了统计分析以建立损伤状态与工程需求参数的拟合经验关系。以层间位移角作为填充墙的工程需求参数,通过对数正态分布拟合试验数据。结果表明采用对数正态分布拟合的易损性曲线能够满足Lilliefors检验要求,可将其用于砌体填充墙的易损性评估中。
Damage states for masonry infill walls are proposed and linked with commonly employed methods of repair. The repair methods used for different damage states are determined. To develop the fragility functions for masonry infill walls in China,statistic analysis of the results of previous experimental investigations of in-plane seismic performance are performed to generate empirical relationships between damage states and engineering demand parameters. Inter-story drift is accepted as the engineering demand parameter of masonry infill walls and the test data are fitted using a lognormal distribution. The results show that the fragility curves fitted by lognormal distribution can pass the Lilliefors test and can be used in the fragility assessment of masonry infill walls.
Damage states for masonry infill walls are proposed and linked with commonly employed methods of repair. The repair methods used for different damage states are determined. To develop the fragility functions for masonry infill walls in China,statistic analysis of the results of previous experimental investigations of in-plane seismic performance are performed to generate empirical relationships between damage states and engineering demand parameters. Inter-story drift is accepted as the engineering demand parameter of masonry infill walls and the test data are fitted using a lognormal distribution. The results show that the fragility curves fitted by lognormal distribution can pass the Lilliefors test and can be used in the fragility assessment of masonry infill walls.
引文
[1]FEMA.Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings Volume 1-Methodology[R].Washington,DC:2012.
[2]FEMA.Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings Volume 2-Implementation Guide[R].Washington,DC:2012.
[3]SASSUN K,SULLIVAN T J,MORANDI P,et al.Characterising the in-plane seismic performance of infill masonry[J].Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering,2016,49(1):100-117.
[4]CARDONE D,PERRONE G.Developing fragility curves and loss functions for masonry infill walls[J].Earthquakes&Structures,2015,9(1):257-279.
[5]郭子雄,吴毅彬,黄群贤.砌体填充墙框架结构抗震性能研究现状与展望[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(6):172-177.GUO Zixiong,WU Yibin,HUANG Qunxian.Research and development in seismic behavior of infilled-frame structures[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(6):172-177.(in Chinese)
[6]郭子雄,黄群贤,魏荣丰,等.填充墙不规则布置对RC框架抗震性能影响试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2010(11):46-54.GUO Zixiong,HUANG Qunxian,WEI Rongfeng,et al.Experimental study of the seismic behavior of irregularly brick infilled RC frames[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010(11):46-54.(in Chinese)
[7]黄群贤,郭子雄,朱雁茹,等.混凝土空心砌块填充墙RC框架抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(2):110-118.HUANG Qunxian,GUO Zixiong,ZHU Yanru,et al.Experimental study on seismic behavior of RC frames infilled with concrete hollow blocks[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(2):110-118.(in Chinese)
[8]蒋欢军,毛俊杰,刘小娟.不同连接方式砌体填充墙钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(3):60-67.JIANG Huanjun,MAO Junjie,LIU Xiaojuan.Experimental study on seismic performance of masonry infilled RC frame with different types of connections[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(3):60-67.(in Chinese)
[9]李英民,韩军,田启祥,等.填充墙对框架结构抗震性能的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(3):51-58.LI Yingmin,HAN Jun,TIAN Qixiang,et al.Study on influence of infilled walls on seismic performance of RC frame structures[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(3):51-58.(in Chinese)
[10]公茂盛,杨永强,谢礼立.芦山7.0级地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构震害分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2013,33(3):20-26.GONG Maosheng,YANG Yongqiang,XIE Lili.Seismic damage to reinforced concrete frame buildings in Lushan M7.0 earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2013,33(3):20-26.(in Chinese)
[11]GB/T 24335-2009建(构)筑物地震破坏等级划分[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.GB/T 24335-2009 Classification of Earthquake Damage to Buildings and Special Structures[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[12]徐秀凤.基于性能的砌体结构加固与修复研究[D].中国地震局工程力学研究所,2015XU Xiufeng.Performance based strengthening and repairing study for masonry structures[D].Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2015.(in Chinese)
[13]GB/T 18208.4-2011地震现场工作第4部分:灾害直接损失评估[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.GB/T 18208.4-2011 Post-Earthquake Filed Works—Part 4:Assessment of Direct Loss[S]Beijing:China Standards Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[14]程俊涛.开洞填充墙框架结构抗震性能的试验研究和分析[D].苏州科技学院,2012.CHEN Juntao.Experimental study and analysis of the infilled frame with openings[D].Suzhou University of Science and Technology School of Civil Engineering,2012.(in Chinese)
[15]黄文.框架填充墙抗震性能的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.HUANG Wen.Study on seismic performance of masonry-infilled frame[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016.(in Chinese)
[16]蒋利学,郑乔文.砖填充墙加固前后钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能试验[J].工业建筑,2009,39(10):40-47.JIANG Lixue,ZHENG Qiaowen.Tests of seismic behavior of reinforced concrete frames with infilled wall or strengthened infilled wall[J].Industrial Construction,2009,39(10):40-47.(in Chinese)
[17]李大禹.不同连接形式新型砌体填充墙框架结构抗震性能研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.LI Dayu.Study on seismic performance of new masonry infilled wall under different connection form[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2016.(in Chinese)
[18]李旭东.轻质砌体填充墙RC框架结构抗震性能试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.LI Xudong.Experimental and analytical study of seismic performance of lightweight masonry-infilled RC frames[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
[19]李艳艳,陈艳风,韩红霞,等.带缝填充墙框架结构抗震性能试验研究[J].工业建筑,2013,43(2):14-17.LI Yanyan,CHEN Yanfeng,HAN Hongxia,et al.Experimental study on seismic behavior of infilled frame structures with slit[J].Industrial Construction,2013,43(2):14-17.(in Chinese)
[20]林坤,刘红军,Totoev Yuri.无浆填充墙框架拟静力试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(2):119-127.LIN Kun,LIU Hongjun,Totoev Yuri.Quasi-static experimental research on dry-stack masonry infill panel frame[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(2):119-127.(in Chinese)
[21]乔雨蒙.CFRP加固震后严重损伤轻质砌体填充墙RC框架结构试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.QIAO Yumeng.Experimental study of retrofitting light-weight masonry infilled rc frames seriously damaged by earthquake with CFRP[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.(in Chinese)
[22]唐兴荣,刘利花,周振轶,等.带竖缝砌体填充墙钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(10):84-93.TANG Xingrong,LIU Lihua,ZHOU Zhenyi,et al.Experimental study on seismic behavior of slitted masonry in-filled reinforced concrete frame structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(10):84-93.(in Chinese)
[23]童岳生,钱国芳.砖填充墙钢筋混凝土框架的变形性能及承载能力[J].西安冶金建筑学院学报,1985(2):4-24.TONG Yusheng,QIAN Guofang.Deformation behavior and load capacity of reinforced concrete frames with brick filler walls[J].Journal of Xian Institute of Metallurgy and Construction Engineering,1985(2):4-24.(in Chinese)
[24]杨亮.砌体填充墙框架结构的抗震性能试验研究与非线性分析[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2010.YANG Liang.Experimental study on seismic behavior and nonlinear analysis of masonry-unfilled rc frames structure[D].Suzhou:Suzhou University of Science and Technology,2010.(in Chinese)
[25]GB 50003-2011砌体结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011GB 50003-2011 Code of Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[26]LILLIEFORS H W.On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality with mean and variance unknown[J].Journal of the American Statistical Association,1967,62(318):399-402.
[2]FEMA.Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings Volume 2-Implementation Guide[R].Washington,DC:2012.
[3]SASSUN K,SULLIVAN T J,MORANDI P,et al.Characterising the in-plane seismic performance of infill masonry[J].Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering,2016,49(1):100-117.
[4]CARDONE D,PERRONE G.Developing fragility curves and loss functions for masonry infill walls[J].Earthquakes&Structures,2015,9(1):257-279.
[5]郭子雄,吴毅彬,黄群贤.砌体填充墙框架结构抗震性能研究现状与展望[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(6):172-177.GUO Zixiong,WU Yibin,HUANG Qunxian.Research and development in seismic behavior of infilled-frame structures[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(6):172-177.(in Chinese)
[6]郭子雄,黄群贤,魏荣丰,等.填充墙不规则布置对RC框架抗震性能影响试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2010(11):46-54.GUO Zixiong,HUANG Qunxian,WEI Rongfeng,et al.Experimental study of the seismic behavior of irregularly brick infilled RC frames[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010(11):46-54.(in Chinese)
[7]黄群贤,郭子雄,朱雁茹,等.混凝土空心砌块填充墙RC框架抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(2):110-118.HUANG Qunxian,GUO Zixiong,ZHU Yanru,et al.Experimental study on seismic behavior of RC frames infilled with concrete hollow blocks[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(2):110-118.(in Chinese)
[8]蒋欢军,毛俊杰,刘小娟.不同连接方式砌体填充墙钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(3):60-67.JIANG Huanjun,MAO Junjie,LIU Xiaojuan.Experimental study on seismic performance of masonry infilled RC frame with different types of connections[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(3):60-67.(in Chinese)
[9]李英民,韩军,田启祥,等.填充墙对框架结构抗震性能的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(3):51-58.LI Yingmin,HAN Jun,TIAN Qixiang,et al.Study on influence of infilled walls on seismic performance of RC frame structures[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(3):51-58.(in Chinese)
[10]公茂盛,杨永强,谢礼立.芦山7.0级地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构震害分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2013,33(3):20-26.GONG Maosheng,YANG Yongqiang,XIE Lili.Seismic damage to reinforced concrete frame buildings in Lushan M7.0 earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2013,33(3):20-26.(in Chinese)
[11]GB/T 24335-2009建(构)筑物地震破坏等级划分[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.GB/T 24335-2009 Classification of Earthquake Damage to Buildings and Special Structures[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[12]徐秀凤.基于性能的砌体结构加固与修复研究[D].中国地震局工程力学研究所,2015XU Xiufeng.Performance based strengthening and repairing study for masonry structures[D].Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2015.(in Chinese)
[13]GB/T 18208.4-2011地震现场工作第4部分:灾害直接损失评估[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.GB/T 18208.4-2011 Post-Earthquake Filed Works—Part 4:Assessment of Direct Loss[S]Beijing:China Standards Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[14]程俊涛.开洞填充墙框架结构抗震性能的试验研究和分析[D].苏州科技学院,2012.CHEN Juntao.Experimental study and analysis of the infilled frame with openings[D].Suzhou University of Science and Technology School of Civil Engineering,2012.(in Chinese)
[15]黄文.框架填充墙抗震性能的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.HUANG Wen.Study on seismic performance of masonry-infilled frame[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016.(in Chinese)
[16]蒋利学,郑乔文.砖填充墙加固前后钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能试验[J].工业建筑,2009,39(10):40-47.JIANG Lixue,ZHENG Qiaowen.Tests of seismic behavior of reinforced concrete frames with infilled wall or strengthened infilled wall[J].Industrial Construction,2009,39(10):40-47.(in Chinese)
[17]李大禹.不同连接形式新型砌体填充墙框架结构抗震性能研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.LI Dayu.Study on seismic performance of new masonry infilled wall under different connection form[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2016.(in Chinese)
[18]李旭东.轻质砌体填充墙RC框架结构抗震性能试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.LI Xudong.Experimental and analytical study of seismic performance of lightweight masonry-infilled RC frames[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
[19]李艳艳,陈艳风,韩红霞,等.带缝填充墙框架结构抗震性能试验研究[J].工业建筑,2013,43(2):14-17.LI Yanyan,CHEN Yanfeng,HAN Hongxia,et al.Experimental study on seismic behavior of infilled frame structures with slit[J].Industrial Construction,2013,43(2):14-17.(in Chinese)
[20]林坤,刘红军,Totoev Yuri.无浆填充墙框架拟静力试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(2):119-127.LIN Kun,LIU Hongjun,Totoev Yuri.Quasi-static experimental research on dry-stack masonry infill panel frame[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(2):119-127.(in Chinese)
[21]乔雨蒙.CFRP加固震后严重损伤轻质砌体填充墙RC框架结构试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.QIAO Yumeng.Experimental study of retrofitting light-weight masonry infilled rc frames seriously damaged by earthquake with CFRP[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.(in Chinese)
[22]唐兴荣,刘利花,周振轶,等.带竖缝砌体填充墙钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(10):84-93.TANG Xingrong,LIU Lihua,ZHOU Zhenyi,et al.Experimental study on seismic behavior of slitted masonry in-filled reinforced concrete frame structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(10):84-93.(in Chinese)
[23]童岳生,钱国芳.砖填充墙钢筋混凝土框架的变形性能及承载能力[J].西安冶金建筑学院学报,1985(2):4-24.TONG Yusheng,QIAN Guofang.Deformation behavior and load capacity of reinforced concrete frames with brick filler walls[J].Journal of Xian Institute of Metallurgy and Construction Engineering,1985(2):4-24.(in Chinese)
[24]杨亮.砌体填充墙框架结构的抗震性能试验研究与非线性分析[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2010.YANG Liang.Experimental study on seismic behavior and nonlinear analysis of masonry-unfilled rc frames structure[D].Suzhou:Suzhou University of Science and Technology,2010.(in Chinese)
[25]GB 50003-2011砌体结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011GB 50003-2011 Code of Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[26]LILLIEFORS H W.On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality with mean and variance unknown[J].Journal of the American Statistical Association,1967,62(318):399-402.